Ain Shams university Third level of biotechnology program

Fac. of Agric. Mariam Nashaat Mohamed

Botany Dept. Lecture 1

The First Part

Clearly circle your answer!There is only one correct answer in the multiple-choice questions
1. The macromolecules most often utilized in Biotech are
a. DNA.
b. RNA.
c.proteins.
d. a), b) and c).

2. Types of asexual reproduction

a. meioses.
b. grafting.
c. tissue culture.
d. b) and c).

3. Benefits of Biotechnology
a. increase tolerance to heat and cold.
b.decrease weed tolerance.
c.decrease tolerance to drought.
d. b) and c).

4. In node cultures used

a. leaf primordia.
b. a small piece of stem tissue.
c.shoot tip.
d. a) and c).

5. Uses of tissue culture

a. regeneration problems.
b.desirable traits.
c.gender of commercial importance.
d. a), b) and c).
6. The use of cells to produce products
a. Biotechnology.
b. Tissue Culture.
c. Sexual Reproduction.
d. a) and b).
The second Part
Match each of the following with the appropriate response. Write the letter for the term in the blanks
a. Tissue culture. b.Biotechnology.c. A transgenic crop plant.
d.Sterility e. Genetic engineeringf. Transgenic
g. Plant biotechnology
1. Biotechnolog..any technique or procedure that uses whole or part of a living thing to make new
products, improve or develop plants for specific use.
2. A transgenic crop plant.. contains a gene or genes which have been artificially inserted instead of
the plant acquiring them through pollination.
3. Tissue culture.. is the term used for “the process of growing cells artificially in the laboratory”?
4. Sterility.. is due to the protein composition of the cell of wall of pollen grains.
5. Genetic engineering.. technique that transfers gene(s) of interest to develop and improve plants.
6. Transgenic.. plants developed through genetic engineering.
7. Plant biotechnology..is a process to produce a genetically modified plant.
The third Part
Put "T" or "F" with each following sentence
1. Genetic engineeringis technique that transfers gene(s) of interest to develop and improve plants(t).
2. Agricultural biotechnology: Genetically modified plants can be resistant to disease, frost, and insects(t).
3. Genetic engineering allows the direct transfer of genes between closely or distantly related organisms(t).
4. Plant biotechnology is a process to produce a genetically modified plant (t).
5. Tissue culture is the process of growing cells artificially in the laboratory”(t).
6. Sexual propagation defined as: Production of new plantlets from tissue of an actively growing plant (f).
7. Plants used in tissue culture need to be healthy and actively growing (t).
8. Tissue culture is a technique for vegetative propagation of plants (t).
The Fourth Part
a. Match description to term(s) on right. Write the number for the term in the blanks
…4… Using living organisms to clean up pollution through bioremediation.1. Tissue Culture
…1…using a small amount of plant tissue to grow in a sterile environment2. Tip meristem
…2.....apical dome with or without one or two leaf primordia.3. Biotechnology
…6.…. Part of an organism used in "in vitro" culture. 4.Environment&Biotechnology
….5….."In glass"; as in tissue culture methods. 5. in vitro
….7.… The earliest detectable stage of an organ.6. Explant

…3….. Formation of a whole plant from a few cells or small portion of a plant.7. Primordia
…3.....Any technique or procedure to develop new products8. Totipotency
…10…..Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs)9 . Crop biotechnology
9…...High yielding crops and improved postharvest qualities10.Transgenics
b. Match description to term(s) on right. Write the number for the term in the blanks
( 1, The process of growing cells artificially in the 1. Tissue culture plants
2 )
laboratory
)14 ( A plant cell that had its cell wall completely removed 2. cell and tissue culture
by mechanical or enzymatic means.
6( Popularly known as a Genetically ModifiedOrganism 3. Totipotency
),7
) 3( All powerful could develop into an entire plant 4. Primordia
( are grown aseptically in a container. 5. Biotechnology
1,2,13
)
)2 ( Cultural techniques for regeneration of functional 6. GMO
plants.
) 3 The ability of undifferentiated plant tissues to 7.Transgenic plants
differentiate into functional plants.
) 4( The earliest detectable stage of an organ 8. Bioremediation
) 5( The use of cells and biological molecules, to solve 9.Genetic engineering
problems or make useful products.
6,7 ( Genetically modified organisms. 10. gene
)
)7 ( Designer plants with inserted genes. 11.Micropropagation

) 8( The use of microbes to digest and convert unwanted 12.Explant

waste material into harmless substances.
) 9( Technique that transfers gene(s) of interest to develop 13. In vitro
and improve plants.
) 10 ( Basic physical and functional units of heredity. 14.Protoplast
 ) 11 ( Production of new plantlets from tissue of an actively
growing plant.
) 12 ( Part of an organism used in "in vitro" culture.
) 13 ( "In glass"; as in tissue culture methods.
The fifth part: ( grades)
Complete the following sentences
1. The macromolecules most often utilized in Biotech are DNA,RNA and protein.
2. Genetically Modified plants can be resistant to pests,diseases and insects .
3. Benefits of Biotechnology are increase production,improve environment and increase tolerance to
heat and cold .
4. Explants source is leaf, leaf lamina , leaf base ,and lateral and apical buds of node .
5. Agricultural resources are limited by deforestation , overgrazing , and landconversion .
6. Five major areas where in vitro cell cultures are currently applied: …large scale propagation of elite
materials , generation of genetic modified fertile individuals , a model system for fundamental plant cell
physiology aspects , preservation of endangered species , and metabolic engineering of fine chemicals .
7.
The sixth part:
1. What is another name for tissue culture? Cell culture , organ culture , and micropropagation .
2. Define tissue culture in your own words. Is the growth of tissues or cells in an artificial medium
separate from the parent organism.
3. What is Plant Tissue Culture? It is using a small amount of plant tissue to grow in a sterile
environment .

With my best wishes