Ain Shams university Third level of biotechnology program

Fac. of Agric. Name : Mariam Nashaat Mohamed Ahmed

Botany Dept. Code : 20214377

The First Part

Clearly circle your answer!There is only one correct answer in the multiple choice questions
1. Anther/Microspore Culture Factors include
a. genotype.
b. any stage of pollen development.
c. Culture medium.
d. a) and c).

2. Haploid plants are

a. weak.
b. sterile.
c. a) and b).
d. fertile.

3. Production of Doubled Haploids

a. colchicine.
b. ethylene.
c. coconut milk.
d. Sucrose.

The second Part

a. Match each of the following with the appropriate response. Write the letter for the term in
the blanks
a.The generative cellb.Anther culturec.Sterility
9. …c….. is due to the protein composition of the cell of wall of pollen grains.
10. …a….. has produced two male gametes through the process of mitosis.
11. …b….. produce haploid plants from microspores.

b. Put "T" or "F" with each following sentences

1. The ovule culture of complete anthers containing immature pollen microspores(F).Anther
2. Haploids are valuable in plant breeding for can eliminate lethal genes from the gene pool(T).
3. Haploids are valuable in plant breeding for can produce homozygous diploid plants (T).
4. Anther culture produce haploid plants from unfertilized egg cell (F).Ovule
5. Anther wall is factor influencing androgenesis(T).
6. Chimera of different ploidy and formation of albinos in cereals are associated problems with
anther culture (T).
7. Importance of anther/microspore culture is heterozygous inbred lines(F).Homozygous
8. cold or heat acts as a shock treatment causing a 90° shift in division plane of microspore causing a
symmetrical division (T).
9. The flower is the reproductive structure for the angiosperms(T).
10. The development of pollen grains (microspores) occurs in the ovary (F).Anther
11. 1st pollen mitosis yields2 sperm nuclei(F).Meiosis
12. 2nd pollen mitosis (of gen cell) yields1 veg. & 1 gen cell(F).
13. Production of doubled haploids using solution of colchicine (T).
14. Production of haploid plants from macrospores(T).
15. Anther culture need to switch pollen development from embryogenesis to gametogenesis(F).Vice verse
16. Microspore culture need to be able to switch pollen development from embryogenesis to
gametogenesis(F).Gametic to sporophytic
The third Part
Match description to term(s) on right. Write the number for the term in the blanks
)8 ( The hereditary material of the germ cells = Genes. 1. Anther cultures
)7 ( Weak and sterile plant. 2. The Stamen
6 Culturing of unfertilized ovules (macrospores). 3. Pollen grain
) 5( Production of haploid plants from unfertilized egg cell. 4. Androgenesis
) 9( Production of haploid plants from microspores. 5. Gynogenesis
)3 ( Contains a tube cell and a generative cell. 6. Ovule culture
)2 ( Consists of the Anthers and their supporting their 7.Haploid plants
supporting filament.
)1 ( contain immature pollen microsporesto obtain 8. Germplasm
haploid plants.
)5 ( Ovule culture 9.Microspore culture
)4 ( Anther culture.
)1 ( Culturing of anthers or pollen grains (microspores).
) 9( Derive a mature plant from a single microspore.

The Fourth Part

Complete the following sentences
1. Importance of anther/microspore culture is Producing genetically homozygous plants. and Greater

potential haploid plant production .

2. Haploids are very valuable in plant breeding for several reasons: Plants with lethal genes are

eliminated from the gene pool , Can produce homozygous diploid or polyploidy plants and Mutation

and recessive characteristics are expressed in the plant.

3. Factors influencing androgenesis are Optimum growth of mother plant , Genotype of donor plants and

growth conditions

4. Problems with anther culture are Anthers fail to grow , Formation of albinos in cereals and Low success

rate .

5. Uses of haploids and doubled haploids are Completely homozygous plants , Inbred lines and Mutations

studies .

With my best wishes