TOPICS OF THE DAY STATUS & HOMEWORK CLASS 11 by- Hasin Ahmed dekho seekho jano

1. Le-Chattelier principle * a. Statement____ b. effects of changes i.e. Temp/pressure/conc./inert gas/catalyst etc.

2. ACID BASE CONCEPT ** a. arehenius b. Lowry bronsted c. Lewis d. identify conjugate pairs** d.solved example
3. pH scale*** a. Numerical sheet
4. common ion effect*** a. statement b. examples c. solved example
5. Buffer solution*** a. statement b. examples d. previous years question
6. solubility products** a. statement b. SOLVED examples
7. acidic strength*** a. arranging in inc/dec order
8. Relation between Kp & Kc a. formula b. numericals
9. Ionisation contant of acid (Ka) and base (Kb) a. derivation b. Numerical
10. pKa and pKb a. formula b. numericals

1.State Le- Ans-It states that a change in any of the factors that determine the equilibrium conditions of a system will cause the
chatteliers system to change in such a manner so as
Type of effect or change Direction of equilibrium
principle to reduce or to counteract the effect of
Addition of more reactant Forward
the change.
Addition of more Product Backward
Increase in temp Toward endothermic reaction - fwd
Summary of Le-chatteliers Decrease in temp Toward exothermic reaction- backwd
principle Addition of catalyst No effect
Increase in pressure Toward lesser no of moles of gas
decrease in pressure Toward more no of moles of gas

2. Define Arrhenius acids. Ans- Arrhenius acids are the substances that ionize in water to form H+ ex-
HCl →H+ + Cl-
3. Write conjugate acids of H2O & NH3. Ans. H3O+& NH4+.
+
4. Out of H2O & H3O which is stronger acid? Ans. H3O+
5. Classify the following bases as strong and weak Ans:-strong base NaOH, KOH ;
bases: NaHCO3, NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2. weak bases NaHCO3,Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2.
6. The species: H2O, HCO3–, HSO4– and Species Conjugate acid Conjugate base
NH3can act both as Bronsted acids and H2O H3O+ OH-
bases. For each case give the corresponding HCO3 -
H2CO3 CO3 2-
conjugate acid and conjugate base.
HSO4 -
H2SO4 SO42-
NH3 NH4 +
NH2-
7. Explain Lewis acids and bases Lewis acids are lone pair (of e-) accepters while Lewis bases are lone pair donators. AlCl3 is a
with suitable examples. Lewis acid while NH3 is a Lewis base. Al= 13 2,8,3 Al… Cl. Cl. Cl.= 6+ ? /8
8. The concentration of hydrogen pH = – log [3.8 × 10 –3] “ pH = - log [H+] ” by - Sorenson
ion in a sample of soft drink is 3.8 – {log[3.8] + log[10–3]}
–3
× 10 M. What is its pH ? – {(0.58) + (– 3.0)} = – { – 2.42} = 2.42 acidic in nature.
9. if the H+ conc. Is 0.0001M. what is the pH? 0.0001 can be written as 1.0x10-4 since pH=-log[H+] pH=-4 or 4
10. if the H+ conc. Is 0.00001M. This can be written as 1.0x10-5 M, since pH=-log[H+] & pH+pOH=14
what is the OH- concentration? pH=-(-5) or pOH= 14-5=9
11. if the H+ concn. Is 0.00005M what is pH? Ans- pH= 4.3 ( do your self) (given log 5=0.699)
12. if the pH of soil is 4.7 4.7= -log[H+] .. 4.7=-(-5)-0.3 ( the -5 tells you the no of position to move the decimal point to the
what is the H+ conc. left of 10 0.3=2.0 [H+]= 0.00002M
13. what is common ion Suppression of ionization of weak electrolyte by adding a strong electrolyte having an ion common.
effect? explain CH3COOH(aq) ⇌H+(aq) + CH3COO (aq)3j –

HCl(aq) ⇌H+(aq) + Cl- (H+ is common)

14 Define BUFFER The solutions which resist change in pH on dilution or with the addition of small amounts of acid or
solution with alkali are called Buffer Solutions. Example- mixture of CH3COOH & CH3COONa
example. pH 4.75 acidic buffer and NH4+Cl and NH4+OH has pH 9.25 basic buffer.
15. what do you mean by solubility product? Product of the molar concentrations of the ions in a saturated
The values of Ksp of two sparingly soluble salts solution, each concentration term raised to the power equal to
–15 –17 the no. of ions produced.
Ni(OH)2 and AgCN are 2.0 × 10 and 6 × 10
respectively. Which salt is more soluble? Explain. Refer solved example pink box. 7.27
16. For the equilibrium,2NOCl(g) ⇌2NO(g) + ∆n
Cl2(g)the value of the equilibrium constant, Kc is 3.75 We know that,Kp= Kc(RT) for the rxn∆n= (2+1) – 2 = 1
–6
× 10 at 1069 K. Calculate the Kp for the reaction at –6
this temperature? Kp= 3.75 ×10 (0.0831 × 1069)
Kp= 0.033
Q.17 At 473 K, equilibrium constant Kc for decomposition of
Ans: (a)Kc=[PCl3][ Cl2]/ [ PCl5]
 -3
phosphorus pentachloride,PCl5 is 8.3 ×10 . If decomposition (b)120.48
is depicted as, PCl5 (g) ⇌PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g) ∆rH0= 124.0 kJ mol–1 (C) (i) equilibrium will shift on RHS
(a) Write an expression for Kc for the reaction.
(b) What is the value of Kc for the reverse reaction at the same (ii)equilibrium will shift on LHS
temperature? (iii) equilibrium will shift on RHS
c)what would be the effect on Kc if (i) more PCl5is added (ii)
pressure is increased(iii) the temperature is increased ?
q. 18 What is Kc for the following
equilibrium when the equilibrium
concentration of each substance is : [SO2] =
0.60 M, [O2] = 0.82 M and [SO3]= 1.90 M?
2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2SO3(g)

19. 2 At 450 K, Kp = 2.0 x 1010 /bar for

the given reaction at equilibrium.
2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) 2O3(g)
What is Kc at this temperature?

20. Calculate the

solubility of A2X3 in pure
water, assuming that
neither kind of ion reacts
with water. [The
solubility product of A2X3
,Ksp = 1.1 x 10–23]
21. Calculate the pH of a 1.0 [H3O+] from water = 10 – 7 M
x 10–8 M solution of HCl. [H3O+] from HCl = 1.0 x 10–8 M
Total [H3O+] = 10 – 7+ 10 – 8 = 10 – 7( 1 + 10 – 1) = 1.1 x 10 – 7 M
pH = - log[H3O+] = – log[1.1 X 10 –7] = – log1.1 + 7 log 10 = – 0.04139 + 7 = 6.958
22. The pH of a sample of pH = 3.76
vinegar is 3.76. Calculate pH = – log[H3O+] or 3.76 = – log[H3O+]
the concentration of log[H3O ] = 4. 24
+

hydrogen ion in it. [H3O+] = Antilog 4. 24 = 1.738 x 10 –4 M

23. Hydrolysis of sucrose
sucrose + water
Glucose + Fructose
Equilibrium constant Kc for
the reaction is 2 x 1013 at 300
K. Calculate G0 at 300 K.

24. The value of Kc for

the reaction:
3O2(g) 2O3(g)
is 2.0 x 10 –50 at 250C. If
the equilibrium conc. of
O2 in air at this temp, is
1.6 x 10 –2 , what is the
conc. of O3.

25. N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) a) 2NH3(g) N2 (g) + 3H2 (g)

2NH3(g) at 400 K, Kp = 49. Find b) ½ N2 (g) + 3/2 H2 (g) NH3(g)
the value of Kp for each of the Sol. (a) K’p = 1 / 49 = 0.02
following reactions at same temp. (b) K’’p = √ K p = √ 49 = 7
Hasin Ahmed
Dekho seekho jano
9425761832
TOPICS OF THE DAY STATUS & HOMEWORK FOR class 11 ( to be done in your copy)
1. Definition and its type Define equilibrium. Explain physical equilibrium.
2. Homogeneous V/S Heterogeneous Explain with example for Homogeneous & Heterogeneous equilibrium
equilibrium
3. Henry Law Statement and application
4. Law of mass action** a. statement b. examples c. solved example
5. Equilibrium constant*** a. statement b. examples d. previous years question
6. Relation b/n Kp & Kc** Qc a. statement b. SOLVED examples
7. Numericals a. 7.1, 7.2, 7.7, etc

1. Definition and its typeEquilibrium is defined as condition in which the rate of forward reaction is equal to rate of
backward reaction. It is of two type physical and chemical eg. solid ⇌ liquid (physical)
NH4Cl (solid) ⇌ NH4Cl (vapour) – physical
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) - chemical
2. Homogeneous V/S It depends on State? Solid/liquid/gas
Heterogeneous equilibrium N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) (Homogeneous) states are same…

CaCO3 (s) ⇌ CaO (s) + CO (g) (Heterogeneous) states are diffferent

2

3. Henry Law Cold drinks – में CO2 गैस का concept

CO2(gas) ⇌CO2(in solution)
This equilibrium is governed by Henry’s law, which states that the mass of a gas
dissolved in a given mass of a solvent at any temperature is proportional to the pressure of the gas above
the solvent.

4. Law of mass action**
At a given temperature, the product of concentrations of the reaction products
raised to the respective stoichiometric coefficient in the balanced chemical
equation divided by the product of concentrations of the reactants raised to
their individual stoichiometric coefficients has a constant value.
This is known as the Equilibrium Law or Law of Chemical Equilibrium.

H2 + I2 ⇌ 2 HI के लिए
Kc = [HI(g)]2 / [H2(g)] [I2(g)]
The subscript ‘c’ indicates that Kc is expressed in concentrations of mol L–1.
5. Equilibrium constant***
( hope you will do it your self)

KC
6. Relation b/n Kp & Kc** Qc
∆n
Kp= Kc(RT)
7. Numericals Must to with pen
Intext questions 7.1, 7,2,7.3, 7.4 ,
Exercise question 7.13 ,