Revision Notes

Class 6 Mathematics
Chapter 7 – Fractions

What have we discussed?

o A fraction is a number that represents a portion of something larger.
o A single object or a group of objects might make up the whole.
o It is necessary to guarantee that all parts are equal when stating a circumstance of
counting components to write a fraction.
8
o As in example , the numerator in this equation is 8 and the denominator is 3 .
3

Fraction on the Number Line:

o A number line can be used to display fractions.
o Every fraction has a number line point connected with it.
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o For example, how can we on a number line?
7
Solution:
9 9
The value of is 1.23 which means that lies between 1 and 2 . We can show
7 7
this on a number is as follows;

Like fractions are those that have the same denominator.

9 5 1
For example, , , are the like fractions.
30 30 30
Unlike fractions are fractions having different denominators.
3 2 8
For example, , , are the unlike fractions.
56 30 5

Proper Fraction:
o A proper fraction is a fraction that represents a portion of a whole.
o The numerator of a proper fraction is less than the denominator.

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 3 7 6
o For example, , , are the proper fractions.
5 30 5

Improper Fraction:
o Improper fractions are those in which the numerator is higher than the
denominator.
o When an improper fraction is stated as a mixture of a whole and a part, it is
referred to as a mixed fraction.
o There are several equivalent fractions for each right or improper fraction.
o A mixed fraction can be expressed as an incorrect fraction in the following way:
 Whole × Denominator  + Numerator
Denominator
2 1 7
o For example, 4 ,3 ,12 are the improper fractions.
5 9 8
We can multiply or divide both the numerator and the denominator of a given
fraction by the same number to discover an equal fraction.
14
For example, Equivalent fraction of is;
56
14 14  14

56 56  14
14 1

56 4

If the numerator and denominator of a fraction have no common factor except 1 , it

is said to be in the simplest (or lowest) form.
When adding or subtracting fractions, the LCM of the denominators is selected
as the common denominator.

Comparing unlike fractions:

o The fraction with the greater numerator is greater when two fractions have
the same denominator.
9 4
For example, if we compare and fractions, we can conclude that
3 3
9 4

3 3
That is
9 4
 
3 3
 3  1.33

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o When the numerator is the same in two fractions then, the fraction with the
smaller denominator is greater of the two.
7 7 7 7
For example, if we compare and fractions, we can conclude that 
6 3 6 3
That is
7 7
 
6 3
 1.16  2.33

How do we add or subtract mixed fractions?

o Mixed fractions can be expressed as a whole portion plus a proper fraction or as
an improper fraction in its entirety.
o One method of adding (or subtracting) mixed fractions is to do the operation
separately for each of the whole parts.
o The alternative method is to write the mixed fractions as improper fractions
and then add (or subtract) them directly.
o Example:
2 1
4  3 , We will solve the given example by applying both the methods.
3 4
Solution:
Method I :

2 1 2 1
4 +3 = 4+ +3+
3 4 3 4
2 1 2 1
4 +3 = 7+ + ----- 1
3 4 3 4

Here,

2 1 2×4 1×3
+ = +
3 4 3×4 4×3
8 3
= +
12 12
11
=
12
11
can be written as;
12

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 11 12-1
=
12 12
1
=1-
12

Therefore, equation 1 becomes,

2 1 1
7+ + = 7 + 1-
3 4 12
1
=8-
12

=
12×8  - 1
12
Therefore,

2 1 96 - 1
7+ + =
3 4 12
2 1 95
7+ + =
3 4 12

Method II :

2 1
4 +3
3 4

2
4 can be written as
3
2  4  3  2
4 
3 3
2 12  2
4 
3 3
2 14
4 
3 3

1
3 can be written as
4

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 1 3  4  1
3 
4 4
1 12  1
3 
4 4
1 13
3 
4 4

Therefore,

2 1 14 13
7+ + = +
3 4 3 4

=
14×4  + 13×3
 3×4 
56+39
=
12

Since,
 LCM of 3 and 4 = 12 
Therefore,
2 1 95
7+ + =
3 4 12

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