Module-5

Power Amplifiers: Amplifier terms, Two load lines, Class A Operation, Class B
operation, Class B push pull emitter follower, Class C Operation.

Thyristors: The four layer Diode, SCR, SCR Phase control, Bidirectional
Thyristors, IGBTs, Other Thyristors.
Four Types of Negative Feedback
• Classes of Operation
Four Types of Negative Feedback
• Types of Coupling

• Ranges of Frequency
• Signal Levels
Two Load Lines

a) VDB amplifier; (b) dc load line; (c) ac equivalent circuit; (d) ac load line.
Two Load Lines
Class A Operation
 Class A Operation
Output Power

maximum output power is:

Transistor Power Dissipation

Efficiency
Class B Operation

Class B push-pull amplifier

 Class B Push-Pull Emitter Follower

Class B push-pull emitter follower: (a) complete circuit; (a) DC and ac load lines; (b) ac equivalent circuit.
(b) dc equivalent circuit
Class B Push-Pull Emitter Follower
Class B Push-Pull Emitter Follower
Class C Operation

(a) Tuned class C amplifier;

(b) voltage gain versus frequency;
(c) dc equivalent circuit is unbiased;
(d) two load lines;
(e) ac equivalent circuit.
Class C Operation

(a) Input signal is negatively clamped at

base;
(b) collector current flows in pulses;
(c) ac collector circuit;
(d) collector voltage waveform.
The Four-Layer Diode
Transistor latch
The Silicon Controlled Rectifier
The Silicon Controlled Rectifier
The Silicon Controlled Rectifier
SCR Phase Control
 SCR Phase Control
To determine the voltage across the capacitor, use the following steps:
Bidirectional Thyristors
Bidirectional Thyristors
IBGTs
Other Thyristors
Photo-SCR
Other Thyristors
Gate-Controlled Switch
Other Thyristors
Silicon Controlled Switch
Other Thyristors
Unijunction Transistor
Other Thyristors
programmable unijunction transistor (PUT)