CHEMISTRY PRACTICAL PPT.

METHODS OF
PURIFICATION
DISTILLATION
 INTRODUCTION
NAME- MANIK MAURYA
CLASS- 11
SECTION- S1
ROLL NO.- 21
SUBJECT- CHEMISRTY(ORGANIC)
TOPIC- DISTILLATION PURIFICATION
SUBMITTED TO- RESPECTED, Mr. SHAILENDRA SINGH
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all those
who contributed to the successful completion of this
chemistry practical project. Special thanks to my
dedicated teacher and mentor Sir Shailendra Singh for
their unwavering support and collaborative efforts
throughout the experimental process. I am also thankful
for the resources and facilities provided by the laboratory
staff, which greatly facilitated our experiments.
Additionally, I acknowledge the assistance received from
fellow classmates and friends who offered valuable
suggestions and feedback.
Finally, I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to my
family for their encouragement and understanding
during the project. This journey would not have been
possible without the collective support of everyone
involved. Thank You
 FRACTIONAL
CH3OH,
CH3COCH3,
SIMPLE CRUDE OIL, ETC.
DEFINITION C6H6,
THE PROCESS OF HEATING OF LIQUID INTO VAPOUR
C6H5CH3,
AND THEN COOLING THE VAPOURS BACK INTO THE
C2H5OH, ETC. UNDER REDUCED
LIQUID STATE IS CALLED AS DISTILLATION. PRESSURE
IT CAN BE CLASSIFIED INTO 4 CATEGORIES: GLYCEROL
STEAM (CONC. OF SUGAR)
MIX OF ORTHO
NITROPHENOL &
PARA NITROPHENOL
TYPES OF DISTILLATION
PURIFICATION
METHODS:

01 FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION

02 DISTILLATION UNDER REDUCED

PRESSURE

03 STEAM DISTILLATION
FRACTIONAL
DISTILLATION
Fractional distillation is a process that separates a
mixture into its component parts, or fractions. The
process uses distillation to fractionate.
Fractional distillation is used in petroleum refineries,
petrochemical and chemical plants, and natural gas
processing plants. A common example of fractional
distillation in industries is the separation of various
components of crude oil. The order of separation is
determined by the boiling points of each component
in the mixture.
the steps of fractional distillation:
1. Evaporation: Heat the crude oil until it evaporates.
2. Condensation: The temperature is highest at the
bottom of the column.
3. Collection: Collect the fractions.
DISTILLATION UNDER
REDUCED PRESSURE
Distillation under reduced pressure, also known as
vacuum distillation, is a technique that separates
compounds based on their boiling points. It's used to
purify compounds that are difficult to distill at normal
pressures, or to save time and energy.
Distillation under reduced pressure works:
1. A water aspirator or mechanical pump reduces
the pressure.
2. The boiling points of liquids decrease at reduced
pressure.
3. Organic compounds can be distilled at lower
temperatures.
4. The liquid boils at a temperature lower than its
boiling point.
5. The liquid doesn't degrade as it would otherwise.
 STEAM DISTILLATION
METHOD
Steam distillation is a process that separates water
from other volatile and non-volatile components. It's
a continuous distillation process that's useful for
removing temperature-sensitive solutes, like natural
aromatic compounds. Steam distillation involves
passing dry steam through plant material. The
volatile compounds in the steam are then volatilized,
condensed, and collected in receivers.
Steam distillation is a traditional technology for
extracting essential oils. It's also a method for
separating miscible liquid bases based on their
volatilities.
Steam distillation is an alternative method for
achieving distillation at temperatures lower than the
normal boiling point.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

WIKIPEDIA RESEARCH PAPER

NCERT CLASS 11
ON METHODS OF
TEXTBOOK FOR
PURIFICATION OF ORGANICE
CHEMISTRY PART 2
COMPOUNDS.

CHAT GPT
M.S. CHAUHAN ORGANIC OPEN AI EDUCATION TOOL
CHEMISRTY FOR CLASS 11TH, CANVA PRESENTATION
TEXTBOOK OF GOC. EDITOR AND MS POWEROINT
THANK YOU!