2017 ɪ., ȼɢɩ.

52 (105)

ɍȾɄ 378:373.3+7.011
Ⱥ ȼ ɄɈȼȱɇɖɄɈ
ɚɫɩɿɪɚɧɬ
ɏɚɪɤɿɜɫɶɤɢɣɧɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɢɣɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɱɧɢɣɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬɿɦ Ƚ ɋ ɋɤɨɜɨɪɨɞɢ

ɋɍɌɖɉɈɇəɌɌə³ɌȼɈɊɑɂɃɉɈɌȿɇɐȱȺɅɒɄɈɅəɊȺ´
ɍ ɫɬɚɬɬɿ ɜɢɫɜɿɬɥɟɧɨɧɚɭɤɨɜɿ ɩɨɝɥɹɞɢ ɧɚ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɨɤ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɫɬɿ ɬɚ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨ ɩɨ
ɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭɲɤɨɥɹɪɚɊɨɡɤɪɢɬɨɫɭɬɶɩɨɧɹɬɶ³ɬɜɨɪɱɿɫɬɶ´³ɬɜɨɪɱɚɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ´ɿ³ɬɜɨɪ
ɱɢɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥ ɲɤɨɥɹɪɚ´ Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɞɟɮɿɧɿɰɿʀ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɫɬɿ ɡ ɩɨɡɢɰɿɣ ɮɿɥɨɫɨɮɿʀ
ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɤɢ Ɂɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɨ ɳɨ ɫɟɪɟɞ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜ ɬɜɨɪɱɢɯ ɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ
ɭɱɟɧɿɜɢɨɤɪɟɦɥɸɸɬɶɬɜɨɪɱɟɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹ ɬɚɬɜɨɪɱɭɭɹɜɭɩɨɽɞɧɚɧɧɹɭɜɚɠɧɨɫɬɿɱɭɬɥɢ
ɜɨɫɬɿɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɿɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɚɦ¶ɹɬɿ ɭɹɜɢ ɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹ ɲɜɢɞɤɿɫɬɶ ɞɭɦɤɢʀʀ
ɝɧɭɱɤɿɫɬɶ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ ɿ ɮɚɧɬɚɫɬɢɱɧɿɫɬɶ ɞɨɩɢɬɥɢɜɿɫɬɶ ɡɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɞɢɜɭɜɚɬɢɫɹ ɣ
ɩɿɡɧɚɜɚɬɢ ɡɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɪɢɡɢɤɭɜɚɬɢ ɫɩɪɢɣɦɚɬɢ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɿ ɪɟɱɿ ɪɨɡɜɢɧɟɧɭ ɿɧɬɭʀɰɿɸ
Ʉɨɧɤɪɟɬɢɡɨɜɚɧɨ ɧɚɭɤɨɜɨ-ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɧɿ ɩɿɞɯɨɞɢ ɳɨɞɨ ɫɤɥɚɞɨɜɢɯ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭ
ɲɤɨɥɹɪɚ
Ʉɥɸɱɨɜɿɫɥɨɜɚ ɧɚɜɱɚɧɧɹɲɤɨɥɹɪɪɨɡɜɢɬɨɤɬɜɨɪɱɿɫɬɶɬɜɨɪɱɢɣɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥ x
Ⱥɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭ
ɲɤɨɥɹɪɚɡɭɦɨɜɥɟɧɚɧɚɫɚɦɩɟɪɟɞɧɚɹɜɧɿɫɬɸɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɨʀɩɨɬɪɟɛɢɭɜɢɤɨɪɢɫ
ɬɚɧɧɿʀʀɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɣɧɢɯɪɟɫɭɪɫɿɜɹɤɨɫɧɨɜɧɨʀɫɢɥɢɭɜɢɪɿɲɟɧɧɿɡɚɜɞɚɧɶɪɨɡɜɢɬ
ɤɭ ɬɜɨɪɱɢɯ ɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɿ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ Ɉɛʉɪɭɧɬɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɬɚ ɩɨɞɚɥɶɲɟ ɞɨɫɥɿ
ɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɩɨɜ¶ɹɡɚɧɨʀ ɡ ɪɨɡɭɦɿɧɧɹɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɿɤɢ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɫɬɿ ɫɭɬɿ
ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢ ɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɢ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭ ɲɤɨɥɹɪɚ ɞɚɽ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɿɫɬɶ ɝɥɢɛ
ɲɟ ɪɨɡɤɪɢɬɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɿɡɦ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɹ ɣ ɪɟɚɥɿɡɚɰɿʀ ɣɨɝɨ ɬɜɨɪɱɢɯ ɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ
Ɍɜɨɪɱɢɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥ ɽ ɜɚɠɥɢɜɢɦ ɧɚɞɛɚɧɧɹɦ ɹɤ ɫɭɫɩɿɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɝɚɥɨɦ ɬɚɤ ɿ
ɨɤɪɟɦɨʀɥɸɞɢɧɢɳɨɞɚɽɦɨɠɥɢɜɿɫɬɶɟɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɜɢɪɿɲɭɜɚɬɢɣɫɭɬɨɩɪɚɤɬɢ
ɱɧɿɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹɩɨɜ¶ɹɡɚɧɿɡɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɦɥɸɞɫɶɤɨɝɨɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭɜɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ
ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨɝɨɫɭɫɩɿɥɶɫɬɜɚ
ɍ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɿ ɧɚɲɨɝɨ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɡɚɭɜɚɠɢɦɨ ɳɨ ɡɧɚɱɧɢɣ ɜɧɟɫɨɤ ɭ
ɜɢɪɿɲɟɧɧɿɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢɜɢɹɜɥɟɧɧɹɜɢɜɱɟɧɧɹɣɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭ
ɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿɧɚɥɟɠɢɬɶɬɚɤɢɦɜɿɞɨɦɢɦɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɢɦɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɚɦɿɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɚɦ
ɹɤ Ⱦ Ȼɨɝɨɹɜɥɟɧɫɶɤɚ Ʌ ȼɢɝɨɬɫɶɤɢɣ ɉ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɿɧ ȼ Ⱦɚɜɢɞɨɜ ȼ Ⱦɪɭɠɢ-
ɧɿɧ Ƚ Ʉɨɫɬɸɤ ɇ Ʌɟɣɬɟɫ Ɉ Ʌɟɨɧɬɶɽɜ Ɉ Ɇɚɬɸɲɤɿɧ ȼ Ɇɨɥɹɤɨ Ⱥ ɉɟɬ-
ɪɨɜɫɶɤɢɣə ɉɨɧɨɦɚɪɶɨɜɋ Ɋɭɛɿɧɲɬɟɣɧɬɚɿɧɚɬɚɤɨɠɡɚɪɭɛɿɠɧɢɦɞɨɫɥɿ
ɞɧɢɤɚɦ Ƚ Ⱥɣɡɟɧɤɭ Ⱥ Ȼɿɧɟ Ⱦ ȼɟɤɫɥɟɪɭ Ⱦɠ Ƚɿɥɮɨɪɞɭ ɀ Ƚɨɞɮɪɭɚ
ɀ ɉɿɚɠɟɑ ɋɩɿɪɦɟɧɭɊ ɋɬɟɪɧɛɟɪɝɭȿ ɉ Ɍɨɪɪɟɧɫɭɬɚɿɧ
Ɇɟɬɚɫɬɚɬɬɿ– ɜɢɡɧɚɱɢɬɢɫɭɬɶɩɨɧɹɬɬɹ³ɬɜɨɪɱɢɣɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɲɤɨɥɹ
ɪɚ´ɬɚɫɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɜɚɬɢɣɨɝɨɫɤɥɚɞɨɜɿ
ɍ ɩɟɪɲɿɣ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɿ ɏɏ ɫɬ ɪɨɡɩɨɱɢɧɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɚɧɚɥɿɡ ɨɤɪɟɦɢɯ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɿɜ
ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭ Ʌ ȼɢɝɨɬɫɶɤɢɣ >@ Ɉ. Ʌɭɤ >@ ɋ Ɋɭɛɿɧ-
ɲɬɟɣɧ>@ɬɚɿɧ ɋɢɫɬɟɦɧɢɣɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɧɢɣɪɨɡɝɥɹɞɰɶɨɝɨɩɢɬɚɧɧɹɞɚɽɡɦɨɝɭ
ɿɧɬɟɧɫɢɮɿɤɭɜɚɬɢɣɨɝɨɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɧɟɨɛʉɪɭɧɬɭɜɚɧɧɹɜɢɛɭɞɭɜɚɬɢɩɟɜɧɿɧɚɭɤɨɜɿ
ɬɟɨɪɿʀ ɬɚ ɝɿɩɨɬɟɡɢ ɉɿɫɥɹ -ɯ ɪɪ ɿɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɧɢɤɿɜ ɞɨ ɡɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɯ ɩɢ

© Ʉɨɜɿɧɶɤɨ Ⱥ ȼ

391
ISSN 1992-5786. ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɤɚɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɧɧɹɬɜɨɪɱɨʀɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿɭɜɢɳɿɣɿɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɨɫɜɿɬɧɿɣɲɤɨɥɚɯ

ɬɚɧɶɩɨɫɬɭɩɨɜɨɡɦɟɧɲɭɽɬɶɫɹɯɨɱɚɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɧɶɨɪɨɡɪɨɛɥɟɧɢɦɢɡɚɥɢɲɢɥɢɫɹ
ɤɪɢɬɟɪɿʀɬɜɨɪɱɨɫɬɿɬɜɨɪɱɨʀɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿɬɨɳɨ
ɍ-ɯ ɪɪɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɶɤɢɣɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝȾɠ Ƚɿɥɮɨɪɞɜɜɨɞɢɬɶɭɧɚɭɤɨ
ɜɢɣɨɛɿɝɩɨɧɹɬɬɹɤɪɟɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿɹɤɭɜɿɧɬɪɚɤɬɭɽɹɤɜɢɳɢɣɩɪɨɰɟɫɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹ
ɳɨɩɟɪɟɜɢɳɭɽɥɨɝɿɱɧɟɣɪɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶɧɟɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹɬɚɡɚɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɣɧɚɩɪɨɬɢɥɟ
ɠɧɨɫɬɿɤɨɧɜɟɪɝɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɨɞɧɨɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɟɥɨɝɿɱɧɟ ɣɞɢɜɟɪɝɟɧɬɧɨɝɨ ɪɿɡɧɨ
ɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɟɚɥɨɝɿɱɧɟ ɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹ>@
ɍɰɟɣɩɟɪɿɨɞɜɢɞɚɬɧɢɣɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɢɣɩɟɞɚɝɨɝȼ ɋɭɯɨɦɥɢɧɫɶɤɢɣɜɢɫɭ
ɧɭɜɬɟɡɭɩɪɨɬɟɳɨɛɟɡɭɱɢɬɟɥɹɡɞɚɬɧɨɝɨɞɨɮɚɧɬɚɡɿʀɭɹɜɢɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨɦɢɫ
ɥɟɧɧɹ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟ ɿɫɧɭɜɚɬɢ ɠɨɞɧɚ ɲɤɨɥɚ ɜ ɬɨɦɭ ɱɢɫɥɿ ɣ ɜɢɳɚ ȼ ɋɭɯɨ-
ɦɥɢɧɫɶɤɢɣɪɨɡɝɥɹɞɚɜɝɭɦɚɧɿɫɬɢɱɧɿɜɡɚɽɦɢɧɢɳɨɦɚɸɬɶɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɬɢɫɬɨɫɭɧ
ɤɢɨɫɨɛɢɣɤɨɥɟɤɬɢɜɭɭɡɜ¶ɹɡɤɭɡɿɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɸɥɸɞɫɶɤɨɝɨɫɜɿɬɨɝɥɹɞɭɡɜɟɪ
ɬɚɸɱɢɭɜɚɝɭɧɚɪɨɡɤɪɢɬɬɹɬɚɫɬɜɟɪɞɠɟɧɧɹɫɢɥɿɬɜɨɪɱɢɯɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɟɣɥɸɞɢ
ɧɢ ɩɪɨɛɭɞɠɟɧɧɹ ʀʀ ɿɧɞɢɜɿɞɭɚɥɶɧɨʀ ɧɟɩɨɜɬɨɪɧɨɫɬɿ ɬɜɨɪɱɨʀ ɫɚɦɨɛɭɬɧɨɫɬɿ ɣ
ɫɚɦɨɫɬɿɣɧɨɫɬɿ>@
Ɉɬɠɟ ɡɝɿɞɧɨ ɡ ɦɟɬɨɸ ɧɚɲɨɝɨ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ɡ¶ɹɫɭɽɦɨ ɫɭɬɶ ɩɨɧɹɬɬɹ
³ɬɜɨɪɱɢɣɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥ´
³ɉɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥ´ ɜɿɞ ɥɚɬ SRWHQWLD – ɫɢɥɚ ɚɧɝɥ – SRWHQWLDO ɧɿɦ – kon-
VXPLVPXV ɭɫɥɨɜɧɢɤɚɯ>@ɬɪɚɤɬɭɽɬɶɫɹɹɤɪɟɫɭɪɫɡɚɪɹɞɡɚɩɚɫɪɟɡɟɪɜ
ɜɧɭɬɪɿɲɧɿɣɠɢɬɬɽɜɢɣ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɿɬɨɳɨɋɥɨɜɧɢɤɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨʀɦɨɜɢɡɚɡɚ
ɝɚɥɶɧɨɸ ɪɟɞɚɤɰɿɽɸ ȱ Ȼɿɥɨɞɿɞɚ ɩɨɞɚɽ ɞɟɤɿɥɶɤɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɶ ɫɥɨɜɚ ³ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥ´
ɨɞɧɟɡɹɤɢɯ– ɩɪɹɦɟ– ɫɬɨɫɭɽɬɶɫɹɣɨɝɨɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɧɹɜɫɩɟɰɿɚɥɶɧɢɯɝɚɥɭɡɹɯ
ɧɚɭɤ ɮɿɡɢɤɚɬɟɯɧɿɤɚɬɨɳɨ ɚɿɧɲɿ– ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɧɿ– ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶɞɥɹɩɨɡ
ɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɫɭɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɿɜɫɿɯɧɚɹɜɧɢɯɡɚɫɨɛɿɜɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɢɯɫɢɥ
ɬɨɳɨ ɳɨ ɦɨɠɭɬɶ ɛɭɬɢ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɿ ɜ ɩɟɜɧɿɣ ɝɚɥɭɡɿ ɞɿɥɹɧɰɿ ɫɮɟɪɿ ɡɚɩɚɫɭ
ɱɨɝɨ-ɧɟɛɭɞɶɪɟɡɟɪɜɭɩɪɢɯɨɜɚɧɢɯɡɞɚɬɧɨɫɬɟɣɫɢɥɞɥɹɹɤɨʀ-ɧɟɛɭɞɶɞɿɹɥɶɧɨ
ɫɬɿɳɨɦɨɠɭɬɶɜɢɹɜɢɬɢɫɹɡɚɩɟɜɧɢɯɭɦɨɜ>ɫ 402].
ɉɨɧɹɬɬɹɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭɞɨɫɢɬɶɞɟɬɚɥɶɧɨɪɨɡɪɨɛɥɟɧɨɜɩɫɢɯɨɥɨ
ɝɿɱɧɿɣ ɧɚɭɰɿ ȿɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɢɱɧɢɣ ɫɥɨɜɧɢɤ ɿɡ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɬɚ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɤɢ ɩɨɞɚɽ
ɜɢɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭ ɹɤ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɭ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɢɿɧɬɟɥɟɤɬɭ ɳɨ ɯɚɪɚɤ
ɬɟɪɢɡɭɽɬɶɫɹɧɨɜɢɡɧɨɸɜɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɿɬɚɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɶɧɿɫɬɸɩɪɢɜɢɪɿɲɟɧɧɿɡɚɜɞɚɧɶ
>@ ɋɯɨɠɨʀ ɞɭɦɤɢ ɞɨɬɪɢɦɭɽɬɶɫɹ Ⱥ Ȼɨɝɭɲ ɜɜɚɠɚɸɱɢ ɬɜɨɪɱɢɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɧɨɸ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɨɸ ɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿ ɳɨ ɞɚɽ ʀɣ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɿɫɬɶ ɬɜɨɪɢɬɢ
ɡɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɢɧɨɜɟɩɪɢɣɦɚɬɢɪɿɲɟɧɧɹɬɚɞɿɹɬɢɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɶɧɨɣɧɟɫɬɚɧɞɚɪɬɧɨɜ
ɪɿɡɧɢɯɫɢɬɭɚɰɿɹɯ>@ȼ Ɇɨɥɹɤɨɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽɬɜɨɪɱɢɣɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɹɤɪɟɫɭɪɫɬɜɨ
ɪɱɢɯ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣ ɥɸɞɢɧɢ ɡɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨʀ ɥɸɞɢɧɢ ɞɨ ɡɞɿɣɫɧɟɧɧɹ
ɬɜɨɪɱɢɯɞɿɣɬɜɨɪɱɨʀɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ>@Ⱦ Ȼɨɝɨɹɜɥɟɧɫɶɤɚ>@ɡɚɡɧɚɱɚɽɳɨɬɜɨɪ
ɱɢɣɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥʉɪɭɧɬɭɽɬɶɫɹɩɟɪɟɞɭɫɿɦɧɚɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɢɯɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɹɯɹɤɧɚɝɨɥɨ
ɜɧɨɦɭɜɢɪɿɲɚɥɶɧɨɦɭɚɫɩɟɤɬɿ
ɉɨɧɹɬɬɹ ³ɬɜɨɪɱɿɫɬɶ´ ɹɤ ɰɿɧɧɿɫɬɶ ɪɨɡɝɥɹɞɚɽ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɢɣ ɚɤɚɞɟɦɿɤ
Ⱥ Ȼɨɝɭɲɹɤɢɣɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽʀʀɩɪɨɜɿɞɧɟɦɿɫɰɟɫɟɪɟɞɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɯɜɢɯɨɜɧɢɯɰɿɧɧɨ
ɫɬɟɣ ɬɚ ɜɛɚɱɚɽ ɜ ɧɿɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɿɡɦ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɢ ɚ ɝɨɥɨɜɧɢɦ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɨɦ
ɰɶɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɭɧɚɡɢɜɚɽɞɭɯɨɜɧɿɫɬɶ>@ɚɬɚɤɨɠɜɤɚɡɭɽɧɚɬɿɫɧɢɣɡɜ¶ɹɡɨɤɦɿɠ
ɩɨɧɹɬɬɹɦɢ ³ɬɜɨɪɱɿɫɬɶ´ – ³ɰɿɧɧɿɫɬɶ´ – ³ɞɭɯɨɜɧɿɫɬɶ´ – ³ɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɿɫɬɶ´ ɇɚ ʀʀ

392
 2017 ɪ., ȼɢɩ. 52 (105)

ɞɭɦɤɭɬɜɨɪɱɿɫɬɶɜɢɹɜɥɹɽɬɶɫɹɜɭɫɿɯɫɮɟɪɚɯɠɢɬɬɽɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿɽɫɜɨɽɪɿɞɧɢɦ
ɿɧɬɟɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨ-ɱɭɬɬɽɜɢɦɫɬɚɧɨɦɳɨɩɪɨɬɿɤɚɽɧɚɩɨɡɢɬɢɜɧɨɦɭɬɥɿɩɨɜɟɞɿɧ
ɤɢɣɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɽɥɸɞɢɧɭɹɤɰɿɥɿɫɧɭɞɭɯɨɜɧɨɪɨɡɜɢɧɟɧɭɨɫɨɛɭ>@ɋɟɪɟɞ
ɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɯɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɿɜɬɜɨɪɱɢɯɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɟɣɭɱɟɧɿɜɢɨɤɪɟɦɥɸɸɬɶɬɜɨɪɱɟɦɢ
ɫɥɟɧɧɹ ɬɚ ɬɜɨɪɱɭ ɭɹɜɭ Ƚ Ⱥɥɶɬɲɭɥɥɟɪ Ʌ ȼɢɝɨɬɫɶɤɢɣ ȼ Ⱦɪɭɠɢɧɿɧ
Ⱥ ɉɟɬɪɨɜɫɶɤɢɣ ɩɨɽɞɧɚɧɧɹɭɜɚɠɧɨɫɬɿɱɭɬɥɢɜɨɫɬɿɫɩɨɫɬɟɪɟɠɥɢɜɨɫɬɿɨɫɨ
ɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɟɣɩɚɦ¶ɹɬɿɭɹɜɢɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹ ɲɢɪɨɬɚɝɥɢɛɢɧɚɬɚɡɪɨɡɭɦɿɥɿɫɬɶɞɭɦɤɢ
ʀʀɩɨɫɥɿɞɨɜɧɿɫɬɶɫɚɦɨɫɬɿɣɧɿɫɬɶɤɪɢɬɢɱɧɿɫɬɶɫɜɨɛɨɞɚɜɿɞɲɚɛɥɨɧɧɢɯɫɩɨɫɨ
ɛɿɜɜɢɪɿɲɭɜɚɧɧɹɡɚɜɞɚɧɶ  Ƚ Ʉɨɫɬɸɤ ɲɜɢɞɤɿɫɬɶɞɭɦɤɢʀʀɝɧɭɱɤɿɫɬɶɨɪɢ
ɝɿɧɚɥɶɧɿɫɬɶɿɮɚɧɬɚɫɬɢɱɧɿɫɬɶɞɨɩɢɬɥɢɜɿɫɬɶɡɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɶɞɢɜɭɜɚɬɢɫɹɣɩɿɡɧɚɜɚ
ɬɢ Ⱦ Ȼɨɝɨɹɜɥɟɧɫɶɤɚ Ⱦɠ Ƚɿɥɮɨɪɞ  ɡɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɪɢɡɢɤɭɜɚɬɢ ɫɩɪɢɣɦɚɬɢ ɧɟ
ɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɿɪɟɱɿɪɨɡɜɢɧɟɧɚɿɧɬɭʀɰɿɹ Ɍ Ȼɨɝɞɚɧɨɜɚ 
ɇɚɩɿɞɫɬɚɜɿɜɢɤɥɚɞɟɧɨɝɨɬɜɨɪɱɢɣɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɦɨɠɧɚɜɢɡɧɚɱɢɬɢɹɤɿɧɬɟ
ɝɪɚɬɢɜɧɭɜɥɚɫɬɢɜɿɫɬɶɳɨɮɨɪɦɭɽɬɶɫɹɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɿɡɚɞɚɬɤɿɜɭɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɜɡɚɽɦɨɞɿʀ
ɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿɡ ɧɚɜɤɨɥɢɲɧɿɦɫɟɪɟɞɨɜɢɳɟɦɿɽɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭʀʀɩɫɢɯɿ
ɱɧɢɯɩɪɨɰɟɫɿɜɬɚɭɦɨɜɨɸɭɫɩɿɲɧɨʀɠɢɬɬɽɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ>@
Ɉɬɠɟɚɧɚɥɿɡɧɚɭɤɨɜɨʀɥɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɢɞɚɽɩɿɞɫɬɚɜɢɫɬɜɟɪɞɠɭɜɚɬɢɳɨɬɜɨ
ɪɱɿɫɬɶɦɚɽɩɨɞɜɿɣɧɢɣɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɢɣɚɫɩɟɤɬɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɿɫɧɢɣɿɩɪɨɰɟɫɭɚɥɶɧɢɣ
ȼɨɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɚɽ ɧɚɹɜɧɿɫɬɶ ɜ ɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɧɢɯ ɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɦɨɬɢɜɚ
ɰɿʀɡɧɚɧɶɿɜɦɿɧɶɡɚɜɞɹɤɢɹɤɢɦɿɫɬɜɨɪɸɽɬɶɫɹɬɜɨɪɱɢɣɩɪɨɞɭɤɬȼɢɜɱɟɧɧɹ
ɰɢɯɜɥɚɫɬɢɜɨɫɬɟɣɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿɜɢɹɜɥɹɽɜɚɠɥɢɜɭɪɨɥɶɭɹɜɢɧɟɫɜɿɞɨɦɢɯɤɨɦ
ɩɨɧɟɧɬɿɜɪɨɡɭɦɨɜɨʀɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿɚɬɚɤɨɠɩɨɬɪɟɛɭ ɫɚɦɨɚɤɬɭɚɥɿɡɚɰɿʀ
Ⱦ Ȼɨɝɨɹɜɥɟɧɫɶɤɚ ɩɪɨɩɨɧɭɽ ɿɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɭɜɚɬɢ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɭ ɬɜɨɪɱɨʀ ɩɪɨɞɭ
ɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɧɟ ɜɞɚɸɱɢɫɶ ɜɡɚɝɚɥɿ ɞɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɬɹ ɬɜɨɪɱɨʀ ɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɿ ɹɤ ɞɨ ɩɨɹɫ
ɧɸɜɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɭ >@ Ɋɨɡɤɪɢɬɬɹ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɿɣɧɨɝɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɨ
ɜɧɟɧɧɹɦɟɯɚɧɿɡɦɭɬɜɨɪɱɨɫɬɿɫɬɚɽɦɨɠɥɢɜɢɦɥɢɲɟɩɪɢɪɨɡɝɥɹɞɿɮɟɧɨɦɟɧɚ
ɬɜɨɪɱɨɫɬɿ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɭɚɥɶɧɨɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɧɿɣ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɿ ɧɟ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɿɱɧɚ
ɬɜɨɪɱɚ  ɡɞɿɛɧɿɫɬɶ ɚ ɩɨɡɢɰɿɹ ɫɭɛ¶ɽɤɬɚ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɿɫɬɶ
ɬɜɨɪɱɢɯ ɞɨɫɹɝɧɟɧɶ ȼ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ʀʀ ɟɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨ-ɞɨɫɥɿɞɧɢɰɶɤɨʀ ɪɨɛɨɬɢ
ɩɨɤɥɚɞɟɧɨɿɞɟʀɬɟɨɪɿʀɪɨɡɜɢɜɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɧɚɜɱɚɧɧɹȼ Ⱦɚɜɢɞɨɜɚ>@ɹɤɢɣɧɚɞɚ
ɜɚɜɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɝɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɧɧɸɦɨɪɚɥɶɧɨʀɫɮɟɪɢɣɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɨɪɝɚ
ɧɿɡɚɰɿʀɪɨɡɜɢɜɚɥɶɧɨɝɨɧɚɜɱɚɧɧɹɉɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɦɣɨɝɨɫɢɫɬɟɦɢɛɭɥɚɧɟɠɨɪɫɬ
ɤɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɧɚɞɨɫɹɝɧɟɧɧɹɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɭ ɚ ɧɚɜɱɚɧɧɹ ɡɚɞɨɩɨɦɨɝɨɸ³ɤɜɚɡɿ
ɞɨɫɥɿɞɧɢɰɶɤɨʀɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ´ɹɤɲɥɹɯɭɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɧɧɹɩɨɡɢɰɿʀɫɭɛ¶ɽɤɬɚɞɿɹɥɶɧɨ
ɫɬɿ ³əɤɿɫɬɶ ɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɹ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɡɚɜɠɞɢ ɡɭɦɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɰɿɥɹɦɢ ɣ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɦɢ
əɤɳɨɰɿɥɿɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿɩɟɪɟɛɭɜɚɸɬɶɩɨɡɚɫɚɦɨɸɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɬɸɬɨɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ
ɜɢɤɨɧɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɤɪɚɳɨɦɭ ɜɢɩɚɞɤɭ ɫɭɦɥɿɧɧɨ ɿ ʀʀ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɧɚɜɿɬɶ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɣ
ɤɪɚɳɨɦɭɜɢɤɨɧɚɧɧɿɧɟɩɟɪɟɛɿɥɶɲɭɽɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɭȼɿɞɡɧɚɱɚɸɱɢɜɬɚɤɨɦɭɪɚ
ɡɿɜɢɫɨɤɿɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɿɥɸɞɢɧɢɧɟɜɚɪɬɨɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɢɩɪɨʀʀɜɢɫɨɤɢɣɬɜɨɪɱɢɣɩɨ
ɬɟɧɰɿɚɥ ɨɫɤɿɥɶɤɢ ɬɜɨɪɱɿɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɚɽ ɡɛɿɝ ɦɨɬɢɜɭ ɣ ɰɿɥɿ ɬɨɛɬɨ ɡɚɯɨɩ
ɥɟɧɧɹ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɬɸ Ʌɢɲɟ ɡɚ ɰɿɽʀ ɭɦɨɜɢ ɧɨɜɢɣ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬ ɡɧɚɱɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɟɪɲɭ
ɜɚɬɢɦɟ ɩɨɱɚɬɤɨɜɢɣ ɡɚɞɭɦ ȱ ɹɤ ɧɚɫɥɿɞɨɤ ɦɚɽ ɦɿɫɰɟ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɨɤ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɡ
ɿɧɿɰɿɚɬɢɜɢɫɚɦɨʀɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɧɨɫɚɦɨɪɨɡɜɢɬɨɤɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɚɰɟɿɽ

393
ISSN 1992-5786. ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɤɚɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɧɧɹɬɜɨɪɱɨʀɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿɭɜɢɳɿɣɿɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɨɫɜɿɬɧɿɣɲɤɨɥɚɯ

ɬɜɨɪɱɿɫɬɶ´>ɫ @Ⱥɜɬɨɪɜɢɨɤɪɟɦɥɸɽɩɪɨɹɜɢɬɪɶɨɯɹɤɿɫɧɨɜɿɞɦɿɧɧɢɯɪɿ
ɜɧɿɜɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɭ
1. ɋɬɢɦɭɥɶɧɨ-ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɢɣ– ɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɬɶɦɨɠɟɦɚɬɢɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢɜɧɢɣ
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɚɥɟ ɰɟ ɤɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɭ ɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɞɿɽɸ ɞɟɹɤɨɝɨ ɡɨɜɧɿɲɧɶɨɝɨ
ɫɬɢɦɭɥɭ
2. ȿɜɪɢɫɬɢɱɧɢɣ – ɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ ɧɚɛɭɜɚɽ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɭ ȼɨɧɚ
ɫɭɛ¶ɽɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɨɰɿɧɸɽɬɶɫɹ ɭɱɧɟɦ ɹɤ ɧɨɜɢɣ ³ɫɜɿɣ´ ³ɜɥɚɫɧɢɣ´ ɫɩɨɫɿɛ ɹɤɢɣ
ɞɚɫɬɶɦɨɠɥɢɜɿɫɬɶɜɢɪɿɲɭɜɚɬɢɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɿɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹ
3. Ʉɪɟɚɬɢɜɧɢɣ– ɫɚɦɨɫɬɿɣɧɨɡɧɚɣɞɟɧɚɟɦɩɿɪɢɱɧɚɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɿɪɧɿɫɬɶɜɢ
ɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɟ ɥɢɲɟ ɹɤ ɩɪɢɣɨɦ ɜɢɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɚ ɜɢɫɬɭɩɚɽ ɜ ɹɤɨɫɬɿ ɧɨɜɨʀ
ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ
Ɍɭɬ ɞɿʀ ɿɧɞɢɜɿɞɚ ɧɚɛɭɜɚɸɬɶ ɩɨɪɨɞɠɭɸɱɨɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɭ ɣ ɭɫɟ ɛɿɥɶɲɟ
ɜɬɪɚɱɚɸɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɿ ɣɨɝɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɲɢɪɲɢɣ ɧɿɠ ɜɢɯɿɞɧɚ ɰɿɥɶ
©Ɍɜɨɪɱɿɫɬɶ ɭ ɜɥɚɫɧɨɦɭ ɪɨɡɭɦɿɧɧɿ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɩɨɱɢɧɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɬɚɦ ɞɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬ ɩɟ
ɪɟɫɬɚɽɛɭɬɢɬɿɥɶɤɢɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɞɸɬɿɥɶɤɢɜɢɪɿɲɟɧɧɹɦɡɚɡɞɚɥɟɝɿɞɶɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɨ
ɝɨɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹɉɪɢɰɶɨɦɭɜɿɧɡɚɥɢɲɚɽɬɶɫɹɿɪɨɡɜ¶ɹɡɤɨɦɿɜɿɞɩɨɜɿɞɞɸɚɥɟɪɚ
ɡɨɦɿɡɬɢɦɭɧɶɨɦɭɽɞɟɳɨ³ɩɨɜɟɪɯɬɨɝɨ´ɳɨɣɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽɣɨɝɨɹɤɿɫɧɨɧɨɜɢɣ
ɫɬɚɬɭɫª>ɫ 35].
Ɉɬɠɟ ɧɚɲɟ ɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɧɹ ʉɪɭɧɬɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɡɢɰɿɹɯ ɬɟɨɪɿʀ ɩɨɟɬɚɩɧɨɝɨ
ɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɧɧɹ ɪɨɡɭɦɨɜɢɯ ɞɿɣ ɬɚ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɿɫɧɨɝɨ ɩɿɞɯɨɞɭ ɞɨ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨ
ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭɲɤɨɥɹɪɚɜɩɥɢɜɚɽɧɚɡɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɶɭɱɧɿɜɞɨɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɧɨɝɨɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹ
ȼɢɞɿɥɟɧɿ Ⱦ Ȼɨɝɨɹɜɥɟɧɫɶɤɨɸ ɬɪɢ ɪɿɜɧɿ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɧɨ ɽ ɩɨɤɚɡɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɬɢɯ
ɟɬɚɩɿɜɹɤɿɦɚɽɩɪɨɣɬɢɭɱɟɧɶɪɨɡɜɢɜɚɸɱɢɫɜɨʀɬɜɨɪɱɿɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɿɣɜɨɞɧɨɱɚɫ
ɜɨɧɢɽɪɿɜɧɟɜɢɦɢɤɪɢɬɟɪɿɹɦɢɞɥɹɨɰɿɧɸɜɚɧɧɹɹɤɨɫɬɿɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɭ
ɇɚɫɬɭɩɧɨɸ ɜɚɠɥɢɜɨɸ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɨɸ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɿʀ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɫɬɿ ɽ ɜɢɹɜɥɟɧɧɹ
ɡɞɚɬɧɨɫɬɿɿɧɞɢɜɿɞɚɞɨɬɜɨɪɱɨɫɬɿ ɤɪɟɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿ ɬɚɡ¶ɹɫɭɜɚɧɧɹɡɜ¶ɹɡɤɿɜɦɿɠɬɜɨ
ɪɱɢɦɢ ɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɣ ɿɧɬɟɥɟɤɬɨɦ Ɉɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɜɢɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɰɿɽʀ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɧɟ
ɦɚɽɩɪɨɬɟɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɶɭɰɶɨɦɭɧɚɩɪɹɦɿɞɚɸɬɶɩɟɜɧɭɿɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɿɸ
ɉɨɧɹɬɬɹ ³ɤɪɟɚɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ´ ɭ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɿ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɿɱɧɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɧɧɹ ɧɚɛɭɥɨ
ɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɹɥɢɲɟɧɚɩɨɱɚɬɤɭ-ɯɪɪɡɚɜɞɹɤɢɩɪɚɰɹɦȾɠ ȽɿɥɮɨɪɞɚɈɫɧɨ
ɜɨɸɣɨɝɨɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɿʀɳɨɞɨɤɪɟɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɿɹɤɭɧɿɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɨʀɩɿɡɧɚɜɚɥɶɧɨʀɬɜɨɪ
ɱɨʀ ɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɿ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɣɨɝɨ ɬɪɢɜɢɦɿɪɧɚ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɢ ɿɧɬɟɥɟɤɬɭ ɡɦɿɫɬ
(4 ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɢ  ɨɩɟɪɚɰɿʀ  ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɿɜ  ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɢ  ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɿɜ  ɬɨɛɬɨ
120 ɫɩɟɰɢɮɿɱɧɢɯ ɬɢɩɿɜ ɤɨɝɧɿɬɢɜɧɢɯ ɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ – ɫɤɥɚɞɨɜɢɯ ɿɧɬɟɥɟɤɬɭ ɹɤɿ
ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬɶɫɹɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ
Ⱦɠ Ƚɿɥɮɨɪɞ ɡɚɭɜɚɠɭɽ ɧɚ ɿɫɧɭɜɚɧɧɿ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜɨʀ ɜɿɞɦɿɧɧɨɫɬɿ ɦɿɠ
ɞɜɨɦɚ ɬɢɩɚɦɢ ɦɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɢɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɿɣ ɤɨɧɜɟɪɝɟɧɰɿɽɸ ɫɯɨɞɠɟɧɧɹɦ  ɿ ɞɢ
ɜɟɪɝɟɧɰɿɽɸ ɪɨɡɯɨɞɠɟɧɧɹɦ  >@ Ʉɨɧɜɟɪɝɟɧɬɧɟ ɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɿɡɭɽɬɶɫɹ
ɤɨɥɢɩɪɢɜɢɪɿɲɟɧɧɿɡɚɜɞɚɧɧɹɥɸɞɢɧɿɬɪɟɛɚɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɿɩɟɜɧɢɯɭɦɨɜɩɪɢɣɧɹ
ɬɢɽɞɢɧɨɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɟɪɿɲɟɧɧɹɚɛɨɨɛɦɟɠɟɧɭɭɦɨɜɨɸʀɯɤɿɥɶɤɿɫɬɶȾɢɜɟɪɝɟɧ
ɬɧɟɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹɡɚȾɠ Ƚɿɥɮɨɪɞɨɦɜɢɡɧɚɱɚɽɬɶɫɹɹɤɬɢɩɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹɳɨɪɨɡɜɢ
ɜɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɪɿɡɧɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɚɯ Ɍɚɤɟ ɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɛɚɱɚɽ ɜɚɪɿɸɜɚɧɧɹ ɲɥɹɯɿɜ
ɜɢɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɣ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɩɪɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɞɨ ɧɟɫɩɨɞɿɜɚɧɢɯ ɜɢɫɧɨɜɤɿɜ ɿ ɪɟ

394
 2017 ɪ., ȼɢɩ. 52 (105)

ɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɿɜȱɧɲɢɦɢɫɥɨɜɚɦɢɿɫɧɭɸɬɶɞɜɚɫɩɨɫɨɛɢɩɨɲɭɤɿɜɜɢɪɿɲɟɧɧɹɞɟɹɤɨʀ
ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ
1) ɤɨɧɜɟɪɝɟɧɬɧɟ ɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹ ɩɪɢ ɹɤɨɦɭ ɜɫɿ ɡɭɫɢɥɥɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɭɸɬɶ ɧɚ
ɩɨɲɭɤɭɽɞɢɧɨɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨɜɢɪɿɲɟɧɧɹɧɚɨɫɧɨɜɿɧɚɹɜɧɢɯɡɧɚɧɶɿɥɨɝɿɱɧɢɯ
ɦɿɪɤɭɜɚɧɶ
2) ɞɢɜɟɪɝɟɧɬɧɟ ɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹ ɹɤɟ ɡɚɛɟɡɩɟɱɭɽ ³ɜɿɹɥɨɩɨɞɿɛɧɢɣ´ ɩɨɲɭɤ ɭ
ɜɫɿɯ ɦɨɠɥɢɜɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɚɯ ɪɨɡɝɥɹɞ ɹɤɨɦɨɝɚɛɿɥɶɲɨʀ ɤɿɥɶɤɨɫɬɿ ɜɚɪɿɚɧɬɿɜ ɬɚ
ɤɢɣɩɨɲɭɤɧɚɣɱɚɫɬɿɲɟɡɭɦɨɜɥɸɽɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɶɧɿɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ
Ɍɜɨɪɱɢɦɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɹɦɡɜɢɱɚɣɧɨɩɪɢɬɚɦɚɧɧɟ ɞɢɜɟɪɝɟɧɬɧɟɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹ
ɜɨɧɢɫɯɢɥɶɧɿɭɬɜɨɪɸɜɚɬɢɧɨɜɿɤɨɦɛɿɧɚɰɿʀɡɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɿɜɹɤɿɛɿɥɶɲɿɫɬɶɥɸɞɟɣ
ɡɧɚɸɬɶ ɿ ɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɨɜɭɸɬɶ ɥɢɲɟ ɹɤɢɦɨɫɶ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɚɛɨ ɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɬɢ
ɡɜ¶ɹɡɤɢɦɿɠɟɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɦɢɹɤɿɧɚɩɟɪɲɢɣɩɨɝɥɹɞɧɟɦɚɸɬɶɧɿɱɨɝɨɫɩɿɥɶɧɨɝɨ
Ɂɚ Ⱦɠ Ƚɿɥɮɨɪɞɨɦ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɢɦɢ ɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɨɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ  ɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨ ɦɢɫ
ɥɟɧɧɹ ɽ ɨɪɢɝɿɧɚɥɶɧɿɫɬɶ ɡɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɶ ɩɨɪɨɞɠɭɜɚɬɢ ɧɟɫɩɨɞɿɜɚɧɿ ɣ ɧɟɛɚɧɚɥɶɧɿ
ɪɿɲɟɧɧɹ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɿɫɬɶ ɡɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɶɞɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɢɯɪɿɲɟɧɶ ɪɭɯɥɢɜɿɫɬɶ ɡɞɚɬ
ɧɿɫɬɶɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬɢɜɿɞɨɞɧɨɝɨɚɫɩɟɤɬɭɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢɞɨɿɧɲɨɝɨɧɟɨɛɦɟɠɭɸɱɢɫɶ
ɨɞɧɿɽɸɽɞɢɧɨɸɞɭɦɤɨɸ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɧɚɫɩɨɧɬɚɧɧɚɝɧɭɱɤɿɫɬɶ ɡɞɚɬɧɿɫɬɶɜɢɫɭ
ɜɚɬɢ ɪɿɡɧɨɦɚɧɿɬɧɿ ɿɞɟʀ ɜ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɿɹɯ ɳɨ ɧɟ ɦɚɸɬɶ ɨɪɿɽɧɬɢɪɿɜ ɩɿɞɤɚɡɨɤ ɞɥɹ
ɰɢɯɿɞɟɣ >ɫ 290].
Ɍɜɨɪɱɚɥɸɞɢɧɚɟɤɥɟɤɬɢɱɧɚɞɨɩɢɬɥɢɜɚɣɩɨɫɬɿɣɧɨɧɚɦɚɝɚɽɬɶɫɹɩɨɽɞ
ɧɚɬɢɮɚɤɬɢɡɪɿɡɧɢɯɝɚɥɭɡɟɣʀʀɫɩɪɢɣɧɹɬɬɹɫɜɿɬɭɧɟɩɟɪɟɪɜɧɨɩɨɧɨɜɥɸɽɬɶɫɹ
Ɂɜɢɱɚɣɧɨ ɬɜɨɪɱɿ ɥɸɞɢ – ɰɟ ɦɪɿɣɧɢɤɢ ɜɨɧɢ ɧɚɦɚɝɚɸɬɶɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɬɜɨɪɢɬɢ ɜ
ɠɢɬɬɹɫɜɨʀ³ɦɚɪɟɜɧɿɿɞɟʀ´ɜɨɞɧɨɱɚɫɩɪɢɣɦɚɸɱɢɬɚɿɧɬɟɝɪɭɸɱɢɿɪɪɚɰɿɨɧɚɥɶ
ɧɿɚɫɩɟɤɬɢɫɜɨɽʀɩɨɜɟɞɿɧɤɢ
ɋɤɥɚɞɨɜɢɯɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨɩɪɨɰɟɫɭɛɚɝɚɬɨɊɨɡɝɥɹɧɟɦɨɞɟɹɤɿɡɧɢɯɧɚɧɚɲɭ
ɞɭɦɤɭ ɧɚɣɛɿɥɶɲ ɜɚɠɥɢɜɿ ɳɨɛ ɩɪɨɫɬɟɠɢɬɢ ɝɟɧɟɡɢɫ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɬɜɨɪɱɨʀ ɨɫɨ
ɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿɣɜɨɞɧɨɱɚɫɩɨɛɚɱɢɬɢɜɚɠɥɢɜɿɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɱɧɿɚɫɩɟɤɬɢɳɨɞɨɡɛɟɪɟɠɟɧ
ɧɹɬɚɩɿɞɬɪɢɦɤɢɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭɊɨɡɜɢɬɨɤɬɜɨɪɱɢɯɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɟɣɥɸɞɢɧɢ
ɦɨɠɟ ɬɪɢɜɚɬɢ ɜɩɪɨɞɨɜɠ ɡɧɚɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɿɨɞɭ ʀʀ ɠɢɬɬɹ ɩɪɨɬɟ ɜ ɨɧɬɨɝɟɧɟɡɿ ɿɫ
ɧɭɸɬɶ ɨɩɬɢɦɚɥɶɧɿ ɫɟɧɡɢɬɢɜɧɿ ɜɿɤɨɜɿ ɩɟɪɿɨɞɢ ʀɯ ɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɧɧɹ ȼ ɨɪɝɚɧɿɡɚɰɿʀ
ɧɚɜɱɚɥɶɧɨ-ɜɢɯɨɜɧɨʀɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿɳɨɫɩɪɢɹɥɚɛɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚ
ɥɭɲɤɨɥɹɪɚɧɟɨɛɯɿɞɧɨɜɪɚɯɨɜɭɜɚɬɢɜɿɤɨɜɿɨɫɨɛɥɢɜɨɫɬɿɭɱɧɿɜȱɯɨɱɚɜɱɢɬɢ
ɫɹ ɧɿɤɨɥɢɧɟ ɩɿɡɧɨɚɥɟ ɞɥɹɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɦɢɫɥɟɧɧɹɿɫɧɭɸɬɶ ɠɨɪɫɬɤɿ ɜɿɤɨɜɿ ɨɛ
ɦɟɠɟɧɧɹ
ȼɢɫɧɨɜɤɢ Ɉɬɠɟ ɚɧɚɥɿɡ ɧɚɭɤɨɜɨʀ ɥɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ ɞɚɽ ɩɿɞɫɬɚɜɢ ɫɬɜɟɪɞɠɭ
ɜɚɬɢ ɳɨ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɿ ɧɚɪɨɳɟɧɧɹ ɬɜɨɪɱɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɭ ɞɿɹɥɶ
ɧɿɫɬɶɜɢɧɢɤɚɽɞɟɞɚɥɿɛɿɥɶɲɚɩɨɬɪɟɛɚ ɜɬɜɨɪɱɿɣɫɚɦɨɪɟɚɥɿɡɚɰɿʀɬɚɫɚɦɨɪɨɡɜɢ
ɬɤɭ ɐɟɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫ ɪɨɡɝɨɪɬɚɽɬɶɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɩɿɪɚɥɿ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥ ɪɟɚɥɿɡɭɽɬɶɫɹ ɲɥɹɯɨɦ
ɡɭɫɢɥɥɹ ɫɩɪɹɦɨɜɚɧɨɝɨ ɧɚ ɩɪɚɝɧɟɧɧɹ ɞɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɢɳɟɧɧɹ ɫɟɛɟ ȼɡɚɽɦɨɡɜ¶ɹɡɨɤ
ɦɿɠɩɨɧɹɬɬɹɦɢ³ɬɜɨɪɱɿɫɬɶ´ɿ³ɬɜɨɪɱɢɣɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥ´ɜɿɞɧɨɫɧɨɲɤɨɥɹɪɚɦɨɠɧɚ
ɨɩɢɫɚɬɢ ɬɚɤ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɿɫɬɶ ɬɜɨɪɱɨʀ ɞɿɹɥɶɧɨɫɬɿ ɡɚɥɟɠɢɬɶ ɜɿɞɪɿɜɧɹ ɬɜɨɪ
ɱɨɝɨɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɭɪɚɡɨɦɿɡɬɢɦɭɬɜɨɪɱɨɫɬɿɥɸɞɢɧɚɜɨɞɧɨɱɚɫɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɽɬɜɨ
ɪɱɢɣɩɨɬɟɧɰɿɚɥɿɧɚɪɨɳɭɽɣɨɝɨ

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ISSN 1992-5786. ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɤɚɮɨɪɦɭɜɚɧɧɹɬɜɨɪɱɨʀɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿɭɜɢɳɿɣɿɡɚɝɚɥɶɧɨɨɫɜɿɬɧɿɣɲɤɨɥɚɯ

ɋɩɢɫɨɤɜɢɤɨɪɢɫɬɚɧɨʀɥɿɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɢ
1. Ⱥɤɦɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ  ɩɨɞ ɨɛɳ ɪɟɞ Ⱥ Ⱥ Ⱦɟɪɤɚɱɚ. – Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ  ɂɡɞ-ɜɨ
ɊȺȽɋ– 161 ɫ
2. Ȼɨɝɨɹɜɥɟɧɫɤɚɹ Ⱦ Ȼɂɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɚɹɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶɤɚɤɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ
Ⱦ Ȼ Ȼɨɝɨɹɜɥɟɧɫɤɚɹ– Ɋɨɫɬɨɜ-ɧɚ-Ⱦɨɧɭ ɂɡɞ-ɜɨɊȽɍ– 236 ɫ
3. Ȼɨɝɭɲ Ⱥ Ɇ ɉɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɱɧɿ ɧɨɬɚɬɤɢ ɬɚ ɪɨɡɞɭɦɢ  Ⱥ Ɇ Ȼɨɝɭɲ – Ɂɚɩɨɪɿɠɠɹ
2001. – 219 ɫ
4. ȼɟɥɢɤɢɣ ɬɥɭɦɚɱɧɢɣ ɫɥɨɜɧɢɤ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɨʀ ɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨʀ ɦɨɜɢ  >ɝɨɥ ɪɟɞ ȼ Ɍ Ȼɭ-
ɫɟɥ  ɪɟɞɚɤɬ-ɥɟɤɫɢɤɨɝɪ ȼ Ɍ Ȼɭɫɟɥ Ɇ Ⱦ ȼɚɫɢɥɟɝɚ-Ⱦɟɪɢɛɚɫ ɬɚ ɿɧ@ – 5-ɬɟ ɜɢɞ – Ʉɢʀɜ :
ɉɟɪɭɧ– 1728 ɫ
5. ȼɟɪɛɢɰɤɢɣ Ⱥ Ⱥɗɧɰɢɤɥɨɩɟɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɣɫɥɨɜɚɪɶɩɨɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢɢɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɟ
Ⱥ Ⱥ ȼɟɪɛɢɰɤɢɣ– Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ
6. ȼɵɝɨɬɫɤɢɣ Ʌ ɋȼɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɢɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɨɜɞɟɬɫɤɨɦɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɟɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢ
ɱɟɫɤɢɟɨɱɟɪɤɢɤɧɢɝɚɞɥɹɭɱɢɬɟɥɹɅ ɋ ȼɵɝɨɬɫɤɢɣ– 3-ɟɢɡɞ– Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ ɉɪɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ
1991. – 93 ɫ
7. Ƚɢɥɮɨɪɞ ȾɠɌɪɢɫɬɨɪɨɧɵɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɚȾɠ Ƚɢɥɮɨɪɞɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹɦɵɲɥɟ
ɧɢɹɩɨɞɪɟɞȺ Ɇ Ɇɚɬɸɲɤɢɧɚ– Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ ɉɪɨɝɪɟɫɫ– ɋ 433–457.
8. Ⱦɚɜɵɞɨɜ ȼ ȼ Ɍɟɨɪɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ  ȼ ȼ Ⱦɚɜɵɞɨɜ – Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ :
ɂɧɬɨɪ– 542 ɫ
9. Ɂɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɿɬɜɨɪɱɿɫɬɶɨɛɞɚɪɨɜɚɧɿɫɬɶɬɟɨɪɿɹɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɞɨɫɥɿɞɠɟɧɶ
ɡɚɪɟɞȼ Ɉ ɆɨɥɹɤɨɈ Ʌ Ɇɭɡɢɤɢ– ɀɢɬɨɦɢɪ Ɋɭɬɚ– 320 ɫ
10. Ʌɭɤ Ⱥ ɇ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ  Ⱥ ɇ Ʌɭɤ – Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ  ɉɪɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɢɟ
1978. – 127 ɫ
11. Ɉɠɟɝɨɜ ɋ ɂ ɋɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ  ɫɥɨɜ  ɋ ɂ Ɉɠɟɝɨɜ  ɩɨɞ ɪɟɞ
ɇ ɘ ɒɜɟɞɨɜɨɣ– Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ Ɋɭɫ ɹɡ– 917 ɫ
12. Ɋɭɛɢɧɲɬɟɣɧ ɋ Ʌ Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ  ɋ Ʌ Ɋɭɛɢɧɲɬɟɣɧ – ɋɚɧɤɬ-
ɉɟɬɟɪɛɭɪɝ ɉɢɬɟɪ– 688 ɫ
13. ɋɥɨɜɧɢɤɭɤɪɚʀɧɫɶɤɨʀɦɨɜɢ ɜ-ɬɢɬɪɟɞɤɨɥȱ Ʉ ȻɿɥɨɞɿɞȺ Ⱥ Ȼɭɪɹɱɨɤ
ȼ Ɉ ȼɢɧɧɢɤȽ Ɇ Ƚɧɚɬɸɤɬɚɿɧ– Ʉɢʀɜ ɇɚɭɤɨɜɚɞɭɦɤɚ– Ɍ 10. – 659 ɫ
14. ɋɭɯɨɦɥɢɧɫɶɤɢɣ ȼ Ɉȼɢɛɪɚɧɿɬɜɨɪɢ ɭɬȼ Ɉ ɋɭɯɨɦɥɢɧɫɶɤɢɣ– Ʉɢʀɜ :
Ɋɚɞɲɤɨɥɚ– Ɍ 1–5.
15. ɑɨɪɧɨɭɫ ɇ Ⱥ ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɪɨɡɜɢɬɤɭ ɬɜɨɪɱɢɯ ɡɞɿɛɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɫɨɛɢɫɬɨɫɬɿ 
ɇ Ⱥ ɑɨɪɧɨɭɫ Ⱥ ȼ Ʉɨɜɿɧɶɤɨ  ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨ-ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɿɱɧɿ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɢ ɜɢɳɨʀ ɿ ɫɟɪɟɞɧɶɨʀ
ɨɫɜɿɬɢ ɜ ɭɦɨɜɚɯ ɫɭɱɚɫɧɢɯ ɜɢɤɥɢɤɿɜ ɬɟɨɪɿɹ ɿ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ  ɦɚɬɟɪ ȱȱ ɦɿɠɧɚɪ ɧɚɭɤ-ɩɪɚɤɬ
ɤɨɧɮ  ɤɜɿɬɧɹ ɪɦ ɏɚɪɤɿɜ – ɏɚɪɤɿɜ ɋɬɢɥɶ-ɂɡɞɚɬ– ɋ 313–314.
ɋɬɚɬɬɹɧɚɞɿɣɲɥɚɞɨɪɟɞɚɤɰɿʀ
Ʉɨɜɢɧɶɤɨ Ⱥ ȼɋɭɬɶɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ³ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɣɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɚ´
ȼ ɫɬɚɬɶɟ ɨɫɜɟɳɟɧɵ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɟ ɜɡɝɥɹɞɵ ɧɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɚ Ɋɚɫɤɪɵɬɚ ɫɭɬɶ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɣ ³ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɨ´ ³ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟ
ɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ´ɢ³ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɣɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɚ´Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɧɵɞɟɮɢɧɢɰɢɢɬɜɨɪ
ɱɟɫɬɜɚɫɩɨɡɢɰɢɣɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɢɢɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɤɢɍɤɚɡɚɧɨɱɬɨɫɪɟɞɢɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯɩɨ
ɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɯɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɟɣɭɱɟɧɵɟɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɟɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɟɢɬɜɨɪ
ɱɟɫɤɨɟɜɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɟɜɧɢɦɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ
ɫɬɢ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɜɨɨɛɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɦɵɫɥɢ ɟɟ ɝɢɛɤɨɫɬɶ
ɨɪɢɝɢɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɮɚɧɬɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɥɸɛɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɞɢɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɢ
ɩɨɡɧɚɜɚɬɶɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɪɢɫɤɨɜɚɬɶɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɵɟɜɟɳɢɪɚɡɜɢɬɭɸɢɧɬɭ
ɢɰɢɸɄɨɧɤɪɟɬɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɵɧɚɭɱɧɨ-ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟɩɨɞɯɨɞɵɤɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɦɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨ
ɝɨɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɚ
Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ

396
 2017 ɪ., ȼɢɩ. 52 (105)

Kovinko A. The Essence of the Concept of “Student Creativity”

In the article the scientific views on the development of creativity and the creative po-
tential of the student. The essence of the concepts of “work”, “creative activity” and “student
creativity”. Author determined definition of creativity from the standpoint of philosophy, psy-
chology and pedagogy. The main indicators of creativity distinguish scientists, creative think-
ing and imagination; combination of attentiveness, sensitivity, observation, features memory,
imagination, thinking; the speed of thought, its flexibility, originality and fantastic, curiosity,
wonder and ability to learn; the ability to take risks, accept mixed things developed intuition.
The concept creativity developed in detail in psychological science. Encyclopedic Dic-
tionary of Psychology and Education submits the definition of creativity as an aspect of intel-
ligence side, characterized by novelty and originality in thinking in solving problems.
Concretized scientific and theoretical approaches to creativity components student.
Determined that creativity is an integrative - property that is based on the deposits in the in-
teraction between the individual and the environment is the result of her mental processes and
condition for successful life.
The author states that in the process of increasing creative potential through active
there is a growing need for creative self-realization and self. This process unfolds spiral: the
potential is realized through efforts to striving to exceed themselves. The relationship between
the concepts of “creativity” and “creative potential” with respect to the student can be de-
scribed as follows: the impact of creative activity depends on the creativity; however, in the
work of people at the same time showing creativity and builds it.
Key words: education, student development, creation, creativity.

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