EE438/538 HW#3 Due on 02/17/2023 Name: Rabiullslamsikden 538

438 or 538? ____________

_________________________

Please write down your solution in the designated area and put the final answer in the box. Don’t forget to
specify the units! Give all the details of your solution process. Don’t just write down the answer.
1. [20 points] A laser beam with 2 mW power is coupled into an optical fiber link spanning 170 km. The optical
fiber exhibits loss of 0.5 dB/km. Estimate the power detectable at the output end of the fiber.

I ( ¥÷)
✗
dis × :( 110 ↳
0.5 dB/km 170 km = 85 dB! 9. ◦
-

The input power will first suffer from 80 dB loss, that’s multiplication by 10-8.
-

Then it /
0.5dB will
km Ñkm
suffer 3 dB: that’s losing the remaining half.
Then it will suffer another 2 dB: that’s approximately losing 37%.
⇒2×10Pout
-3
[W] × 10-8 ×Pin = 10
0.5 × 0.63 = 6.3×10-12 [W].
.

-44B¥
2×10-3 ✗
10-(1%70)
=
6-32×10-12[ w
Ans. ____________ ]
= G. 32×10 -12W
2. You have a spool of optical fiber with 8 µm core diameter. ncore = 1.468. ncladding = 1.464.
(a) [5 pts] Calculate the V-number assuming operation at λo = 1550 nm (a through d)
d =
More
8rem
V = 2π×4e-6/1550e-9×√(1.468 2
-1.4642)
__ 1- 468 , ncead = 1.464

a =
dlz = 4 ✗ 106m

V =

2¥ .
a. JEET
=

Y&g%g .NET.n→ = 1-7-56

1.756 [
Ans. ________ ]

(b) [5 pts] Calculate the cut-off wavelength

✓ = 2. 405
2*pi*4e-6*sqrt(1.468^2-1.464^2)/2.405 = 1.13e-6

Tot off
=
2É%%A_
= 1.132rem 1132mm
Ans. ______ [ ]

(c) [5 pts] Calculate the numerical aperture

NA =NA
sqrt(1.468^2-1.464^2)
=
ÑÉeaT y-f.4684.GG#-- 0.108

0.108 [
Ans. _________ ]
(d) [5 pts] Calculate the maximum acceptance angle
Sincoupling from air, αmax = NA [rad]
Assuming max
✗
=N¥
(NA⇒
✗
6.217°
'
:
Sin
-

=
max Ans. _________ [ ]
-

=
6.217°
3. [30 pts] You operate your waveguide using a laser with λo = 500 nm. You are using a symmetric dielectric
slab waveguide with core and cladding indices at 1.5 and 1.45, respectively. The core thickness (d) is 2 µm.
Find the effective indices for the first 4 modes (the lowest four modes). They can be either TE or TM. Just list
four of them from the one with the highest neff . ** Plot the characteristic equation and attach it to your HW
submission**

for
Effective index the one with the
highest
Reff :
-
TEI -11=-2 TMI , TMZ effective index
, ,

Reff TE ,
= 1. 5 ✗ sin (82-19)=1.486
neff TEO = f. 5 ✗ gin 6.053=1-996
1.485
(82-06)
=
Sir
Neff -1Mt = 1.5 ✗

MefPTMo = f- 5✗Sin( 86 ) 21-496

Mode # TE or TM? Mode Angle [Degree] Effective Index

1 TEI 82.14 I. 486

TEO Ii 496
2 86.05
3 TMI 82.06 1.485
TMO 86 I -496
4
4. [30 points - Past exam problem] You plan to manufacture an optical fiber for operation at λo = 1550 nm. The
refractive index of your glass material is 1.5. You can increase the index up to 1.55 to make the high index
core. Your fiber drawing machine can control the core diameter between 5 to 7 µm. Determine the maximum
and minimum number of LP modes that you can support using the fiber manufactured with these material and
machine.

Ans. ______________
5. [538 Students only - 20 pts] There is an optical fiber with the following specification.
Core diameter = 8 µm, Core index = 1.5, Clad index = 1.495
The operation wavelength 𝜆𝜆𝑜𝑜 = 1.55 µm.
(a) Find the profile of the fundamental mode as a function of 𝜌𝜌. Write down the mode profiles in the core and
cladding and explain how you obtained them.

Core Profile

Cladding Profile

(b) Find the Gaussian approximation of the fundamental mode

Ans.

(c) Plot the two mode profiles obtained above using plotting softwares like Excel or Matlab. Superimpose
them for comparison. (You don’t have to print the plots on this page. Just attach them to your HW submission)