Chapter I

Introduction

Rationale of the Study

The need for education is universal. Education is the antidote of
ignorance which is the source of evil. To minimize evil, one must be
educated. There are only six children out of ten in the elementary level,
can go to high school; three out of six students in high school can go to
college, one out of three students will continue their studies(Tamano,
2010).College education in this information age is one of the avenues to
access global competitiveness in labor and manpower. The
transition to college is marked by complex challenges in emotional,
social and academic adjustment.
Not all parents have enough income to send and support their
children in school especially in college. As a result, some students have
to support themselves by becoming working students. Being a working
student is a responsibility of many less fortunate but willing young
adults and adult individuals. The reason is economics- scarcity of funds,
scarcity of financial resources. Working and studying at the same time
can augment the income or their sources for matriculation or other needs
(Velasco, 2014).These students commonly encounter many
problems about their work and their studies. According to Baum
(2010), some of these students are awarded “work” as part of their
financial package; other students either do not receive work-study
funding or find such awards insufficient to cover the cost of attendance.
This creates high level of stress and anxiety making them vulnerable to
sickness and failure in pursuing their college degrees (Kasworm, 2010).
Working while studying has its positive and negative sides. When
students have a job they will earn money, some of these students need
the money to pay for expensive schools, while other students need it to
make their life easier
One of the negative impacts on working while studying is the
students’ performance in school. Working more than 20 hours a week
has a negative impact on students' grades, whether the employment is on
campus or off. Students who work 20 hours or less, on campus and off,
report roughly similar grades as do students who do not work at all
(Pike, 2008). Some traditional-age student may use employment as a
way to explore career options or earn spending money. Working
students are trying to meet multiple demands and roles of a student and
at the same time, an employee. This creates high level of stress and
anxiety making them vulnerable to sickness and failure in
pursuing their college degrees. In 2010, about 216,000 working
students in the country are juggling school and work, according to the
data from the Commission on Higher Education (CHED). The figure
is about 8% of the total number of students in the country. Working
students are mostly into food service, entertainment and sales, apart
from their usual stints as library and research assistants.
College working students can be more likely be left behind in their
academic environment. They could also feel “out of place” and have less
time for their social life since they are not always around in the campus.
Balancing school work and a social life while coupled with the newly
found freedom of living away from home is often a formidable
challenge. Add a part-time job to that mix, and the burden
can become overwhelming, affecting all aspects of a student’s life and
his physical and mental well-being (Globalpost.com). One factor that
affects working student’s physical well-being is a lack of sleep. Sleep
loss doesn’t usually cause long-term medical problems, but it can
adversely affect physical and intellectual performance, and mood
(Reyes, 20022)
Statement of the Problem
This study focuses on the problems encountered by working
students Of the Eastern Visayas State University Ormoc Campus and its
effect on their academic performance as basis for a proposed action plan.
Particularly, this study attempts to answer the following questions:
1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of :
1.1 sex;
1.2 age
1.3 sibling position;
1.4 monthly family income;
2. What are the problems encountered by working students in
University of Cebu-Main Campus?
3. What are its effects on their academic performance?
4. Based on the findings of the study, what action plan may be
proposed?
5. What is the biggest challenge of working part time as student?

Hypothesis
The study tested the null hypothesis that there has significant
difference on the levels of academic performance of the working
students in Eastern Visayas State University as perceived by the
respondents with respect to the class participation, task performance, and
comprehension in terms of their age, sex, sibling position, parent’s
educational attainment and monthly family income.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is significant and would be beneficial to the following:
Working Students.
This study will motivate them to manage their responsibilities towards
school and work so that their academic performance will not be affected
in favor of their work or vice-versa.
Students
This study will give the regular students an idea on how
important education is. This will motivate them to be more focused on
their studies.
Parents
This study will give the parents idea on the problems working students
have encountered. This will motivate them to become more supportive
and more understanding towards their children
School Administrators
School administrators will benefit from the results of the study by
applying the proposed action plan which will help minimize drop-outs
among working students.
Teachers
This study will give teachers an idea on the problems encountered by
working students. Thus, they will understand them better.
Researchers
This will deepen the researchers’ knowledge of the lives and
struggles of the working students in their quest for success. Future
Researchers. The future researchers will benefit from the study
because this will serve as their source and guide for future studies.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study focused on determining the problems met by the
working students upon coping with their academic tasks. Furthermore,
this would also determine the priorities, financial stability, and time
management of working students.

Definition of terms
The following are the operational used in this study to improve
the introductory statement;
Academic Performance – is the outcome of education, the extent to
which the student, teacher, or institution has achieved their educational
goals.
Stress – it is the body reaction to any situation or events that places
unusual demand to the body.
Performance – performance measurement is the process of collecting,
analyzing and reporting information regarding the performance of an
individual, group, system or component.