Grade 10

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Mathematics Chapter Notes
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 POST CLASS NOTES

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Circles
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 Topics

1. Lines related to a Circle

2. Tangents and Secants

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3. Number of Tangents
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4. Theorems related to a Tangent
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5. Important Corollaries

Tangent line

P
Point of69
Tangency
 Circles
Lines related to Circle

Line outside the circle

Tangent

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Chord
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Secant
Diameter
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Centre

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Tangents and Secants
B
A
A

O O O

Does not touch the circle 'S

2 points of intersection Touches only at 1 point
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No point of intersection PQ is the secant PQ is called tangent
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No. of Tangents
A

For any point on the

No. of tangents from an external
circumference of a circle,
point to circle = 2
No. of tangents = 1

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 Theorems related to Tangent

Theorem 1 Theorem 2
Tangents and Radius Tangents from external point

1: Tangents and Radius

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O
Centre
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Radius

Q P
A
PQ is the tangent

O
Tangent line

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2: Tangents from external point

PT is tangent
at P

QT is tangent
at Q
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External Point Tangent line

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 Important Corollaries
C1
C2 For C1 and C2 being concentric circles,

O OP is perpendicular bisector of AB
A
AP = PB
P
B

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x
(90°- )
2 PA and PB are 2 tangents drawn from an
x
2
external point P to a circle with centre at O,
x
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∠APB = 2∠BAO
x
∠PAB = ∠PBA = (90° - )
2

x and y are supplementary

i.e. x + y = 180°

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 Mind Map

Line and a circle

Tangents and
secants
Circles

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Important
Tangents
corollaries
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Number of tangents Theorems related

to tangents

Tangents from
Tangent and radius external point

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