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DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES

1. INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY 2. AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER


Significantly impaired intellectual ability 1. Autism:
Onset before 18 years of age Coexists with neuropsychiatric disorders
Impairment of adaptive abilities needed Disturbance in social interactions
for independent living Disturbance in communication
Classifications: Disturbance in behaviour
1. Mild (IQ 55 - 70) Disturbance of sensory and perceptual
2. Moderate (IQ 40 - 55) processing
3. Severe (IQ 25 - 40) 2. Asperger’s syndrome:
4. Profound (IQ below 25) No significant delays in language skills
3. Rett syndrome

3. ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY 4. LEARNING DISABILITIES


DISORDER 1. Disorders of motor function
Behavioural disorder; requires 2. Educational disorders
behvavioural modification, social skills 3. Disorders of attention and concentration
training, educational intervention 4. Disorders of thinking and memory
Exhibit inattention, hyperactivity and 5. Problems with speech and communication
impulsivity, low frustration tolerance, 6. Auditory difficulties
poor self-esteem 7. Sensory integrative and perceptual
disorders
8. Psychosocial problems

5. FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME


Prenatal exposure to alcohol
Intellectual disability noted in most
cases
Other characteristics include:
1. Hyperactivity
2. Attention deficits
3. Vestibular problems
4. Poor social skills
5. Poor visuo-spatial perceptual skills

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