This document outlines and describes 5 major developmental disabilities: 1) intellectual disability, 2) autism spectrum disorder, 3) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 4) learning disabilities, and 5) fetal alcohol syndrome. It provides classifications and key characteristics of each disability, noting that they involve impairments in intellectual abilities, adaptive behaviors, attention, learning, communication, and social skills that arise from genetic and prenatal factors and typically onset during childhood.
This document outlines and describes 5 major developmental disabilities: 1) intellectual disability, 2) autism spectrum disorder, 3) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 4) learning disabilities, and 5) fetal alcohol syndrome. It provides classifications and key characteristics of each disability, noting that they involve impairments in intellectual abilities, adaptive behaviors, attention, learning, communication, and social skills that arise from genetic and prenatal factors and typically onset during childhood.
This document outlines and describes 5 major developmental disabilities: 1) intellectual disability, 2) autism spectrum disorder, 3) attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 4) learning disabilities, and 5) fetal alcohol syndrome. It provides classifications and key characteristics of each disability, noting that they involve impairments in intellectual abilities, adaptive behaviors, attention, learning, communication, and social skills that arise from genetic and prenatal factors and typically onset during childhood.
Significantly impaired intellectual ability 1. Autism: Onset before 18 years of age Coexists with neuropsychiatric disorders Impairment of adaptive abilities needed Disturbance in social interactions for independent living Disturbance in communication Classifications: Disturbance in behaviour 1. Mild (IQ 55 - 70) Disturbance of sensory and perceptual 2. Moderate (IQ 40 - 55) processing 3. Severe (IQ 25 - 40) 2. Asperger’s syndrome: 4. Profound (IQ below 25) No significant delays in language skills 3. Rett syndrome
DISORDER 1. Disorders of motor function Behavioural disorder; requires 2. Educational disorders behvavioural modification, social skills 3. Disorders of attention and concentration training, educational intervention 4. Disorders of thinking and memory Exhibit inattention, hyperactivity and 5. Problems with speech and communication impulsivity, low frustration tolerance, 6. Auditory difficulties poor self-esteem 7. Sensory integrative and perceptual disorders 8. Psychosocial problems
5. FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME
Prenatal exposure to alcohol Intellectual disability noted in most cases Other characteristics include: 1. Hyperactivity 2. Attention deficits 3. Vestibular problems 4. Poor social skills 5. Poor visuo-spatial perceptual skills