LEI 2533 INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 2021

SAITO SECURITY ACADEMY

DIPLOMA IN LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
FINAL ASSESSMENT

SUBJECT : INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY

SUBJECT CODE : LEA 2533

INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES:

i. Read all the instructions carefully before answering the questions.

ii. This exam paper consists of THREE SECTION. Answer ALL
iii. You may answer the questions in Bahasa Malaysia or English.
iv. Upload your test on Google Classroom.

This examination is 40% of the total grading marks

PREPARED BY: HABIB BIN RAHIM

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LEI 2533 INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 2021

SECTION A (20 MARKS/ MARKAH)

Instructions/Arahan:

This section consists of FOUR (4) questions. Answer ALL questions.

1. Elaborate the following schools in Psychology:

a) Behaviorism
Behaviorism, also known as behavioral psychology, is a theory of learning
which states all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment
through a process called conditioning. Thus, behavior is simply a response to
environmental stimuli.
b) Humanistic
Humanistic psychology is a perspective that emphasizes looking at the whole
individual and stresses concepts such as free will, self-efficacy, and self-
actualization. Rather than concentrating on dysfunction, humanistic psychology
strives to help people fulfill their potential and maximize their well-being
(5 marks)
2. Based on the Big 5 Personality theory that you have learnt, elaborate TWO (2)
personalities that would help you to become a good Law Enforcement Officer.

Two personalities that would help me to become a good Law Enforcement Officer. First is
Openness because This trait features characteristics such as imagination and insight. People who
are high in this trait also tend to have a broad range of interests. They are curious about the world
and other people and eager to learn new things and enjoy new experiences. Second I choose
Conscientiousness it will Standard features of this dimension include high levels of
thoughtfulness, good impulse control, and goal-directed behaviors.1 Highly conscientious people
tend to be organized and mindful of details. They plan ahead, think about how their behavior
affects others, and are mindful of deadlines.
(5 marks)

3. Elaborate TWO (2) major characteristics of abnormal behave

a. Anxiety disorders, such as social anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and generalized anxiety
disorder.
b. Personality disorders, such as borderline personality disorder, avoidant personality
disorder, and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

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LEI 2533 INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 2021

(5 Marks)
4. Explain TWO (2) psychological consequences of unemployment toward the graduates.
(5 Marks)

Depression
Unemployment not only increases the likelihood of disease, but it can greatly affect one's mental
health, leading to depression and decreased self-esteem. In addition, one can alienate family and
friends or feel alienated themselves which can result in lack of support in one's life

Anxiety
Otherwise, self-esteem is compromised during unemployment, leading to anxiety and self-doubt.
Seligman asserts that feelings of “helplessness” arise when a person believes they have little
influence over important events in their life such as securing meaningful work.

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LEI 2533 INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 2021

SECTION B (10 MARKS/ MARKAH)

Instructions/Arahan:

This section consists of ONE (1) question only. Answer the question.

Classical conditioning is a type of learning that had a major influence on the school of thought in
psychology known as behaviorism. Discovered by Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov, classical
conditioning is a learning process that occurs through associations between an environmental
stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.

1. Based on the picture above, try to relate the incident with classical conditioning.
Remember to label and explain the process in detail.
(10 marks)

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LEI 2533 INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 2021

SECTION C (10 MARKS/ MARKAH)

Instructions/Arahan:

This section consists of ONE (1) essay. Answer the question.

Unhappy with your company current policy, you have arranged a meeting with your senior
management board and would like to present few changes to the company policies based on the
Maslow Hierarchy of Needs that you have learnt. Present your ideas with relevant example for
each of the stages above.

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LEI 2533 INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 2021

The needs in Maslow’s hierarchy include physiological needs food and clothing, safety needs job
security, social needs friendship, self-esteem, and self-actualization. This hierarchy addressing
five needs can be used by managers to better understand employees’ motivation and
address them in ways that lead to high productivity and job satisfaction.

At the bottom of the pyramid are the physiological or basic human needs that are required for
survival: food, shelter, water, sleep, etc. If these requirements are not met, the body cannot
continue to function. Faced with a lack of food, love, and safety, most people would probably
consider food to be their most urgent need.

Once physical needs are satisfied, security (sometimes referred to as individual safety) takes
precedence. Security and safety needs include personal security, financial security, and health
and well-being. These first two levels are important to the physical survival of the person. Once
individuals have basic nutrition, shelter, and safety, they seek to fulfill higher-level needs.

The third level of need is social, which include love and belonging; when individuals have taken
care of themselves physically, they can address their need to share and connect with others.
Deficiencies at this level, on account of neglect, shunning, ostracism, etc., can impact an
individual’s ability to form and maintain emotionally significant relationships. Humans need to
feel a sense of belonging and acceptance, whether it comes from a large social group or a small
network of family and friends. Other sources of social connection may be professional
organizations, clubs, religious groups, social media sites, and so forth. Humans need to love and
be loved (sexually and non-sexually) by others. Without these attachments, people can
be vulnerable to psychological difficulties such as loneliness, social anxiety, and depression.
These conditions, when severe, can impair a person’s ability to address basic physiological needs
such as eating and sleeping.

The fourth level is esteem, which represents the normal human desire to be valued and validated
by others, through, for example, the recognition of success or status. This level also includes
self-esteem, which refers to the regard and acceptance one has for oneself. Imbalances at this
level can result in low self-esteem or an inferiority complex. People suffering from low self-
esteem may find that external validation by others through fame, glory, accolades.

The fifth level of the pyramid is self-actualization. At this stage, people feel that they have
reached their full potential and are doing everything they’re capable of. Self-actualization is
rarely a permanent feeling or state. Rather, it refers to the ongoing need for personal growth and
discovery that people have throughout their lives. Self-actualization may occur after reaching an
important goal or overcoming a particular challenge, and it may be marked by a new sense
of self-confidence or contentment.

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LEI 2533 INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY 2021

END OF TEST QUESTIONS

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