CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT DURING 1958 TO 1969

Ayub khan Era can be divided into two parts

First period started from October 1958 and lasted in March 1962 when the
constitution of 1962 was enforced

The 2nd period started from 1962 with enforcement of the constitution and reforms
lasted till 1969.

1. Administrative reforms
Various step to improve the administrative machinery. All these who were
involved in corruption, nepotism and favoritism. He formed special
committee for remove the corrupt officers from services. A training scheme
for the central and provincial officer was also improve their efficiency.
2. Rehabilitation of the refuges
The task to rehabilitation minister general Muhammad azam khan under his
guidance effective step was taken to rehabilitation urban refuges. Who lived
in large number of helter shelter, colonies were built. Which solved the
problem to a great extent?
3. Indus basin treaty
President ayub khan trying to improve relation with neighboring india. Due
to his initiative the border demarcation was finalized b/w the two countries
in 1959. Indus basin treaty for sharing water was also signed in 1960 b/w
Pakistan and india through the mediation of world bank.
4. Tashkent declaration
Soviet P.M Alexie kosygen invited both president ayub khan Pak and P.M
Lal bahadur shastri to meet together. Meeting took place on January 10,
1966 at Tashkent a nine points declaration was signed both party for
respectful solution of Kashmir and other matter b/w two countries.
5. Basic democracies
Another important measure of the president ayub khan govt is issued the
basic democracies order in October 1959. It introduced a four tier structure
of representative bodies. But in 1962 the provincial development advisory
council was abolished.
The four tires were
 a. Union council b. tehsil council c. district council d. divisional
council

Union council was the lowest tier and directly elected by people. The first election
to the basic democracies was held in January 1960.

6. First referendum in Pakistan

The basic democrats were later turned into a electoral college for the
election of the president and member of the provincial and central
legislature. In February 1960 ayub khan elected himself as president through
a referendum.
7. Regional cooperation development
At the imitative of the ayub khan govt the R.C.D was brought about on july
21, 1964 b/w iran, turkey and Pakistan. It provided for understanding and
common benefit in the economic, commercial, and cultural fields of these
three countries.
8. Presidential election
In 1965 presidential election were held under 1962 constitution. The contest
b/w ayub khan and miss fatma Jinnah. The opposition was on the back of
miss fatma Jinnah. On the other hand ayub khan was a candidate from the
convention muslim league. Ayub khan used governmental machinery and
80000 basic democrats and won the election.
9. Pak- india war 1965
In 1965 there was a second war b/w Pak india on the issue of Kashmir. This
war continues for seventeen days and india received heavy losses in this war.