Jimma University

College of Social Science and Humanities

Department of Geography and Environmental

Studies

Individual Practical Assignment for GIS and RS

Post Graduate MSc 2nd year Second Semister
Students Advanced Digital Image Processing Course
By: Reshad Aliyi Adem

Submitted To: Workinesh (MSc)

ID:RM0745/15
Table of Contents pages
Submitted To: Workinesh (MSc)............................................................................................................1
ID:RM0745/15.......................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................................................2
Change Detection Analysis................................................................................................................2
Discussions............................................................................................................................................3
Land use and land cover classes Botor Tolay in 2008..........................................................................4
Table of LULC class in 2008.................................................................................................................6
Land use and land cover classes (2023).................................................................................................7
Table of LULC class in 2023.................................................................................................................7
Map of LULC detection from 2008-2023..............................................................................................8
Table of LULC detection from 2008-2023...........................................................................................8
Instructor :Workinesh (MSc).........................................................................................................10
Students ID:RM0745/15.................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION

Change Detection Analysis

Change detection can be defined as the process of identifying differences in the state of
object or phenomena by observing them at different times by using remote sensing
techniques. Essentially, it also involves the ability to quantify temporal applications of
remotely-sensed data obtained from Earthorbiting satellites. There are four aspects of change
detection which are important when monitoring natural resources such as detecting the
changes that have occurred, identifying the nature of the change, measuring the area extent of
the change and assessing the spatial pattern of the change (Singh, 1989).

Remote sensing data are commonly used for vegetation mapping and monitoring. Especially,
green cover inventory, yield and production forecasting, and vegetation growing assessment
are just some of the ways in which satellite imagery has been used. Healthy vegetation cover
shows that the peak reflectance can be found in the near-infrared wavelengths because of the
internal structure of ‘green’ leaves, and the greatest absorption is in the red wavelengths
because of the presence of chlorophyll3. This chlorophyll which is present in leaves ensures
the production of organic matter from inorganic matter during light of day. Electromagnetic
energy between 0.63–0.69 µm wavelength, generated from the sun, is obtained during this
process. Vegetation density is changed by seasonal and annual dynamics. The daily temporal
resolution and globe coverage of satellite sensors (advanced very high resolution radiometer
[AVHRR], onboard National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration satellites) make it
possible to monitor vegetation density and healthy at different spatial and temporal
resolutions at the regional, continental, and global scales4. Normalised Difference Vegetation
Index (NDVI) is formulated using nearinfrared (NIR) and visible red (R) light to examine the
presence of a single band normalised vegetation index by collecting plant. Digital number
(DN) and different bands values are used to NDVI calculation .

Discussions

The spatial distribution, trend, pattern and the change of each land use land cover classes in
the analyised area were summarized as follows for the four analyised periods. Most of the
area occupied by this land use land cover class was located in Botor Tola woreda, Jimma
zone south eastern part . The analysis of TM, ETM+ and OLI satellite images showed that in
first analyised period from 2008 to 2023 the total size of land area covered by forest was
45510.39 ha and 41817.90 ha,Agriculture was 25079.22 and 41817.90 ha, Setlement
14518.62 and 46065.72 ha, Water Body 223.59 and 266.06 ha , Bare Land 10418.27 and
58.47 ha, ha respectively.

Land Use Land Change detection from 2008-2023 were as Forest to

Settlement 8024.40ha, Forest to Agriculture 2592.01, Forest to Forest 34828.57
Forest to Bareland 10.99 , Forest toWater Body 78.55, Water Body to Settlemen t 44.30,
Water Body to Agriculture 43.55 , Water Body to Forest 43.55, Water Body - Bare Land
0.01, Settlement to Settlement 12415.08 ,Setlement to Agriculture 1200.30 , Setlement to
Forest 884.39 Setlement to Bare Land 9.14,Setlement -Water Body 5.78 ,Bare Land to
Setlement 8746.38,Bare Land to Agriculture 1079.80,Bare Land to Forest580.74,Bare
Land to Bare Land 6.56,Bare Land to Water Body2.00,Agriculture to Setlement
16858.94,Agriculture to Agriculture2659.28,Agriculture to Forest
5464.95,Agriculture to Bare Land 31.55,Agriculture to Water Body
47.13,Total 95750.10 Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of 2008
between 0.491051 to 0.0704629,and Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) of 2023
between 0.493678 to -0.16196

Land use and land cover classes Botor Tolay in 2008

Table of LULC class in 2008

Class_Name2008
Area
Forest 45510.39

Water Body 223.59

Setlement 14518.62
Bare Land 10418.27
Agriculture 25079.22
Total 95750.10
Land use and land cover classes (2023)

Table of LULC class in 2023

Class_Name2023 Area
Settlement 46065.72
Agriculture 7541.94
Forest 41817.90
Bare Land 58.47
Water Body 266.06
Total 95750.10
Map of LULC detection from 2008-2023

Table of LULC detection from 2008-2023

Class_Change2008_to2023 Area_Change
Forest – Settlement 8024.40
Forest – Agriculture 2592.01
Forest – Forest 34828.57
Forest - Bare Land 10.99
Forest - Water Body 78.55
Water Body – Settlement 44.30
Water Body – Agriculture 3.14
Water Body – Forest 43.55
Water Body - Bare Land 0.01
Water Body - Water Body 132.56
Settlement – Settlement 12415.08
Setlement – Agriculture 1200.30
Setlement – Forest 884.39
Setlement - Bare Land 9.14
Setlement - Water Body 5.78
Bare Land – Setlement 8746.38
Bare Land – Agriculture 1079.80
Bare Land – Forest 580.74
Bare Land - Bare Land 6.56
Bare Land - Water Body 2.00
Agriculture – Setlement 16858.94
Agriculture – Agriculture 2659.28
Agriculture – Forest 5464.95
Agriculture - Bare Land 31.55
Agriculture - Water Body 47.13
Total 95750.10

NDVI in 2008

NDVI in 2023
Instructor :Workinesh (MSc)

Students ID:RM0745/15