DN-016-Rev 0-Design Procedure of RC Beams

RC BEAM DESIGN PROCEDURE
DN-016
PREPARED BY
Joby Mathews – Associate, Building Structures
QA/QC
ISSUE/REVISION FIRST ISSUE REVISION 1 REVISION 2 REVISION 3

Remarks REV00
Date 25.06.21
Prepared by JOBY MATHEWS
Signature
Checked by BINSON AUGUSTINE / ANDY

VEALL
Signature
Authorised by ANDY VEALL
Signature
Project number N/A
Report number
File reference DN-016-Rev00- RC BEAM

DESIGN PROCEDURE
RC Beam Design Procedure
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Modelling & Analysis
3. Design
4. Interpretation of ETABS & SAFE Results
5. Reinforcement as per ACI 318-19
6. Reinforcement Detailing
Introduction
➢ To establish a Standard Method to Design RC beams which are part of Intermediate Moment Resisting Frames (IMRF)
using ETABS & SAFE.
➢ Existing beam schedule is complex and confusing for young engineers and contractors.
➢ Existing Standard Details and Beam Schedule is Modified to help Engineers to easily detail the reinforcement for the
beams and it will also help contractors to avoid mistakes while preparing shop drawings.
2. MODELLING & ANALYSIS ASSUMPTIONS
• Modelling geometry
• Assigning Materials
• Assigning member properties
• Assigning Loads and Load combinations
Modelling & Analysis
Modelling
➢ Analysis & Design Model is prepared using ETABS Ultimate and SAFE.
➢ ETABS Ultimate Model is used to design the beams for Lateral and Temperature Loads.
➢ The ETABS Ultimate doesn’t design the beams for the axial load. Engineer is expected to review the axial load and if
required to design it using S-Concrete.
➢ SAFE Model is prepared for the design of slabs for Gravity Loads and for Serviceability Design. Another SAFE model
is prepared for beam design from which reinforcement is arrived.
➢ To calculate the reinforcement for the beams subjected to Gravity Load, another SAFE Model is made with the E
value of concrete for slab reduced to 10% of the actual value. This will ensure load distribution from slab to beam
similar to the tributary area method.

Modelling & Analysis - Modelling
Building SAFE & ETABS Models
➢ The Beam location, Column Location, slab edge, slab openings and slab of varying thickness will be prepared in
AutoCAD and saved as DXF file.
➢ The DXF file is exported to SAFE or ETABS. The slab, beam, slab opening, column and walls are modelled in SAFE &
ETABS.
➢ The guideline for minimum slab thickness is given in clause 9.3 of ACI 318-19
Building SAFE & ETABS Models
➢ The minimum depth of the beam is as per clause 9.3 of ACI 318-19. These are
guidelines only to provide a starting point for analysis and design and can be
optimised or reduced to suit architectural / MEP limits.
SAFE MODEL OF BEAM SLAB ETABS MODEL OF BEAM SLAB

Assigning Materials In ETABS
➢ The concrete mix designation to have a prefix of C in ETABS model. Mix of cube
compressive strength 45MPa will be designated as C45.
➢ The cylinder compressive strength of concrete is 0.8x cube compressive
strength. For C45 mix, cylinder compressive strength is 36MPa.
DEFINE MATERIAL CONCRETE STRENGTH
MATERIAL PROPERTIES - CONCRETE GRADE

Assigning Materials In SAFE
➢ The concrete properties in SAFE is similar to ETABS.
➢ The cylinder compressive strength of concrete is 0.8 x cube compressive
strength. For C45 mix, cylinder compressive strength is 36MPa.
➢ The modulus of rupture to be 0.5 X (fc’)0.5 which is a realistic modulus of
rupture when compared to ACI 318 - 19 formula which is 0.62 X (fc’)0.5 .
DEFINE MATERIALS MATERIAL PROPERTIES - CONCRETE GRADE

Assigning Materials In SAFE & ETABS
➢ The reinforcement for flexure will have yield stress fy = 500MPa and for shear
will have fy = 420MPa. (!! check flexural value for KSA projects – generally
ASTM615 rebar available with Fy=420Mpa)
➢ The reinforcement designation to have a prefix of R in ETABS model.
Reinforcement of Grade 500 will be designated as R500.
➢ The yield strength and tensile strength to be based on the Table E.1
corresponding to ASTM 615M
REINFORCEMENT STRENGTH MATERIAL PROPERTIES -

REINFORCEMENT GRADE R500
Modelling & Analysis – Modelling - Assigning Materials
Modulus of Elasticity & Rupture
➢ The modulus of elasticity is as per clause 19.2.2.1, equ. 19.2.2.1b of ACI 318-19.
➢ Though the modulus of rupture for slabs using reinforcement of f y less than 550MPa
as per clause 19.2.3.1 of ACI 318 - 19 is 0.62 X (fc’)0.5 but the preferred value is 0.5 X (fc’)0.5.
➢ For fy in excess of 550MPa the modulus of rupture shall be as per clause 8.3.1.1 of ACI
318-19 which is 0.41 X (fc’)0.5
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY– For Reference

Modelling & Analysis – Modelling
Assigning Member Properties - Slab
➢ The member properties in SAFE is only discussed here. The designer can refer to
the User Express Manual for ETABS for similar information to be used in ETABS.
➢ The RC slab to have a designation starting with S followed by depth and Grade of
concrete. RC slab of 200mm thick of Grade C45 will be S200C45 in SAFE.
➢ The section types are as follows S = RC slabs, DR = drop panels.
➢ If the slab type is assigned as drop, then the drop will be checked for punching in
SAFE.
➢ It is generally recommended to use the thick-plate if shear deformation is
expected to be small, or unless you are trying to match a theoretical thin-plate

SECTION PROPERTIES-SLABS
solution.
Assigning Member Properties - Slab
SECTION PROPERTIES-DROP SECTION PROPERTIES-COLUMN STIFF

Assigning Member Properties - Beams
➢ The RC beam to have a designation starting with B followed by Width x Depth and Grade of concrete. RC beam of
300x300 of Grade C45 will be B300x700C45 in SAFE.
➢ The Cover to reinforcement to be to the centroid of the reinforcement.
SECTION PROPERTIES-SLABS
Assigning Member Properties – Columns
➢ The RC column to have a designation starting with C followed by
Width x Depth and Grade of concrete. RC column of 400x1500 of
Grade of Concrete C60 will be C400x1500C60 in SAFE.
➢ The circular column of 600mm diameter and of Grade of Concrete
C60 will be C600C60.
➢ The dimension parallel to 2 axis of the column should be always the
length of the column and then on plan it should be rotated if required
to match with the orientation of column as per the structural general
arrangement plan.
➢ Assign Stiff Slab above column by checking “include automatic rigid
zone area over column”.
SECTION PROPERTIES-COLUMNS
Assigning Member Properties – Walls
➢ The RC wall to have a designation starting with W followed by thickness and Grade of concrete. RC wall of 250
thick of Grade C60 will be W250C60 in SAFE.
➢ As ETABS designs the wall for the out of plane moment, the option for wall takes out of plane moment to be
checked.
SECTION PROPERTIES-WALLS
Assigning Member Properties – Walls
➢ The RC wall to have a designation starting with W followed by thickness and Grade of concrete. RC wall of 250
thick of Grade C60 will be W250C60 in SAFE.
➢ As ETABS designs the wall for the out of plane moment, the option for wall takes out of plane moment to be
checked.
SECTION PROPERTIES-WALLS
Assigning Loads & Load Combinations
➢ The Load Patterns are assigned in SAFE & ETABS. Refer Express User Manual for both Software for details.
LOAD PATTERNS
LOAD CASES
Assigning Loads & Load Combinations
➢ The Load Patterns are assigned in SAFE & ETABS. Refer Express User Manual for both Software for details.
LOAD PATTERNS
LOAD CASES
Modelling & Analysis – Modelling - Assigning Loads & Load Combinations
Load Cases for Long Term & Incremental Long Term Deflection
➢ The Long term deflection is explained in detail in DN-002-Rev 0-Guide to Long Term Deflection using SAFE .
➢ Refer also Express User Manual for SAFE for quick reference.
A - LOAD CASE FOR IMMEDIATE B - LOAD CASE FOR IMMEDIATE

DEFLECTION DUE TO ALL LOADS DEFLECTION DUE TO DEAD LOADS
➢ Cracked analysis for permanent load with short-term concrete modulus is given as (DEAD + ΨL LIVE), in which ΨL
(Portion of Sustained Live Load) as shown below:
❖ For Residences & offices assume that ΨL = 0.25
❖ For Parking ΨL = 0.25 (ΨL = 1.0 As per DM requirements)
❖ For MEP equipment & Tanks ΨL = 1.00
C - LOAD CASE FOR IMMEDIATE

DEFLECTION DUE TO SUSTAINED LOADS
➢ The creep coefficient for the non linear long term cracked analysis is 2.0.
➢ The shrinkage strain is considered as 0.0005.
➢ Long-term cracked analysis (with creep and shrinkage) for permanent load with long-term concrete modulus is
given as (DEAD + ΨL LIVE), in which ΨL (Portion of Sustained Live Load) as shown below:
❖ For Residences & offices assume that ΨL = 0.25
❖ For Parking ΨL = 0.25 (ΨL = 1.0 As per DM requirements)
❖ For MEP equipment & Tanks ΨL = 1.00
D - LOAD CASE FOR LONG TERM

DEFLECTION DUE TO SUSTAINED LOADS
➢ An additional load case is required to calculate the immediate deflection due to live load.
➢ The Load Combinations for Immediate Live, Total Long Term

E - LOAD CASE FOR IMMEDIATE and Immediate Long Term to be used in SAFE is given below.
DEFLECTION DUE TO SELF WEIGHT
❖ Deflection due to Immediate Live = A – B
❖ Deflection due to Total Long Term = D + A – C
❖ Deflection due to Incremental Long Term = D + A – C – 1.5xE

➢ The Load Combinations for Immediate Live, Total Long Term and Immediate Long Term to be used in SAFE is
given below.
LOAD COMBINATION FOR IMMEDIATE LOAD COMBINATION FOR TOTAL LOAD COMBINATION FOR
DEFLECTION DUE TO LIVE LOAD LONG TERM DEFLECTION INCREMENTAL LONG TERM
DEFLECTION
Load Combination for Strength
➢ The Gravity Load Combinations for Strength used in SAFE is shown below.
➢ The load combinations for Lateral load (Wind & Seismic) and Thermal is in ETABS Ultimate Model. Refer to ETABS
Express Manual for details.
LOAD COMBINATION - DEAD LOAD COMBINATION - LIVE LOAD COMBINATION FOR LOAD COMBINATION FOR
STRENGTH - DEAD STRENGTH – DEAD + LIVE
Cracking Analysis
➢ The Cracked analysis is performed to assess the Long Term Deflection.
➢ The reinforcement for cracking analysis should be as per clause 24.4.3.2 as per ACI 318-19 Code.
➢ The approach is same in SAFE & ETABS Ultimate Model. Refer to SAFE/ETABS Express Manual for details.
CRACKING ANALYSIS CRITERIA- SAFE

Lateral Load (Wind/Seismic) & Thermal Analysis
➢ The slab is designed for lateral load (wind or seismic) and thermal load using ETABS Ultimate.
➢ The SAFE being a 2D model offers relatively more restrain to vertical elements when compared to ETABS
Ultimate which results in more reinforcement in slab. To avoid the same ETABS Ultimate is preferred over SAFE.
➢ The slab will be designed for lateral load from the Strength ETABS Ultimate model with the conventional
modifiers for elements.
➢ The slab will be designed for thermal stresses from the Thermal ETABS Ultimate model. The approach for
stiffness modifiers is different for Dubai & Saudi Arabia.

Lateral Load (Wind/Seismic) Analysis
➢ The stiffness modifiers for the Strength ETABS Ultimate model is shown below.
REGION RC SLAB RC BEAM COLUMN SHEAR WALLS
m11, m22, T I22, I33 A T I22, I33 f11, f22 f12 m11, m22,
m12 m12
SAUDI 0.25* 0.01**** 0.35 1.00 0.70* 0.70* 0.7/0.35* 0.7/0.35* 0.7/0.35*
DUBAI 0.25* 0.35**** 0.35 1.00 0.70* 0.70* 0.7/0.35* 0.7/0.35* 0.7/0.35*
➢ * For cracked wall sections in accordance with ACI 318 -19.
➢ **** If the torsional stiffness of the beams is required for the stability of the structure and not for deformation
compatibility, the torsion modifier will be set to 1.0.
➢ The torsional modifier for external beams (slab edges) can be 0.15 instead of 0.35 for Dubai projects.
➢ The torsion can be released completely in case of compatibility torsion in Saudi projects.
➢ The PT slabs and beams will be having a modifier equal to 1.4 times of RC slabs and beams.
Thermal Analysis
➢ A temperature variation of ±20°C is provided in all structural elements.
➢ Long-term modulus of elasticity is considered in the analysis. 0.33 Area and stiffness modifiers will be used for
➢ all elements as a compensation of the long-term modulus of elasticity reduction.
➢ Long-term Modulus of Concrete = E28 / (1+Creep coefficient) = E28 / (1+2) = 0.33E28
REGION RC SLAB RC BEAM COLUMN SHEAR WALLS
f11, f22 , f33 m11, m22, A T I22, I33 A T I22, I33 f11, f22 , m11, m22,
m12 f33 m12
Saudi 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.01* 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33 0.33
Dubai 0.50 0.50 1.00 0.35* 0.35 1.00 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.70
➢ * If the torsional stiffness of the beams is required for the stability of the structure and not for deformation
compatibility, the torsion modifier will be set to 1.0.
➢ The PT slabs and beams will be having a modifier equal to 1.4 times of RC slabs and beams.
3. DESIGN
• Design preferences
• Design load combinations
• Design strips
Design
Design Preferences in SAFE & ETABS
➢ The Design Preferences in SAFE & ETABS is same.
➢ Only SAFE is shown here. For ETABS User can refer to ETABS Express Manual for details.
➢ The Cover for slab and beams should be as per Design Basis Report.
DESIGN PREFERENCE - CODE DESIGN PREFERENCE – MINIMUM DESIGN PREFERENCE – MINIMUM

COVER FOR SLABS COVER FOR BEAMS
Design
➢ ETABS & SAFE allows to define cover for each beam. But it doesn’t allow to have separate cover for side face, top
& Bottom.
➢ When Beams have reinforcement at top & bottom in more than one layer there is a possibility of increasing the
cover in ETABS & SAFE to arrive at the equivalent effective depth, but it will also reduce the effective width of
beam which is used in torsion calculation leading to increase in torsion reinforcement or failure in torsion
reported by software.
➢ So it is advised to have the minimum cover assigned in ETABS as 65mm (Cover =
Clear Cover as project specification + Link Dia+ Centroid of 1st Layer of
Reinforcement) and increase the total reinforcement by 20% to account for multiple
layer (maximum 3 layers) of reinforcement.
DESIGN PREFERENCE – MINIMUM

COVER FOR BEAMS
Design
➢ The Strength Reduction Factors is as per Table 21.2.1 of ACI 318-19.
➢ For slab designed tor resist E (seismic force), the strength reduction factor
for shear shall also comply to clause 21.2.4.1 of ACI 318-19.
➢ For diaphragm, the strength reduction factor for shear shall not exceed
that of the vertical element resisting earthquake as per clause 21.2.4.2 of
ACI 318-19.
Design - Design Preferences in SAFE & ETABS
Load Combinations for Strength Design
➢ The Design load combinations for Gravity design used in SAFE is shown below.
DESIGN LOAD COMBINATION – U1 DESIGN LOAD COMBINATION – U2

4. INTERPRETATION OF ETABS & SAFE RESULTS
• Deflections
• Reinforcement Detailing
Interpretation of ETABS & SAFE Results
Deflection
➢ The deflection reported by SAFE should be evaluated for different cases.
➢ The Immediate deflection due to live load for a 9.0m x 9.0m grid for car park building with Live Load = 2.5KPa and
SDL = 1.0KPa is shown below. The slab is 225mm thick with drop panel of 350mm thick.
➢ The immediate deflection due to live load should be limited to L/360 for
floor slabs & L/180 for roof.
DEFLECTION = 7.1MM IMMEDIATE LIVE LOAD DEFLECTION– SAFE

Deflection
➢ The total long term deflection should be limited to L/240 for floor slabs & roof.
➢ In Dubai Municipality the maximum deflection is limited to 30mm.
DEFLECTION = 31.3MM TOTAL LONG TERM DEFLECTION– SAFE

Deflection
➢ The incremental long term deflection should be limited to L/480 for floor slabs & roof.
➢ For glass facades this should be limited to 20mm, otherwise detail of façade to be changed to accommodate the
deflection.
DEFLECTION = 19.5MM INCREMETNAL LONG TERM DEFLECTION–

SAFE
Deflection
➢ Sometimes the deflection reported in SAFE will be in excess of the limits set by the code.
➢ In such cases, the designer can consider Pre-camber of the slab.
❖ The Pre-camber can be 80% of the self weight deflection.
❖ The Specification for Concrete forming specifies pre-camber during construction in the section 1.5 related to
design requirements related to Camber.
❖ As per specification, Slab & Beams to achieve upward camber of 0.1% of span measured at centre.
❖ As per specification, Cantilever Beams to achieve upward camber of 0.2% of span measured at centre.
➢ Also the SAFE will be calculating the deflection based on minimum reinforcement criteria set by the user.
➢ If the actual reinforcement is considered the deflection calculation will be more accurate.
➢ The deflections can be controlled by increasing reinforcement in case Pre-Camber and increasing the slab
thickness is restricted.
Deflection
➢ In any case the total deflection is not allowed to exceed 30mm by Dubai Municipality (DM).
➢ Also DM doesn’t allow the Engineer to construct beams with Pre-Camber.
DESIGN ELEMENT DEFLECTION LIMIT AS PER ACI 318-08 & DM
Slabs & Beams supporting Brittle Relative deflection <=Span/480

Elements like Glass Facade
Slabs & Beams supporting Non Brittle Relative deflection <=Span/240
Elements & Finishes
Transfer Beam supporting Building Relative deflection <=Span/800
Columns (This is restriction by DM)
Reinforcement Detailing
➢ After ensuring that the deflection is within the limit, Engineer can start looking at the reinforcement.
➢ Both ETABS and SAFE will provide reinforcement in number of bars specified by the Engineer or in terms of area
at Top & Bottom.
➢ In ETABS the reinforcement reported at Top Longitudinal and Torsional Transverse Reinforcement is usually
higher as it accounts for temperature and lateral loads.
➢ It will be beneficial to detail the reinforcement based on ETABS first and then compare it with the SAFE model
and provide additional reinforcement if required. This will save time.
➢ SAFE reports Longitudinal and Transverse reinforcement for following cases:-
❖ Envelope Reinforcement
❖ Flexure Reinforcement
❖ Torsion Reinforcement
➢ The Envelope Longitudinal Reinforcement at Top & Bottom is sum of flexural reinforcement and half of torsional
reinforcement.
➢ But Torsional Longitudinal Reinforcement should be provided Equally on all the faces and not only at Top &
Bottom to avoid cracks due to Torsion.
➢ The Engineer should take Flexural Reinforcement at each location and add One Fourth of the Torsional
Reinforcement to it.
➢ The Envelope Transverse Reinforcement is sum of Flexural Shear Reinforcement and Torsional Shear
Reinforcement.
➢ The torsional shear reinforcement should be provided as the outer closed link and should not rely on the inner
links.
5. REINFORCEMENT AS PER ACI 318-19
• Minimum reinforcement
• Spacings bars
• Development lengths
• Distribution of bars
• Beam Column Joints
Reinforcement as per ACI 318-19
Minimum Flexural Reinforcement
➢ The minimum area of flexural reinforcement shall be as per clause 9.6.1.2.
➢ If As provided at every section is at least one-third greater than As required
by analysis, minimum reinforcement requirement need not be satisfied.

Minimum Shear Reinforcement
➢ The minimum shear reinforcement in nonprestressed beams is as per clause
9.6.3.1 & 9.6.3.4.
➢ There are few cases in which minimum shear reinforcement is not required
which is as per clause 9.6.3.1

Minimum Torsional Reinforcement
➢ The minimum transverse torsional reinforcement is as per clause 9.6.4.2.
➢ The minimum longitudinal torsional reinforcement is as per clause 9.6.4.3.

Minimum Spacing of Flexural Reinforcement
➢ Minimum Spacing of reinforcement shall be the least of the 25mm, of db and
4/3 times of db.
➢ A minimum spacing of 25mm between two layers of reinforcement arranged in the
same direction should be maintained.
Beam Width – 100mm

➢ Recommended rule of thumb for number of bars in one layer = 100mm
Eq+1
Maximum Spacing of Shear & Torsion Transverse Reinforcement
➢ The maximum spacing of legs of shear reinforcement along the length of
the member and across the width of the member shall be in accordance
with clause 9.7.6.2.2.
➢ The spacing of the transverse torsion reinforcement shall be the
least of the Ph/8 and 300mm as per clause 9.7.6.3.3.

Maximum Spacing of Side Face Reinforcement
➢ A maximum spacing of longitudinal reinforcement on side face of beams
exceeding depth of 900mm should be as per clause 9.7.2.3 and 24.3.2.

Maximum Spacing of Side Face Reinforcement
➢ For Reinforcement Grade Fe-500, cover to reinforcement 40mm, WIDTH/DEPTH OF BEAM NO OF BARS
diameter of corner bar 20mm and diameter of link 10mm, the 300 2
>300-500 3
minimum No. of Bars required to maintain limit of maximum spacing
>500-700 4
is given below. This is applicable for side face reinforcement.
>700-850 5
>850-1050 6
>1050-1250 7
>1250-1450 8
>1450-1650 9
>1650-1850 10
>1850-2050 11
>2050-2100 12
Development of Flexural Reinforcement
➢ Reinforcement shall extend beyond the point at which it is no longer
required to resist flexure for a distance equal to the greater of d and
12db, except at supports of simply-supported spans and at free ends
of cantilevers as per clause 9.7.3.3.
➢ Continuing flexural tension reinforcement shall have an embedment
length at least ℓd beyond the point where bent or terminated tension
reinforcement is no longer required to resist flexure as per clause
9.7.3.4.
Termination of Flexural Reinforcement
➢ At Simple support at least one third of the maximum positive
moment reinforcement shall extend along the beam bottom into the
support at least 150mm as per clause 9.7.3.8.1.
➢ At other supports at least one fourth of the maximum positive
moment reinforcement shall extend along the beam bottom into the
support at least 150mm, and if the beam is part of the lateral stability
system shall be anchored to develop yield strength at the face of the
support as per clause 9.7.3.8.2.

Termination of Flexural Reinforcement
➢ At least one third of the negative moment reinforcement at a
support shall have embedment length beyond the point of inflection
at least the greatest of d, 12db and ln/16 as per clause 9.7.3.8.4.

Longitudinal Torsional Reinforcement
➢ The torsional longitudinal reinforcement shall be distributed around
the perimeter of the closed stirrups with a spacing not greater than
300mm as per clause 9.7.5.1.
➢ The minimum diameter of the longitudinal torsion reinforcement
shall be at least 0.042 times the transverse reinforcement spacing
but not less than 10mm diameter as per clause 9.7.5.2.
➢ The development of longitudinal torsion reinforcement beyond the
point of requirement or into the support shall be as per clause 9.7.5.3
& 9.7.5.4.
Transverse Torsional Reinforcement
➢ The torsional transverse reinforcement shall extend beyond the
point required by analysis for at least a distance of (bt + d) as per
clause 9.7.6.3.3.
Lateral Support of Compression Reinforcement
➢ In case of Beam subjected to axial compression the transverse
reinforcement should be provided similar to column and the relevant
clauses are 9.7.6.4.2 through 9.7.6.4.4.

Structural Integrity Reinforcement
➢ Structural integrity reinforcement shall be provided and the relevant
clauses are 9.7.7.1 through 9.7.7.5 which will improve redundancy
and ductility in structures in the event of an abnormal loading or
damage to major supporting element.

Deep Beams
➢ The minimum reinforcement along the side face of deep beam shall
be as per clause 9.9.3.
➢ The spacing of side of face reinforcement shall be the least of d/5 and
300mm as per clause 9.9.4.3.

Beam – Column Joint
➢ The effective area within a beam-column joint shall be calculated as
per clause 15.4.2.4. These checks are done in special moment
resisting frames.
➢ If a beam framing into the joint and generating joint shear has depth
exceeding twice the column depth, analysis and design of the joint
shall be based on the strut-and-tie method as per clause 15.2.5.
➢ A column extension assumed to provide continuity through a beam-
column joint in the direction of joint shear as per clause 15.2.6 if all
the conditions as per the clause is satisfied.

➢ A beam extension assumed to provide continuity through a beam-
column joint in the direction of joint shear as per clause 15.2.7 if all
the conditions as per the clause is satisfied.
➢ A beam-column joint shall be considered to be confined for the
direction of joint shear as per clause 15.2.8 if all the conditions as per
the clause is satisfied.

➢ The reinforcement detailing of beam-column joint should be as per
clause 15.3.1.1 if the conditions not similar to the conditions as per the
clause.
➢ The longitudinal and transverse reinforcement within a beam-
column joint shall be as per clause 15.3.1.2 through 15.3.1.4.

➢ The nominal shear strength of beam-column joint should be as per
clause 15.4.2.3.
➢ If the compressive strength of concrete of floor system is less than
0.7 times the compressive strength of concrete of column in a beam-
column joint then the conditions of clause 15.5.1 should be satisfied.
600MM MINIMUM
Beams – Ordinary Moment Frames
➢ Beams shall have at least two continuous bars at both top and
bottom faces. Continuous bottom bars shall have area not less than
one-fourth the maximum area of bottom bars along the span as per
clause 18.3.2.
Beams – Intermediate Moment Frames
➢ Beams shall have at least two continuous bars at both top and
bottom faces. Continuous bottom bars shall have area not less than
one-fourth the maximum area of bottom bars along the span as per
clause 18.4.2.1.
➢ The reinforcement at the face of the joint shall be as per clause
18.4.2.2.
Beams – Intermediate Moment Frames
➢ The shear strength of Beams shall be as per clause 18.4.2.3.
➢ The distribution of transverse reinforcement in the beam shall be as
per clause 18.4.2.4 through 18.4.2.6.

Standard Hooks of Reinforcement
➢ The standard hook for the development of reinforcement should be as per
the clause 25.3.1 of ACI 318-19.

➢ The minimum inside bend diameter for bars used as transverse
reinforcement and standard hook of stirrups shall be as per the clause 25.3.2
of ACI 318-19.
➢ The arrangement of cross ties shall be as per the clause 25.3.5 of ACI 318-19.
Development Length of Reinforcement
➢ The development length of reinforcement in tension should be as per the
clause 25.4.2 of ACI 318-19.
➢ The designer to follow WSP Structural General Notes sheet for the
development length.
➢ The straight portion of the development length of reinforcement should be
as per the clause 25.4.3 of ACI 318-19.

➢ The development length of reinforcement in compression should be as per
the clause 25.4.9 of ACI 318-19.
➢ The designer to follow WSP Structural General Notes sheet for the
development length.
Torsion & Structural Integrity Transverse Reinforcement
➢ The torsion and structural integrity reinforcement in beam be as per the
clause 25.7.1.6 of ACI 318-19.
➢ The transverse ties formed out of pair of U Stirrups spliced each other is not
allowed in case of torsion and structural integrity reinforcement.

6. REINFORCEMENT DETAILING
Development Length of Reinforcement – WSP Standards

Orientation & Notation Reinforcement Arrangement – WSP Standards

Orientation & Notation Reinforcement Arrangement– WSP Standards

Beam - Column Joint – WSP Standards

Level Drop in Beam Soffit – WSP Standards

Thank you!
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DN-016-Rev 0-Design Procedure of RC Beams

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DN-016-Rev 0-Design Procedure of RC Beams

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RC BEAM DESIGN PROCEDURE

ISSUE/REVISION FIRST ISSUE REVISION 1 REVISION 2 REVISION 3

Prepared by JOBY MATHEWS

Checked by BINSON AUGUSTINE / ANDY

Authorised by ANDY VEALL

Project number N/A

File reference DN-016-Rev00- RC BEAM

2. Modelling & Analysis

4. Interpretation of ETABS & SAFE Results

5. Reinforcement as per ACI 318-19

using ETABS & SAFE.

required to design it using S-Concrete.

is prepared for beam design from which reinforcement is arrived.

similar to the tributary area method.

Building SAFE & ETABS Models

AutoCAD and saved as DXF file.

Building SAFE & ETABS Models

optimised or reduced to suit architectural / MEP limits.

SAFE MODEL OF BEAM SLAB ETABS MODEL OF BEAM SLAB

Assigning Materials In ETABS

compressive strength 45MPa will be designated as C45.

➢ The cylinder compressive strength of concrete is 0.8x cube compressive

strength. For C45 mix, cylinder compressive strength is 36MPa.

DEFINE MATERIAL CONCRETE STRENGTH

MATERIAL PROPERTIES - CONCRETE GRADE

Assigning Materials In SAFE

➢ The concrete properties in SAFE is similar to ETABS.

➢ The cylinder compressive strength of concrete is 0.8 x cube compressive

strength. For C45 mix, cylinder compressive strength is 36MPa.

➢ The modulus of rupture to be 0.5 X (fc’)0.5 which is a realistic modulus of

rupture when compared to ACI 318 - 19 formula which is 0.62 X (fc’)0.5 .

DEFINE MATERIALS MATERIAL PROPERTIES - CONCRETE GRADE

Assigning Materials In SAFE & ETABS

ASTM615 rebar available with Fy=420Mpa)

➢ The reinforcement designation to have a prefix of R in ETABS model.

Reinforcement of Grade 500 will be designated as R500.

corresponding to ASTM 615M

REINFORCEMENT STRENGTH MATERIAL PROPERTIES -

Modulus of Elasticity & Rupture

318-19 which is 0.41 X (fc’)0.5

MODULUS OF ELASTICITY– For Reference

Assigning Member Properties - Slab

concrete. RC slab of 200mm thick of Grade C45 will be S200C45 in SAFE.

➢ The section types are as follows S = RC slabs, DR = drop panels.

➢ It is generally recommended to use the thick-plate if shear deformation is

expected to be small, or unless you are trying to match a theoretical thin-plate

Assigning Member Properties - Slab

SECTION PROPERTIES-DROP SECTION PROPERTIES-COLUMN STIFF

Assigning Member Properties - Beams

300x300 of Grade C45 will be B300x700C45 in SAFE.

➢ The Cover to reinforcement to be to the centroid of the reinforcement.

Assigning Member Properties – Columns

➢ The RC column to have a designation starting with C followed by

Width x Depth and Grade of concrete. RC column of 400x1500 of

Grade of Concrete C60 will be C400x1500C60 in SAFE.

➢ The circular column of 600mm diameter and of Grade of Concrete

C60 will be C600C60.

➢ The dimension parallel to 2 axis of the column should be always the

length of the column and then on plan it should be rotated if required

to match with the orientation of column as per the structural general

➢ Assign Stiff Slab above column by checking “include automatic rigid

zone area over column”.

Assigning Member Properties – Walls