Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Exercise 3
Exercise 3
With ‘peanuts’ and ‘butter’ in its game, peanut butter doesn’t (1)…………… (EXACT) sound good for
us. Common sense tells us that neither food is a particularly healthy (2)…………… (CHOOSE) given
their high fat content. The product’s (3)…………… (POPULAR), however, has led to research, and
it’s good news to learn that many food science (4)…………… (SPECIAL) say it isn’t as bad for us as
Peanut butter is (5)…………… (DOUBT) versatile – it can be eaten with everything from raw
vegetable sticks to toast – but the fat it contains is also monounsaturated (the ‘right’ kind of fat),
which is believed to be good for the heart. Peanut butter also contains a (6)……………
(SUBSTANCE) amount of protein, which contains important nutrients for growing kids. (7)
…………… (ADD), it contains iron, B vitamins and fibre, all of which are necessary for the (8)
…………… (MAINTAIN) of a healthy body. So, next time you’re told to put the top back on the jar,
you’ll be able to offer an (9)…………… (EXPLAIN) as to why just one more spoonful is good for you!
I turned 16 last week. And I have to say that (1)…………… (INITIAL), I didn’t enjoy my birthday
much. I usually get some birthday (2)…………… (GREET) from my friends on social media. But
After school, I noticed that the friends I usually walk home with had all (4)…………… (APPEAR), so I
walked back alone. But then when I got back to my house, there were lots of (5)……………
(DECORATE) and balloons on the outside. ‘OK,’ I thought, ‘this looks more (6)……………
(PROMISE).’ So I went inside, and there, waiting in the sitting room, were all of my school friends!
Seeing them there was so (7)…………… (EXPECT)! Together with my parents, they’d arranged this
surprise party. And they’d done it all without my (8)…………… (KNOW)! In fact, it was probably the
With the world population rising and (1)…………… (AVAILABLE) of food sources decreasing, what
will we be eating in the future? Food science (2)…………… (SPECIAL) say that by 2050, we will be
consuming less meat and more fish. And with food prices rising, another likely result is that
more of us will reach the (3)…………… (CONCLUDE) that becoming vegetarian is a good idea. Then
there is the (4)…………… (POSSIBLE) that we will eat more seaweed and insects, and perhaps even
‘superfood’ bars, which would be (5)…………… (SAME) to the kinds of things astronauts eat in
space.
Today’s technology could (6)…………… (ABLE) manufacturers to produce what may become
known as ‘functional’ foods. These are foods that are (7)…………… (INDIVIDUAL) designed for
different sectors of (8)…………… (SOCIAL) This means that there will be foods adapted not only for
babies, which we already see in supermarkets, but for teens, women, men and elderly people,
too. Because the food will be (9)…………… (SCIENCE) engineered, we will also be healthier!
Hope in a Ballet Shoe is the (1)…………… (POWER) autobiography of ballet dancer Michaela
DePrince.
Michaela had a strict (2)…………… (BRING) in Sierra Leone. There are several (3)……………
(DESCRIBE) of her early days there which are particularly well-written. A turning point in her life
was her (4)…………… (ADOPT) by an American couple at the age of four, and her move with them
to the USA. At first, she found that all the cultural (5)…………… (DIFFERENT) were hard to get used
to. But she grew to love her new home, and the book shows how love and (6)…………… (PATIENT)
can overcome these difficulties – and help people to achieve their goals. Michaela was
absolutely (7)…………… (DETERMINE) to become a ballet dancer and practised for hours on end.
Her family were there for her all the time, supporting her and eventually (8)…………… (ABLE) her
to succeed. Michaela is now a world-famous ballerina with the Dutch National Ballet.
I would certainly recommend Hope in a Ballet Shoe to anyone from the age of eleven upwards. It
It was warm, round, had a (1)…………… (FANTASY) view of a lake and appears to have been
occupied for several hundred years. Welcome to the oldest house in the UK, which was found
with other fascinating relics (2)…………… (NEAR) at a site in North Yorkshire. These remains are
The structure was 3.5 metres in (4)…………… (WIDE) and was supported by a circle of wooden
posts. Dark, decayed matter at the centre of the ruin suggests the possibility of a roof entirely
made of grasses. (5)…………… (INVESTIGATE) of the remains by scientists revealed that the
building stood in 8,500 BC. It was (6)…………… (ORIGIN) thought that people living in Britain at
this time were nomadic with no fixed homes. But the (7)…………… (DISCOVER) of the oldest
known house provides clear (8)…………… (EVIDENT) that some of these people built large
permanent structures. Researchers of the site, however, are (9)…………… (SURE) about how long
the house will remain the ‘oldest’ in the UK, because new finds are being made all the time.
Flying has always had a (1)…………… (FASCINATE) for me. During my childhood I was often taken
to air shows, where I could see planes close up and even go inside them. However, it was not
until I was twenty that I made the (2)…………… (DECIDE) to apply for an eighteen-month training
course to become a pilot. There was no funding available for students on this course so (3)
…………… (FORTUNATE) I had to wait six months for a suitable job (4)…………… (VACANT), but then
the (5)…………… (COMMIT) I had shown was rewarded when I got a job with a large airline.
I’ve been a pilot for three years now, and I remain just as (6)…………… (ENTHUSIASM) about
flying. I love the modern jet aircraft with all their sophisticated equipment as well as the (7)
…………… (VARY) of challenges that occur on a (8)…………… (DAY) basis. And, of course, it’s
wonderful to visit places all over the world, not to mention the (9)…………… (SPECTACLE) views I
I always enjoy travelling, (1)…………… (PARTICULAR) when it means visiting other countries. One
disapprove of the place but I loved it as a child and found it just as (2)…………… (ENJOY) when I
I am (3)…………… (FORTUNE) that my work involves a lot of travel. The two places I visit most
often are Barcelona and New York. I like both, but there is a tremendous (4)……………
(DIFFERENT) between them. Barcelona is relaxed and overflowing with culture. New York,
though, is bustling and full of (5)…………… (EXCITE). When I’m there I’m constantly looking
upwards, overwhelmed by the (6)…………… (HIGH) of the buildings. It is quite (7)…………… (LIKE)
I went to Tokyo last year and found it absolutely fascinating. However, my top (8)……………
(CHOOSE) for a city break has to be Toronto; it is visually (9)…………… (SPECTACLE) and I’ve had
When a meal is (1)…………… (EXPENSE), do people say they enjoy it simply because it costs a lot of
money? There is some (2)…………… (EVIDENT) from an experiment in a New York restaurant
The restaurant served diners a meal but charged some (3)…………… (TWO) as much as others,
even though the meals were identical and taken in the same (4)…………… (SURROUND) with the
same level of service. After the meal everyone was asked what they thought of the meal. One
might think that the people who had paid least would be the most impressed with the meal. (5)
…………… (SURPRISE) though, it was those who had paid most who gave it the highest (6)……………
(RATE).
According to a well-known (7)…………… (PSYCHOLOGY) the reason for this finding is that a high
price for a meal is very (8)…………… (SIGNIFY) in convincing people that a meal is good. One
wonders if this might (9)…………… (COURAGE) restaurant owners to keep their prices high.
If you take an interest in the environment and (1)…………… keen to learn more about how you
can (2)…………… a real difference, the Young Green Group is for you. We are a club (3)……………
meets in towns and cities around the country and is open to anyone (4)…………… the ages of 11
and 16, who wants to (5)…………… involved in raising awareness of ‘green’ issues.
We know you’ve heard it all before: turn taps off (6)…………… you’re cleaning your teeth; take the
bus instead of asking for a lift; recycle, recycle, recycle! That is why this group offers (7)…………… a
little different at our weekly meetings. You’ll learn about the direct impact our lifestyles have (8)
…………… our wildlife and environment through a series of fun yet challenging activities. We’ll also
put you in touch with other young people around the globe (9)…………… that you can find out
what’s happening where they live. You may even be able to visit them!
For questions 1-9, read the text below and think of the word which best fits the gap. Use
Indian scientists have discovered seven new species of the tiny creatures known (1)……………
night frogs. Some of these are (2)…………… small that they can easily fit onto a coin or fingernail.
Indeed, the smallest of the new species is just 12 millimetres long, only a little bigger than the
world’s smallest identified frog (3)…………… measures an incredibly tiny 7.7 millimetres.
Many of the previously-identified 28 species of night frog have only been discovered in the last
few years because locating them (4)…………… be very difficult. (5)…………… is not only because of
their size, (6)…………… because they hide away under leaves and other vegetation. They also
make calls which sound (7)…………… insects’ calls and when scientists draw near, they stop calling
altogether.
At the moment, the frogs are fairly widespread in certain regions of India, but they will soon
need protecting due (8)…………… an increased human presence near their habitats. Whole
populations of the frogs could quickly become extinct (9)…………… these habitats were to
suddenly change.
B2 Use of English Test 3 – Writing the missing word in gaps
Use of English for B2
For questions 1-9, read the text below and think of the word which best fits the gap. Use
(1)…………… you’re into football, there’s no doubt you’ll like futsal, too. You may already have
heard of this exciting, fast-paced sport, (2)…………… how is it played? Recognised around the
world (3)…………… official football associations, futsal is similar to football, though it is different in
significant ways. (4)…………… than being played on a large outdoor pitch, futsal is usually played
on hard indoor courts, (5)…………… much smaller goals than football and never more than five
players. The ball is smaller and less bouncy than an ordinary football. Games last just 40
minutes. There is a half-time break and (6)…………… side can take one ‘time-out’ per half. This
is (7)…………… the clock is stopped for one minute, similar to (8)…………… happens in a basketball
match. The game is particularly good for young people, (9)…………… it encourages them to be
creative and develop technique in a small space, all of which is helpful in eleven-a-side football,
For questions 1-9, read the text below and think of the word which best fits the gap. Use
So my family have got (2)…………… to me talking about it all the time! I knew that my dad and his
brother also spent a lot of (3)…………… teenage years riding around on skateboards, so I guess it’s
a family thing. My dad had to give it up when he injured his back in a fall. But (4)……………
surprised me was finding out recently that my uncle still does it. We met at our annual family
reunion and I couldn’t believe what he was saying, especially as he’s no less (5)…………… 52 years
old. He says his skateboard is his favourite (6)…………… of getting to his office every day. He uses
it in (7)…………… to save time, which makes sense, as walking takes much longer. Plus it must be
easily the (8)…………… enjoyable form of transport. I hope I’m still doing it (9)…………… I’m 52!
B2 Use of English Test 5 – Writing the missing word in gaps
Use of English for B2
A possible solution to a major health problem
New research shows that an unhealthy diet can actually have a damaging effect (1)…………… the
brains and the behaviour of secondary school pupils. Some teenagers virtually live on junk
food, (2)…………… instance burgers and chocolate. These are often widely available, and can (3)
…………… bought on the way to or from school. For some teenagers, junk food makes up as (4)
…………… as 30 percent of their diet. ‘What’s more, fewer than one in ten teenagers eats the
recommended five daily portions (5)…………… fruit and vegetables. Experts are warning of a
nutrition crisis in (6)…………… teenagers are deprived of essential dairy products and proteins.
But (7)…………… to new research by Oxford University, giving teenagers a health supplement pill
can really help. The vast majority of teenagers in the UK eat absolutely (8)…………… fish at all, and
the pill contains fish oil that is essential for the teenage brain. Researchers found that this led to
I have to admit that until I went to Florida in the USA, I don’t think I (1)…………… ever heard of
manatees. They are large mammals which live in sea water and are also known (2)…………… ‘sea
cows’. This is partly due (3)…………… their cow-like appearance, and also because of their diet.
They are vegetarians who live (4)…………… weeds and grass that they find under water. In fact,
they can eat as (5)…………… as 50 kg of this is a day. The adult manatees weigh up to 590 kg.
Manatee populations have been suffering recently; in fact conservationists were (6)……………
concerned that they have declared the manatee an endangered species. When I went to see
these animals in the wild, (7)…………… amazed me was their appearance. Their lips have left and
right sides, which can move independently of (8)…………… another. Manatees are slow and
graceful in the water, which, (9)…………… me, was an incredible sight to see.
Many people will look back on tree-climbing (1)…………… a simple childhood pleasure and a
natural test of human strength, stamina and agility. But these days, it has turned (2)…………… a
more serious activity and is (3)…………… of the fastest-growing adventure sports in the country.
(4)…………… the invention of expensive gyms with indoor climbing walls, tree-climbing was a
cheap and simple way to get a similar type of exercise. These days, if you want to (5)……………
part in an organised tree-climbing activity, you (6)…………… to wear a helmet and attach yourself
to ropes in (7)…………… you should lose your footing. But otherwise, tree-climbing is a very eco-
Getting off the ground is perhaps the most challenging part of a climb. (8)…………… that, it’s about
using your legs, (9)…………… are much stronger than your arms, to drive yourself up the tree.
Reaching the top and then abseiling down again is a source of great satisfaction.
What do you do to help fight climate change? Two teenage boys from Scotland have just won an
award for their efforts. Niall Watson and Roarke Hughes call (1)…………… the Recyclists. They
pedal (2)…………… their neighbourhood on their bikes collecting rubbish to be recycled. In the
area (3)…………… the boys live, the local council only collects a few types of refuse to be recycled,
so the boys help their community to recycle more, in (4)…………… for a small fee.
Their business venture started three years (5)…………… as a way of making some extra pocket
money. Now Niall and Roarke have expanded their business. They have invested (6)……………
some chickens and now also sell their own organic eggs (7)…………… the cycle round the town.
The judges of the ‘Ethical Kids Award’, (8)…………… the boys won, were very impressed by them,
saying: ‘The Recyclists captured our imaginations straightaway. Their idea was innovative and
The gorilla experiment is famous in modern psychology. Participants are asked to watch a video
of friends playing an informal game of ball and count the (1)…………… of times the ball is passed
from one player to (2)…………… . The entire game and all the players are visible on screen
throughout the experiment, and only one camera was used to film it.
Halfway through the game, someone wearing a gorilla costume walks into the shot and begins
to (3)…………… part in the game. The figure remains on screen for around nine seconds. The
strange thing is that the viewers are (4)…………… busy counting the number of passes that around
half of (5)…………… regularly fail to notice the gorilla (6)…………… all. (7)…………… these people are
told about the gorilla, they are amazed to think they could (8)…………… missed it.
The experiment works every time, but why some people see the gorilla and others don’t remain
a mystery. Indeed, researchers have never been able to predict which participants (9)……………
Most of us buy a new pair (1)…………… fashionable sunglasses each year. To be honest, we
probably (2)…………… more thought into looking cool than we do into ensuring that the glasses
your image. It is rather to protect your eyes from the potentially harmful rays of the sun.
What’s (4)……………, price isn’t necessarily the best guide (5)…………… the effectiveness of
sunglasses. Indeed, expensive designer glasses may not provide the best defence against sun
damage. (6)…………… you may still want to choose a pair of sunglasses that look good on you, it’s
also crucial to check out just how effective they will be in protecting your eyes.
There are three types of light (7)…………… can harm the human eye. They are known (8)……………
ultra-violet light, visible light and infra-red light. If you (9)…………… the choice of sunglasses
seriously, then you will want to protect yourself against all three.
homes, Dai Haifei who was a (1)…………… graduate, decided to build his own portable house in
sustainable materials, including a bamboo frame and a grass-seeded covering. The tiny house
also used a solar panel for its energy (4)…………… to a handful of electrical gadgets, and it had
Just two metres tall at its highest point, there was only enough space for a bed, water tank, and
table. For three months Haifei (5)…………… in the ‘egg house’, which had no bathroom or kitchen
to cook in. (6)……………, he ate out and showered at the local pool where he paid for an annual
membership.
Although Haifei only (7)…………… his egg house for a short period of time, he enjoyed the
experience. He (8)…………… that rather than it being a serious project, he had ‘just wanted to
For questions 1-9, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
Chickens are smarter than you think
Ask people whether they think chickens are intelligent and most of them will answer a (1)
…………… ‘no’. This is because we (2)…………… to think of mammals, such as cats, dogs or horses,
as being smarter than birds. We also believe that birds like chickens do not feel emotions in the
Research has (3)……………, however, that this is not necessarily the (4)…………… . Chickens do
observe each other’s (5)……………, which means they can not only learn from each other but are
able to notice how other chickens are feeling too. The research proves that chickens have minds:
they have memory, thinking ability and emotions, and are (6)…………… of others and their
surroundings. Chickens also (7)…………… that they have complex social structures, often thought
to be a unique (8)…………… of mammals. Chickens, then, are just as sensitive as we are, and it is
For questions 1-9, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
England National Girls’ Football Week
by Amy King, 16
As most people are probably (1)……………, there is little doubt that football is England’s most
popular sport. However, most people don’t realise that the number of boys and men playing the
game is currently in (2)…………… . But I’m proud to say that the same is not (3)…………… of the girls’
and women’s game – in fact, far from it. In April 2015, Girls’ Football Week (4)…………… no less
than 22,000 girl players. Over 200 schools across England took part in the (5)…………… .
At the following Girls’ Football Week in October 2016, the focus was more about (6)……………
participation in women’s football across the country’s colleges and universities. Again, the event
seems to have been a (7)…………… success. At the last (8)……………, nearly three million girls and
women were registered as football players, which is fantastic to hear. But what is the best news
of all? My school has just (9)…………… plans to set up a girls’ football team next term. I will
For questions 1-9, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
The world’s quietest railway station
Some of the world’s most heavily used railway stations are (1)…………… in Japan. According to (2)
……………, 45 out of the 51 busiest in the world are in the country. Some 3.6 million passengers
travel through the busiest railway station, Shinjuku Station in Tokyo, every (3)…………… day.
But surprisingly, this small but (4)…………… populated country also has some stations which are
hardly used at all. Kyu-Shirataki Station, on the island of Hokkaido is in such a (5)…………… place
that it was only used by one person for a few years. High school student Kana Harada was a (6)
…………… passenger before it closed in 2016. The train stopped every morning to take high school
student Kana Harada to school, and every afternoon to drop her back at Kyu-Shirataki.
But keeping the station open for just one passenger simply was not (7)…………… . Therefore the
operator of the line, Hokkaido Railway Company, planned to close the station (8)…………… . But
when they found out that this would leave Kana with no (9)……………, they agreed to keep the line
open until she graduated from school. Although trains still use the line, the station itself is now
completely abandoned.
For questions 1-9, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
Lighting a town
The Norwegian town of Rjukan lies along the floor of a narrow valley, (1)…………… by sheer
mountains. Because of its location, the town, with its 3,400 (2)……………, has in the past lived in
shadow for half the year. During the day, from late September to mid-March, the town gets no
direct natural sunlight at all. Its residents all agreed this (3)…………… that the town was incredibly
However, that all changed in 2013 with the (4)…………… of a system of mirrors whose design
Martin Anderson, an artist, had first (5)…………… up with some 12 years earlier. With financial (6)
…………… from the local government and from several prominent business people, Anderson’s
idea became a (7)…………… . Today, high on the mountain opposite the town, (8)…………… three
large solar-powered, computer-controlled mirrors (9)…………… the precise movement of the sun
across the winter sky, reflecting its rays onto the town’s market square and flooding it in bright
sunlight.
For questions 1-9, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
The importance of science
The aim of science is to (1)…………… out how the world and everything in it, and beyond it, works.
Some people, though, (2)…………… that much of what is done in the name of science is a waste of
time and money. What is the (3)…………… in investigating how atoms behave or in studying stars
billions of kilometres away? Science, they argue, is of (4)…………… only if it has some practical use.
When the Scottish scientist James Clerk Maxwell (5)…………… experiments with electricity and
magnetism in the late 19th century, he had no particular end in (6)…………… and was certainly
not (7)…………… to make money; he was simply trying to reveal more about how the world works.
And yet his work laid the (8)…………… for our modern way of life. Computers, the internet,
satellites, mobile phones, televisions, medical scanners all owe their existence to the fact that a
For questions 1-9, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
A new partnership
In 1884, a small engineering firm was (1)…………… in a part of Manchester. Its owner had (2)
…………… to complete only two years in formal education yet was still successfully (3)…………… a
business. In 1903, he bought his first car but it did not meet his high (4)…………… and, being an
engineer, he could not (5)…………… having a go at improving it. By the following year he had
designed a new car himself, and then started manufacturing this model. One of his cars came to
the (6)…………… of a wealthy car salesman from an aristocratic background. He was (7)……………
impressed by the car and a meeting was (8)…………… between the two of them at the Midland
Hotel in Manchester. The meeting was a success and the two men decided to go into business
together. The name of the manufacturer was Henry Royce and that of the wealthy aristocrat,
Charles Rolls – and so the world-famous brand, the luxurious Rolls-Royce, was (9)…………… .
For questions 1-9, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
Dr Joseph Bell
Dr Joseph Bell was a distinguished Scottish doctor and professor at Edinburgh University in
the (1)…………… nineteenth century. He had remarkable powers of observation and deduction.
This (2)…………… him to accumulate useful information about patients in a very (3)…………… space
of time.
He was very good at (4)…………… where his patients were from by identifying small differences in
their accents. He could also (5)…………… a patient’s occupation from marks on their hand. He
claimed to be able to (6)…………… a sailor from a soldier just from the way they moved. If he
identified a person as a sailor he would look for any tattoos that might assist him in knowing
Dr Bell’s skills for observation and deduction (8)…………… a great impression on his students,
particularly on one called Arthur Conan Doyle. Conan Doyle went on to create the famous
fictional detective Sherlock Holmes, whose character was (9)…………… on that of Dr Bell.