VELAMMAL BODHI CAMPUS

“Velammal Knowledge Park”

Class : XII Marks : 70

Date : 15.02.2024 PHYSICS (042) Duration : 3 hours

General Instructions:
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and
Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning
based of 1 mark each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C
contains seven questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case study
based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three long answer
questions of five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one
question in Section B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section
D and all three questions in Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in
such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
(7) You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary
i. c = 3 x 108 m/s
ii. me = 9.1 x10-31 kg
iii. e = 1.6 x 10-19 C
iv. µ0 = 4  x 10-7 Tm𝑨
v. h = 6.63 x10-34 Js
vi. ε0 = 8.854 x10-12 𝑪𝟐𝑵−𝟏𝒎−𝟐
vii. Avogadro’s number = 6.023 X 𝟏𝟎23 per gram mole

Section A (16x1=16 M)
1. According to Coulomb’s law, which is the correct relation for the following figure?

q1
a) q1q2  0 b) q1q2  0 c) q1q2  0 d) 1  0
q2
2. An objects has charge of 1 C and gains 5.0 x 1018 electrons. The net charge on the
object becomes:
a)  0.80 C b)  0.80 C c) 1.80 C d)  0.20 C
3. Four charges – q, - q, +q and +q are placed at the corners of a square of side 2 L is
shown in figure. The electric potential at point A midway between the two charges
+q and +q is

1 2q  1  1 2q  1  1 q 1 
1)  1  2)  1  3)  1  4) zero
4 o L  5 4 o L  5 4 o L  5
4. A potential difference of 200 V is maintained across a conductor of resistance 100Ω,
The number of electrons passing through it in 1 s is
1) 1.25 1019 2) 2.5 1018 3) 1.25 1018 4) 2.5 1016
5. The magnetic field at the centre of a current carrying circular loop of radius R, is B1.
The magnetic field at a point on its axis at a distance R from the centre of the loop is
B2. Then the ratio (B1 / B2) is
1
1) 2 2 2) 3) 2 4) 2
2
6. Time period of oscillation of a magnetic needle is
I I MB MB
1) T  2) T  2 3) T  2 4) T  
MB MB I I
7. The self-inductance of a solenoid of 600 turns is 108 mH. The self-inductance of a
coil having 500 turns with the same length, the same radius and the same medium
will be
1) 95 mH 2) 90 mH 3) 85 mH 4) 75 mH
8. Proper arrangement of Gamma rays, Microwave, IR wave and UV rays in ascending
order of frequency is
1) Gamma rays > UV rays > IR rays > Microwave
2) Microwave > IR rays > UV rays > Gamma rays
3) UV rays > Gamma rays > Microwave > IR rays
4) IR rays > UV rays > Microwave > Gamma rays
9. Radiius of curvature of human eye is 0.78 cm. For an object at infinity, image is
formed at 3 cm behind the refracting surface. The refractive index of eye is
1) 1.35 2) 3 3)6.2 4) 1
10. In two positions concave mirror produces magnified image of given object. The
positions are
1) (i) At C, (ii) at F
2) (i) Between F and C, (ii) Between P and F
3) (i) Beyond C, (ii) Between P and F
4) (i) At C, (ii) between P and F
11. In Young’s double slit experiment, the distance between the slits is reduced to half
and the distance between the slits and the screen is doubled. The fringe width
1) will be double 2) will be half 3) will remain same 4) will be four times
12. A car battery is charged by a 12 V supply, and energy stored in it is 7.20 x 105J. The
charge passed through the battery is
1) 6.0 104 C 2) 5.8 103 C 3) 8.64 106 C 4) 1.6 105 C
13. Assertion : The photoelectrons produced by a monochromatic light beam incident
on a metal surface have a spread in their kinetic energies.
Reason : The energy of electrons emitted from inside the metal surface, is lost in
collision with the other atoms in the metal.
a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of
the Assertion
b) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not correct explanation of
the Assertion
c) Assertion is true, but Reason is false
d) Assertion is false and Reason is true
14. Assertion : According to Rutherford, atomic model, the path of an electron is
parabolic.
Reason : Rutherford could not explain the stability of the atom.
1) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of
the Assertion
2) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not correct explanation of
the Assertion
3) Assertion is true, but Reason is false
4) Assertion is false and Reason is true
15. Assertion : Two atoms of different elements having the same mass number but
different atomic numbers are called isobars.
Reason : Atomic number is the number of protons present and atomic mass is the
total number of protons and neutrons present in a nucleus.
1) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of
the Assertion
2) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not correct explanation of
the Assertion
3) Assertion is true, but Reason is false
4) Assertion is false and Reason is true
16. Assertion : When a p-n junction diode is reverse biased, a feeble reverse current
flows known as reverse saturation current.
Reason : In revverse bias condition, the minority carries can cross the junction.
1) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of
the Assertion
2) Both Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not correct explanation of
the Assertion
3) Assertion is true, but Reason is false
4) Assertion is false and Reason is true

Section – B ( 5x2=10 M)
17. A rectangular conductor LMNO is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.5 T. The
field is directed perpendicular to the plane of the conductor.

When the arm MN of length of 20 cm is moved towards left with a velocity of

10 ms-1, calculate the emf induced in the arm. Given the resistance of the arm to be
5 Ω (assuming that other arms are of negligible resistance), find the value of the
current in the arm.
18. Monochromatic light of frequency 6 x 1014 Hz is produced by a laser. The power
emitted is 2.0 x 10-3 w. How many photons per second on an average are emitted by
the source?
19. The ground state energy of hydrogen atom is – 13.6 eV. What is the potential energy
and kinetic energy of an electron in the third excited state?
20. Explain the processes of nuclear fission and nuclear fusion by using the plot of
binding energy per nuleon ( BE/A ) versus the mass number A.
21. What is meant by doping of an intrinsic semiconductor? Name the two types of
atoms used for doping of Ge / Si.
(OR)
Explain the formation of the barrier potential in a p-n junction.

Section – C (7x3=21)
22. (i) Derive the expression for the electric field at a point on the equatorial line of an
electric dipole.
(ii) Depict the orientation of the dipole in (a) stable, (b) unstable equilibrium in a
uniform electric field.
23. Using Kirchhoff’s rules, calculate the potential difference between B and D in the
circuit diagram as shown in the figure.

24. Write three points of differences between para-dia- and ferro-magnetic materials,
giving one example for each.
25. (a) How does oscillatinig charge produce electromagnetic waves?
(b) Sketch a schematic diagram depicting oscillating electric and magnetic fields of
an em wave propagating along + z-direction.
(c) How are X-rays produced? Give any two uses of these.
26. With the help of a ray diagram explain the working of a reflecting telescope. Mention
two advantages of a reflecting telescope over a refracting telescope.
27. A slit of width 0.6 mm is illuminated by a beam of light consisting of two wavelengths
600 nm and 480 nm. The diffraction pattern is observed on a screen 1.0 m from the
slit. Find:
(i) The distance of the second bright fringe from the central maximum pertaining to
light of 600 nm.
(ii) The least distance from the central maximum at which bright fringes due to both
the wavelengths coincide.
(OR)
How will the interference pattern in Young’s double-slit experiment be affected if
(i) The screen is moved away from the plane of the slits.
(ii) The source slit is moved away from the plane of the slits.
(iii) The phase difference between the light waves emanating from the two slits S1
and S2 changes
28. (i) Draw the graph showing the variation of de-Broglie wavelength λ of a particle of
charge q and mass m with the accelerating potential.
(ii) An electron and proton have the same de – Broglie wavelengths. Explain, which
of the two has more kinetic energy.

Section – D (2x4=8 M)
29. Read the paragraph given below and answer the questions that follow:
Electrical Energy Transmission and Distribution:

The large – scale transmission and distribution of electrical energy over long
distances is done with the use of transformers. The voltage output of the generator
 is stepped-up. It is then transmitted over long distances to an area sub-station near
the consumers. There the voltage is stepped down. It is further stepped down at
distributing sub-stations and utility poles before a power supply of 240 V reaches
our homes.

(i) Which of the following statement is true?

(a) Energy is created when a transformer steps up the voltage.
(b) A transformer is designed to convert an AC voltage to DC voltage.
(c) Step- up transfer increases the power for transmission.
(d) Step – down transformer decreases the AC voltage.
(ii) If the secondary coil has a greater number of turns than the primary,
(a) The voltage is stepped-up ( Vs > Vp ) and arrangement is called a step-up
transformer.
(b) The voltage is stepped-down (Vs < Vp) and arrangement is called a step-down
transformer.
(c) The current is stepped-up ( Is > Ip) and arrangement is called a step-up
transformer.
(d) The current is stepped-down ( Is < Ip) and arrangement is called a step-down
transformer.
(OR)
We need to step-up the voltage for power transmission, so that
(a) the current is reduced and consequently, the I2R loss is cut down.
(b) The voltage is increased, the power losses are also increased.
(c) The power is increased before transmission is done.
(d) The voltage is decreased so V2/R losses are reduced
(iii) A power transmission line feeds input power at 2300 V to a step down
transformer with its primary windings having 4000 turns. The number of turns
in the secondary in order to get output power at 230 V are
(a) 4 (b) 40 (c) 400 (d) 4000
(iv) The metal / alloy that is more suitable for making cores of transformers is
(a) steel (b) soft iron (c) copper (d) brass
30. Read the below text and answer the any four of questions that follow:
Band theory of solid: Consider that the Si or Ge crystal contains N atoms. Electrons
of each atom will have discrete energies in different orbits. The electron energy will
be same if all the atoms are isolated, i.e., separated from each other by a large
o o
distance. However, in a crystal, the atoms are close to each other ( 2 A to 3 A ) and
therefore the electrons interact with each other and also with the neighbouring
atomic cores. The overlap (or interaction) will be more felt by the electrons in the
outermost orbit while the inner orbit or core electron energies may remain
unaffected. Therefore, for understanding electron energies in Si or Ge crystal, we
need to consider the changes in the energies of the electrons in the outermost orbit
only. For Si, the outermost orbit is the third orbit ( n = 3), while for Ge it is the fourth
orbit ( n = 4). Each Si and Ge has four valence electrons, but Ge at a given
temperature has more free electrons and a higher conductivity compared to Si. So
silicon is more widely used for semiconductor devices, since it can be used at much
higher temperatures than germanium.
(i) The energy of electrons of atoms of a substance will be same, if
(a) atoms are isolated (b) atoms are closely spaced
(c) atoms are excited (d) atoms are charged
(ii) In a cystal, the distance between two atoms in
o o o o o
(a) 200 A to 300 A (b) 2 A to 3 micron (c) 2 A to 3 A (d) 2 mm to 3 mm
(iii) The overlap ( or interaction ) will be more felt by the electrons when they
are
(a) in the outermost orbit (b) in the innermost orbit
(c) free (d) in any orbit
(iv) For Silicon and Germanium the outermost orbits are respectively
(a) n = 3and n = 5 (b) n = 4 and n = 3
(c) n = 5 and n = 4 (d) n = 3 and n = 4
(OR)

Why Silicon is more widely used for semiconductor devices?

(a) It can be used at much higher temperature than germanium
 (b) It is cheaper than germanium
(c) It has higher conductivity than germanium
(d) None of the above.

Section – E ( 3x5=15 M)
31. (a) Draw equipotential surfaces for (i) an electric dipole and (ii) two identical
positive charges placed near each other.
(b) In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates, each plate has an area
of 6 x 10-3 m2 and the separation between the plates is 3 mm.
(i) Calculate the capacitance of the capacitor.
(ii) If the capacitor is connected to 100 V supply, what would be the charge on each
plate?
(iii) How would charge on the plate be affected if a 3 mm thick mica sheet of   6
is inserted between the plates while the voltage supply remains connected?
(OR)
(i) Define the capacitance of a capacitor. Obtain the expression for the capacitance
of a parallel plate capacitor in vacuum in terms of plate area A and separation d
between the plates.
(ii) A slab of material of dielectric constant  has the same area as the plates of a
3d
parallel plate capacitor but has a thickness . Find the ratio of the capacitance
4
with dielectric inside it to its capacitance without the dielectric.
32. (i) Express Biot – Savart’s law in the vector form.
(ii) Use it to obtain the expression for the magnetic field at an axial point, distance
d from the centre of a circular coil of radius R carrying current I.
(iii) Also, find the ratio of the magnitudes of the magnetic field of this coil at the
centre and at an axial point for which x  R 3 .
(OR)
(a) Describe the working principle of a moving coil galvanometer. Why is it
necessary to use
(i) a radial magnetic field and
(ii) a cylindrical soft iron core in a galvanometer?
Write the expression for current sensitivity of the galvanometer.
Can a galvanometer as such be used for measuring the current? Explain.
(b) A galvanometer coil has a resistance of 15 Ω and it shows full scale deflection
for a current of 4 mA. Convert it into an ammeter of range 0 to 6 A.
33. (a) Under what conditions is the phenomenon of total internal reflection of light
observed?
(b) Obtain the relation between the criticl angle of incidence and the refractive
index of the medium.
(c) Three lenses of focal lengths + 10 cm, - 10 cm and + 30 cm are arranged
coaxially as in the figure given below. Find the position of the final image formed
by the combination.

(OR)
(a) A ray PQ is incident normally on the face AB of a triangular prism of refracting
angle 60o as shown in figure. The prism is made of a transparent material of
2
refractive index . Trace the path of the ray as it passes through the prism.
3
Calculate the angle of emergence and the angle of deviation.
 (b) (i) A ray of light incident of face AB of an equilateral glass prism, shows minimum
deviation of 30o. Calculate the speed of light through the prism.

(ii) Find the angle of incidence at face AB so that the emergent ray grazes along the
face AC.

ALL THE BEST

1 2 3 4 5
S.No Chapter Name MARK MARKS MARKS MARKS MARKS TOTAL
1 Electric charges & Fields 1+1 1
Electrostatic potential &
2 Capacitance 1 1
16 M
3 Current electricity 1+1 1
4 Moving charges & Magnetism 1 1
5 Magnetism & matter 1 1
17 M
6 Electromagnetic induction 1 1
7 Alternating current 1
8 E m waves 1 1
9 Ray optics 1+1 1 1 18 M
10 Wave optics 1 1
Dual nature of radiation &
11 matter 1 1 1
12 Atoms 1 1
12 M
13 Nuclei 1 1
14 Semi conductors 1 1 1 7M
TOTAL 16 M 10 M 21 M 8M 15 M 70 M