Text 4 : Beowulf (10th Century

a
fragment from renowned ep!c poem

or!g!nally composed !n Old

Engl!sh.

Poet!c l!kely from folklore

collect!on of stor!es that
or!g!nated Oral trat!d!t!on
. Those stor!es are part of Anglo-Saxon .

from Bewoulf's .)
(events from 6th C
1. recounts events youth
Extens!ve poem two parts
2
. portrays Beowulf as the
k!ng of Geats
engaged !n a battle
aga!nst a dragon .

Usual Style of
Anglo-Saxon ; compr!ses unrhymed l!nes
.

S!nce the Saxon !nvas!on of England took place ,

monks were encouraged to translate !nto Old Engl!sh.

The poem narrates the hero!c deeds of the Saxon forefathers who l!ved !n Europe.
,

There !s a sense of d!stant

, remote past.

Pra!s!ng of a hero , narrat!on of adventures , battles

, supernatural act!v!t!es

Speaks of
ScyldScef!ng .
(f!rst
k!ng of the so-called
scyld!ngs ,
f!ercewarr!or) -
h!s he!r !s Beauulf.
,
 wr!ter
↳
Church Crown Chron!cle
YS :
Henry II and Thomas Becket :
Roger of Hovedan's
The Text
1066 : a date marks the beg!nn!ng of med!eval .
per!od

Normans: descendants of the Vikings who had settled in Normandy (North-East France) in the 9th century. Form : letter

Norman
England :
brought new culture
< new
language (french) , professed Chr!st!an Rel!g!on
. To : Pope Alexander

Feudal!sm Roger
: new soc!al system of dependence and h!erarchy w!th
clearly def!ned classes.
By : of Hovedan

Anglo Saxon Ar!stocracy

-> Norman
Ar!stocrary
Def!ned classes
appeared : K!n - nobles barons ->
lesser lords -> Ord!nary people -> peasantry (koyluler
Church + Nobles was !nfluent!al ->
confl!cts started between Crown Church (for the !ndependence of Church
(desteklemek)

K!ng's author!ty was upheld by sher!ff.

Royal Court : [off!c!als

adv!sers

(1086) Domesday Book : record of

England's populat!on wealth

(1087) W!ll!am d!ed

.

RobertIduke of Normandy)

R!chard (d!ed young)

Ch!ldren of W!ll!am I Normandy
W!ll!am Rufus #I (succeeded h!s father) cr!t!c!zed
-> was
by not hav!ng he!r/was k!lled

h!s own brother Robert, !n battle of T!chenbra!

I(succeeded W!ll!am) -> famous for
defeat!ngfor (1106). Th!s way
Henry
,

became the master both

England&Normandy
.
Adela (mother of England's
K!ng Stephen
Cl!on of Just!ce) The
superv!se monetary (parasal

I establ!shed
Henry : the adm!n!strat!on of
just!ce !n a more ser!ous
way ->
Created Exchequer f!scal (mal!) matters
.

of economy
(m!n!stery

Son (drowned

daughte (bares super

Henry makeh!sbards takeaneath Hard!es they
the uphold h!s but a
Daughter (Mat!lda)
when
-
as a
quee , ,

Mat!lda f Geoffrey

#I
Henry

(1053) C!v!l War : Ends w!th

Treaty of W!nchster :
Stephen would be k!ng .
unt!l death

But Stephen K!ng succeeded by Henry # .

the
h!ghest rel!g!ous f!gure
fr!end Canterbury (K!l!sen!n bas k!spolosugu)
Dur!ng Henry's re!gn ,
he appo!nted h!s Thomas Becket as Arch!b!shop

Intent!on : control the church

through h!m/ Thomas defended church's !nterests
.
(h!s devot!on was rather w!th God than w!th the k!ng
(1164) : Becket ex!led to France -> looked for support of French Cathol!cs & Pope

Henry ordered the Crown!ng of Pr!nce Henry to the Arch!b!shop of York.

Reconc!led w!th
K!ng.
Becket returned
.
England.
Soon became from
excommun!cated all
Hery's supports.

Henry flew !nto "who w!ll r!d me of th!s troublesome pr!est

"
a
rage
Four kn!ghts dec!ded to sat!sfy the k!ng's w!shes
.
⚔
 ⚔

Based on the coronation charter

of Henry I, who had promised “to
abolish all the evil customs by
which the kingdom of England
has been unjustly oppressed.”
 Edward (a san)

↑
Henry # & Eleonor of Provence r!s!ng French !nfluence , she !s French .

(Press
Chukum(
S!mon de Montfort K!ngs brother !n law (1258) rebell!on of the baras led
by S!ma de Montfort. to
accept Prov!s!on of Oxford
obl!ged
:
was
-> - .

-
Second Barons' War (1263-4) :
Henry #+ Edward S!mon !mpr!soned by Barons

Became the ruler of England.

Needed help : Summoned a

parl!ament ( kn!ghts + burgesses

(1265) : Edward broke free and defeated k!lled S!mon at the Battle of Evesham .

Edward I (1274-1307) E Longshanks 3 &Hammer of the Scots 3 :

Conquered Wales (200 later) Pr!nce of Wales
years ->

Scott!sh war + heavy taxat!on to

pay those wars

France wars (who supported Scotland

& Eleanor of Cast!le

A
 ⚔

1375: Treaty of Bruges: only Calais and a piece of the coast near Bordeaux
Edward III counting the dead on the battlefield of Crécy Place, in Jean Froissart,
Chroniques (Vol. I).
remained. S