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1{ Correlation matrl\ for sample of normal specimens from the borehole Araromi I at a depth of 1550ft.

- 1.0000 0.6051 o.7648 0.6891 0.6070 -0.4087 0.6953 0 .3981 0. 4126

: 0 6051 L0000 0. 8570 o.'7225 0.6430 0.0783 0 .s6 9 5 0.4809 0.479I
-: 0 76J8 0.8570 1.0000 0.684s 0.6780 -o.273r 0.6643 0 .3889 0. 5756
; 0.6891 o.'7225 0.684s 1.0000 0.66'1'7 0 .1 553 0.7303 0.6269 0.4513
5 0.6070 0.6430 0.6780 o.66'7',7 1.0000 -0.2386 0.'7273 0.1270 0.4605
6 0.-1087 0.0783 0.21,31, 0.1553 0.2386 1.0000 -0.3700 0.0418 0.4598
- 0. 6953 0. 569s o.6643 0.7303 o.'7273 0.3700 1 .0 0 0 0 0.6490 0.6124
s 0. 3981 0.4809 0.3889 o.6269 o.4270 0 .0 4 1 8 0.6490 1.0000 0.2564
9 0.4726 0.4197 o.5756 0.4513 0.4605 -0.4598 0.6124 0.2564 1.0000
IB Eliect on the above cotelation matrix ol exchanging an outlier (specimen deformed by crushing so that the values for
variables 1,2 and 7 are distorted) for a normal specimen.

1 1. 0000 0.8605 o.7041. 0.5308 0.5873 -0.3641 o.2577 0.4415 0.4884

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3 0.7041 0.8045 1.0000 0.6845 0 6780 -0.21,31 o.t64'7 0 .3889 0. 5756
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6 -0. 3641 -0. 0831 o.2131 0.1553 -o.2386 1.0000 0 .1 1 8 9 0.0418 0.4598
1 -0.2517 -o.2345 o.1647 0.4155 o.2653 0 .1 1 8 9 1.0000 0 .2432 0. 1541
8 0 .4415 0.5104 0. 3889 0.6269 o.4270 0 .0 4 1 8 0.2432 1.0000 0.2564
9 0.4884 0.5456 0. 5756 0.4513 0.4605 0.4598 0 .1 5 4 1 0.2564 1.0000
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Canonicalvariate analysesof Subbotinapseudobulloides

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Eigenvalues Eigenvalues
1. 23 45 123 4 5
3.1008 1.3326 0.63'74 0.2336 0.0235 2.2298 0.6467 0.266'1 0.0619 0.0001
Canonicalvadate loadings Canonicalvariate loadings
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1.6494 -2.Ot39 1'1.432'7 -2.50',7'7 1,5.25rO 7.5126 r7.9109 0.4'724 15.5306 -249.7stl
4.'t'731 0.3278 -4.0457 2.6102 16.2890 -4.0535 ',1.2'746 5.9664 -t6.3594 98.3432
-8.4805 9.7136 0.9643 3.'1573 -0.0948 12.9sa4 1.6057 -2.6835 -1.4948 19. 6511
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3 -3 .3072 '7.2132 8.2769 -6.8715 6.6390 -6.8857 '1.5410 7.8315 52.2846
2.4804 0.9962 '7.2153 -'7.506'7 2.5701 -1.6893 -7 .5 1 3 2 6.72',75 4.15'17 79,9098
2.1981 -t.12a4 7.9632 2 .5453 5.406',7 2.4882 -7.6466 3.7016 4.7446 162.42!4
Coordinatesof means Coordinatesof means
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0.216 2 0.3301 o.5245 0.2498 0.0258 0.4676 0.5034 0.1,826 0.0667 0.0043
0.9390 0.7096 0.0179 0.1451 0.0435 -1..15'77 0.0329 -0.1904 -0.0278 -0.0033
1079 J -0.3072 0.4t37 0.1008 0.o4zo 0.5503 -0.3420 -0.2395 0.1348 -0.0010
Lr.;06-1 0.1001 0.0143 -0.2t62 0.1046 -0.,1440 -0.0502 0.2503 0.0903 0.0069
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'-r.3llJ 01613 0,3455 o.o249 0.0636 0.2112 -0.4342 0 .1 0 5 2 0 .1 698 0.0001

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 TABLE IX
Eigenvaluesand last three eigenvectorsof the within-groupscotelation matrix for all nine variablesfor
Afrobolioina af.a; between-groupssumsof squaresfor eachprincipal component

Eigenvalues 1 2 345 6 '7 89

4.32 7.24 1.00 0.69 0.48 0.M 0.38 o -2 9 0.1 6
Eigenvectors var 1 vat 2 var 3 var 4 var 5 var 6 va r' 1 var 8 var 9
VII o .28 o.26 o.z4 0.21 -o.25 0.03 0.74 0.33 0.20
VI 0.63 -0.49 -o.M o.1,4 0.20 o.29 -0 .1 1 0 .0 8 0.1 0
IX 0 .10 0.69 0.70 0.05 -0.08 -0.06 0.04 0 .0 5 -0.10

1 2 345 6 7 89
Between-groupssums
of squaresfor o.25 Q.24 0.27 0.26 0.07 1 .5 6 0 .1 8 0.2 1
principal components
Sum : 4. 05

TABLEX
Canonicalvariate coemcientsfor nine variables,includingshrunkenestimates

Var 1 Var 2 Vat 3 Var 4 Var 5 Var 6 Yar'7 Var8 Var9 Calronical
roots

C\ I" principal components 0.54 -0.11 -0.01 0.11 0.05 -0.0s 0.79 0.18 -0 -13
C\ II principal components 0.64 -o.32 0.15 0.15 0.43 0.10 0.39 0.04 -0.32
CVI (Standardizedoriginal 0.01 -0.59 -0.09 0.43 0.44 0.07 0 .9 9 0 .5 1 0 .10
C\ lI variables) 0.65 0.82 -0.28 -o.44 -O.40 0.14 0 .0 5 0 .2 8 o.26 llllts"r"
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C\ U k. : - 0.57 0. 30 0.31 -0.53 -0.35 o.24 -0.03 0.37 0 .33 0.69

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Correlationsbetween 14 geochemicalvariables.Values in italics are significantat the 5% level (only marked in lower
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si 1. 00 0.66 -0.43 -0.66 -0.46 - 0. 13 -0.02 0.65 0.59 0.5'7 0.34 -o.42 o.26 -0.09
Fe 0.66 1.00 -0.25 -0.54 -0.30 0.17 0.24 -o.29 0.63 0.s8 0.59 -o.52 o.27 o.1,4
\1g -0.43 -o.25 1.00 0.65 0.49 0.15 -O.21 0.56 -O.32 -0.28 -0.17 0.35 -0.13 - 0.16
Ca -0. 66 -0.54 0.65 1.00 0.'77 0.26 0.02 0.61 -O.37 -O.25 -0.28 0.7s -0.14 0.05
\a 0.46 0.30 0.49 0.77 1.00 0.45 0.09 0.55 -0 .1 9 -0 .1 5 -0.10 o.62 -0.05 0.07
x -0.13 o.n 0. 15 0.26 0.45 1.00 -0.03 0.3'7 0.16 0.00 0.09 o.t7 o.22 -0.04
Ti 0.02 o.z4 -0.2'7 0.02 0.09 -0.03 1.00 0.07 0 .1 6 0 .4 1 0.42 0.03 o.4'7 o.42
P -0.65 -o.29 0.56 0.61, 0.55 o.3't 0.07 1.00 -0.29 -0.37 o.o2 0.48 0.15 o.20
\In 0.59 0.63 0.32 -0.37 -0.19 0. 16 0.16 -o.29 1.00 0.58 o.42 -o.27 0.35 0.13
\- 0.57 0.58 -0.28 -o.25 -0.15 0.00 0.41, -0.31 0.s8 1.00 0.60 -o.2L 0.58 o.34
\lo 0.34 0.59 0.r7 -0. 28 -0.10 0.09 0.42 o.o2 0.42 0.60 1.00 0.39 0.57 0.56
Sr -0.42 -0.52 0.35 0.7s 0.62 o. t1 0.03 0.48 0.27 0.2L 0.39 1.00 -0.11 o.23
Pb 0. 26 o"21 -O.13 -0.14 -0.0s o. 22 0.47 0.15 0 .3 5 0 .5 8 0.57 -0.11 1.0 0 0.36
7n 0-09 0.14 0.1 6 0.05 0.07 -0.04 0.42 0.20 0 .1 3 0 .3 4 o.56 o.23 0.36 1.00

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Meansfor all samplesof megalosphericAfobo liuina afra for the first 46 samplinglevelsin Gbekebo

Levels N

1 19 73.9tO5 37.2631. 26.010s 15.4000 r4.t789 9.',7749 t9;7421 4.6526 12.4A42

2 t2 75-2999 32.4583 23.3167 14.40a3 8.6333 9.1083 !9.0417 4.0333 9.8583
3 16 48.2062 24.6687 18.6562 t2.9562 11.8937 8.3687 77.2437 3.5812 8.0625
4 24 87.4314 33.5541 26.6166 1s.9000 15.2333 9.44s8 20.',t083 3.99s8 10.4333
5 49 6s.1143 31.1102 24.5102 75.928s 14.2775 9 .L694 20 .0245 3.1469 10.2306
6 29 76.6207 3s.25!7 2'7.8827 18.6655 17.6448 L2.O828 22.8965 4.2069 11.0138
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14 67.6428 3t.3428 24.4'7L4 1s,4857 t5.35'71 10.5571 20.2357 4.t143 10.4286
8 14 17.4643 30.70'71 24.4857 15.8357 t4.1429 70.6643 20.3214 3 .9429 9 .9643
9 16 ' 73.5437 31.7188 25.2562 16.0000 7s.4L87 1 1 .3 8 1 2 2 r.6 2 5 0 4.2625 9.8750
10 1s '7s.2533 35.3600 29.6200 19.9133 18.8s33 11.1000 27.6266 5.9000 11.8000
11 15 81. 6800 35.0866 28.6600 20.4t33 t9.'7066 rL.6'.733 26.3000 s.r333 \0.2667
I2 15 64.1,666 32.5',133 25.3000 1'7.2066 16.2000 ro.L66'.7 24.4200 4.3333 10.8000
13 16 62.3937 29.0625 23.O8t2 I8.L437 14.'1L88 9.7188 20.L875 3.6250 8.5625
13 70.5231 28.9538 23.8017 76.6154 15.?615 9.6ts4 22.6923 3.9000 8.4231
15 16 69,7500 z'7.o3'ts 23.2500 t6.678',7 15.1062 9.3375 20.5938 3.7875 7.9063
13 68.6071 27.7754 23.5077 r6.546t 15.8231 9 .3 3 0 8 2 1 .5 3 8 5 3 .8 846 9. s538
| 'a 13 81. 0153 34.7230 2',7
.9692 20.3923 I7 .0154 11.8615 23.6538 4.s23I 10.2692
25 113.7600 39.9640 33.6280 22.8040 21.2720 14.0680 30.8520 4.3280 11.3400
19 12 73.0083 34.9833 28.7s00 20.7083 19.9083 73.O4r7 25.0833 4.0417 tO.541'7
t0 26 ',72.8038 31.5692 26.01t5 20.2769 18.7692 12.3'769 22.6154 3.7500 9.5385
13 89.1154 39.7000 37.5692 22.346! 20.96t5 14.1538 29.s169 3 ;7 923 11. 9615
-:- 73.?78-1 32.0675 27.4513 20.0513 18.2432 11.7568 24.7432 3.8811
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l{ 18 70_3218 32.7000 26.4222 20.4667 18.5166 11.3056 23.3889 3.8944 9.3056

:_i 30 68.1933 34.7266 2a.O433 22.0067 19.3833 72.3900 23.3167 3.8s00 9.116'7
16 10 ?3.4500 34.9ZOO 2'7.9600 20.6000 19.7000 11.0000 2s.4000 3.4900 10.2800
21 12 71.0500 31.1083 26.1583 19.2333 18.4583 70.6667 2s.r66'1 3.4t67 9.416',7
l8 13 81.0615 32.7237 28.L692 2t.2077 19.5615 1r.0769 25.2308 3.4692 9.3462
)9 34 72.0941 30.7059 26.49',70 20.7as3 n.96'16 11.0559 24.64'70 3.5342 9.3342
i0 29 73.993r 30.6724 26.9965 20.8586 19.0310 10.s345 23.9483 3.6448 9.4483
2'7 60.5629 28.50',74 24.2074 18.6852 l7.3037 11.0000 22.t963 3.53'70 9.2963
il 2',7 92.2s92 36.7185 30.4000 22.2333 20.8259 13.3370 28.840'1 3.',7296 71,.203',7
18 64.8500 29.6000 24.7666 17.8278 t'7.4444 ro.2222 22.6389 3.7222 8.7500
1',7 81.0823 33.5000 28.21,17 20.83s3 20.6947 LL.8235 28.7'76s 4.2353 71.7176
i5 rz 70.4666 32.4250 25.041'1 I8.166',7 18.0833 ro.54r7 23.9L6'7 3.8750 10.0833
36 11 65.1364 29.8909 25.4818 19.0909 16.8182 ro.9273 23.0000 4.0455 9.3182
79 79.0368 32;7000 28.3421 20.5137 19.2895 9.6316 25.394',7 3.8421 9.6842
38 1Z 78.5916 30.5666 26.0250 20.54\'t 18.9500 10.0417 23.4s83 3-316'7 8.6250
39 t4 50.428s 28.O2t4 22.5'714 1',7.30',77 15.7500 9.9071 19.'1357 3.6743 8.2',714
40 12 s8 .8s 83 28.9417 22.1000 18.3083 16.1333 9.O4r7 20.5000 3.3'.750 8.5833
4l 10 64.7900 29.s900 24.2000 19_3000 17.6000 9.7500 22.7500 3.7500 9.5300
14 .6114
6',7 30.6071 24.9000 20.4928 t7.7643 10.0143 24.2143 3.6929 10.6786
14 717.257| 40.0571 34.t928 25.7L43 20.8643 14.7786 31.0714 3.7000 13.1429
44 25 tt4.6960 40.6040 33.7800 26.0600 23.',7520 11.4480 33.2000 4.0400 13.0640
45 19 96.01s8 37.26a4 30.5000 22.5526 21.1000 12.6842 29.54'14 3 .9',7
89 L1.6a42
46 15 '74.'.7600 32.2066 26.6333 20;7200 19.O66',1 12.5000 26.9066 3.9661 10.0667
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Meansfor all samplesof rnegalosphericAfroboliaina afra for the upper set of 45 samplesfrom Gbekebo
Levels N

I 15 90.1533 39.9800 32.4400 20.9333 19.6000 16.5333 30.0667 3.8333 11.4000

2 27 83.6s92 37.4148 29.4148 20.4014 19.7407 16.5555 27.9926 3.7593 10.7296
3 59 162389 36.70t7 28.8118 20.0729 18.8136 11.4407 27.6017 3.6L02 9.6780
4 30 54.6000 28.8200 23.7167 t7.'lsoo 16.7333 12.6000 21.0300 3.4200 8.3500
5 24 80.3167 3'7.0417 29.666',7 19.4125 18.3083 14.9s83 29.0833 3.38?5 9.3333
6 12 70.5417 34.t666 27.5833 r8.541't 18.5833 13.5000 25.1000 3.0250 9.41,67
7 2l 77.890s 36.6524 28.7'162 20.0000 20.0000 73.4286 27.0476 3.7571 9.4762
8 10 87.7500 39.3500 30.8100 22.0600 19.8000 13.3000 30.2000 3.4000 9.2000
9 16 64.2000 38.0667 29.2267 L9.8667 79.3333 15.2000 29.0000 3.066'1 10.3333
10 72 13.9333 36.0167 29.Ot67 20.s411 20.166',1 13.8333 28.4767 3.3150 9.5833
11 99.31,87 42.2875 34.3875 23.68't5 22.1875 1s.6563 31.0625 3 .8125 11. 1875
12 11 82.3000 42.4818 32.0000 22.oooo 21.0000 1 5 .0 9 0 9 3 1 .1 8 1 8 3-5000 17.4545
9 79.4222 36.1555 29.8889 2r.2667 20.5111 14.5556 27.8889 3.0556 8.8889
L1 T2 62.5333 33.4583 27.1667 20.6167 r9.4t67 14.3333 26;1500 3.4767 8.54r',1
15 l7 99.1615 47.6307 34.9923 25.546-1 24.923L 14.9769 31.6s38 3.6000 rr.61,54
16 IJ 78. 3833 38.3833 31.2000 22.8333 20.9583 t4.5833 31..6667 3.4767 10.5833
I1 15 78.6000 42.L46',7 34.1866 23.9267 22.0667 1s.5333 33.0000 3.4867 ',9.8000
18 11 84-0454 39.O72'l 32.4091 22.6364 2r.8t82 r4.s455 31.0000 3.3636 9.0909
l9 1,2 69.1750 33.0583 26.1083 18.0000 L7.6250 14.2917 28.5833 3.0833 8.9583
t0 74 86.A714 42.4851 33.t857 22.9286 23.t429 t5.1429 32;7L43 3.4643 lt.l4z9
:1 T2 '13.3333 38.2833 29.6000 22.0000 20.4161 14.7500 31.5000 3.316',7 9.4L6'l
22 1-1 6s.6928 37.22t4 30.2786 2t-0714 19.2500 14.5000 30.2851 3.4351 tO.285'7
84.8571 46.1429 3',7.9286 24.OO77 23.4643 16.1429 35.O'/r4 3.4286 70.9286

21 9 106.6111 46.1777 36-2222 26.5ss5 24.0000 16.3333 37;1778 3 .6 111 10. 5556
l5 7 92.3517 34.857r 28.5774 L9.6143 19.2857 t3.L429 24.51t4 2.9743 8.7t43
26 12 85.s417 36.3750 30.2500 19.4167 t8.6667 1,4.54t'7 23.976',7 2.7833 9.3333
21 t6 85.0437 42.4625 33.0437 23.6815 22.9375 14.5938 33.0625 3.3'150 70.4375
38 26 89.1884 44.01,92 3s.7731 25.7808 23.9237 r4.t'73t 33.6923 3.2808 10.3846
29 29 89.0827 42.4'124 35.2483 24.4'.193 23.25L1 14.3793 31,.6552 3.1310 9.2'759
30 30 90.6200 42.3200 33.1200 23.1566 2l.sA67 74.216'1 32.966',1 3.196'7 11.4500
31 16 79.4688 39.6563 31.0250 23.593a 22.21,88 14.8438 30.1875 3 .2062 1,t.472s
24 107.2833 46.4042 37.4541 26.&t25 25.3750 15.68?5 33.7292 3.3542 tO.6042
33 15 '75.2200 37.0466 30.1866 23.566',7 21.7133 1,3.2667 30.6667 3.1600 10.5333
34 L2 97.s000 42.1583 35.3667 26.416',1 24.666'.7 L4.2500 33.79r',1 3.0667 12.3333
35 16 79.2878 39.4848 3L.4272 22.4303 20.7303 15.2303 32.9576 3.3939 10.92L2
36 L6 86.6000 .2r8'.7
3',7 29.9000 zo.s562 19.2500 72.5625 28.6563 2.9875 9.7500
3'7 76 88.9312 37.8315 30.7A75 21.7250 19.8062 72.9687 28.5625 3 .0 187 10. 1563
38 15 84.9466 37.2066 28.6266 20.8333 19.7600 L2.4533 28.0933 2.9267 9.9533
39 za 85.785't 36.O7t4 29.5893 20.5857 19.6827 12.6607 28.9714 3.0000 10.0000
40 25 93.9400 34.0320 32.7160 21.1400 19.6680 L3.2840 29.0800 3.1000 9.1200
4l 15 102.9133 3'1.3866 31.0133 27.6200 19.6000 14;7333 30.2667 3.7133 10.9000
42 41 91.43t7 36.1488 29.2634 20.1195 19.1536 12.8512 28.t707 2.9829 9.2683
43 25 88.5160 35.5840 29.4480 20.3680 19.5360 13.1760 28.4800 3.3720 10.3400
44 68 106.0998 41.s0s9 34.5206 23.2088 21,.4823 12.0088 32.5000 3.3426 LO.4912
45 23 t20.7739 45.4000 36.7652 24.6730 22.0956 t3.t5z2 34.1522 3.6043 71.3435
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