Chapter 7 : Genes and inheritance

The increased chance of survival of individuals that have particular

advantageous features, these individuals therefore have a greater
chance of survival and passing on their genes to next generation.

○ Susceptible bacteria : can be killed via antibiotics

○ Resistant bacteria: cannot be killed using antibiotics due to thick
cell wall (has a gene that makes it resistant to an antibiotic)
○ Antibiotics: breaks cell walls, causing internal area to be exposed

○ The susceptible bacteria are in a larger number than resistant

bacteria.

○ Antibiotics gets rid of susceptible bacteria, giving the resistant

bacteria an opportunity to reproduce and grow more in number
○ Over many generations, this variety of the gene becomes more
common, resulting in whole populations of bacteria that are not killed
by the antibiotic
○ The gene for this resistance becomes more common in the population

Biology Page 1
Selection is when some organisms are selected over another
There are two types of selection : Natural and artificial selection

: the process of selection conducted under human

direction
By allowing only like individuals to breed, breeders have created the
great variety of dog breeds and crop plants
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Process that occurs naturally Desired traits are selected by

without human interference
Traits acquired increase the
species chance for survival
occurs in natural populations.
slow process.
The breeding for small dogs such
as Chihuahua, Boston Terrier, and
cattle which can produce more
milk are examples of artificial
breeding.
humans
Acquired traits no not always
enhance the survival of the species
mainly occurs in domestic
populations.
rapid process.
The selection of long-necked
giraffes, the selection of dark
color moths, and the change in the
size and the shape of beaks of
birds upon the available food are
the examples of natural selection.

Biology Page 2