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Chuck Williams
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“I am thus particular,” continues the Doctor, “that you may
understand the whole, and not think our friend slighted by the
government, even if this thing should not succeed. All the council[153]
are hearty for Mr. Rittenhouse; and if he does not get this matter, he
will not be long without something else. But I hope some expedient
may be hit upon, to compromise the matter, should the bill not have
faults in itself, that may set it aside.”
The warm and sincere interest which Mr. Barton took in every
thing that seemed likely to promote the welfare of his brother-in-law,
was manifested on this occasion. In his answer to Dr. Smith’s letter,
written a week after, he says: “Your letter by Mr. Slough was so truly
obliging and friendly, that I cannot think of words strong enough to
express my gratitude. Rittenhouse, I trust, will always be sensible of
the favours you have shewn him, and of the uncommon pains you
have taken to serve him on this occasion, which have been
represented to me, fully, by Mr. Slough.[154] Accept then, dear sir, my
most hearty thanks for your kind offices in behalf of Mr. Rittenhouse.
Accept of my wife’s best thanks, also — —. She shed tears of
gratitude, when she read your letter, (for her attachment to her
brother David is very great,) and declared, in a high strain of
enthusiasm, that Dr. Smith was the most steady friend and obliging
man that ever lived; that she should honour and respect him, while
living, and, should she survive him, would always revere his memory.
Thus it was, that the sister of your ‘optical and mathematical’ friend
expressed herself on the occasion.”
“Ordered, That Mr. Evans, Mr. Rhoads, Mr. James, Mr. Rodman,
Mr. Morton, Mr. Carpenter, Mr. Montgomery, and Mr. Edwards, with
the Speaker,[161] be a Committee to agree with and purchase from
Mr. Rittenhouse a new Orrery, for the use of the Public, at any sum
not exceeding four hundred pounds, lawful money of this
Province.”[162]
Some short time prior to this, viz. on the 22d of September, 1770,
Dr. Thomas Bond and Samuel Rhoads, Esq. two of the Vice-
Presidents of the American Philosophical Society, had, by their Order
and in their behalf, transmitted to the General Assembly the
Observations on the Transits of Venus and Mercury, then
unpublished; not only those which had been made under the
directions of that Society, but such as had, in the intermediate time,
been received from the other American Colonies and from England:
the Society expressing, at the same time, a due sense of the
obligations they were under to the Assembly, “for the countenance
and encouragement they had given them, in carrying on the designs
of the Institution; and, that they were particularly thankful for the
generous assistance granted to them, for making those
Observations.” They say further: “We have the pleasure to find they
have been highly acceptable to those learned Bodies in Europe, to
whom they have been communicated;” and, that they were “likely to
be of great service, in settling that important point in Astronomy,
which was proposed from the Transit of Venus.”
The tenor of this quotation manifests, that our Philosopher did not,
at that time, enjoy his accustomed serenity of mind. Some of the
causes of his depression of spirits appeared to his friend and
correspondent to be of such a nature, as might, perhaps, be
removed by a little pleasantry. Under this impression, Mr. Barton, in
his answer, thus rallied him:
“I know not, indeed, what kind of Melancholy yours can be. To use
the words of the immortal Shakespeare,—
“If you will promise to pardon your saucy niece, I will tell you what
she attributes it to. She says you are in Love; and, really, you seem
to insinuate as much, yourself: If it be so, I sincerely wish you
success in your “Addresses;” or a happy deliverance from the effects
of Love.”
“It would give me great pleasure to hear, that you had fairly
resolved upon going to England;[166] because it would be the means
not only of cheering your spirits, but of establishing your interest as
well as reputation. You give me some hopes of seeing you soon:
your Sister and I would be extremely glad, indeed, to see you at
Lancaster.[167]
This Line remained thus unsettled, until after the conclusion of the
American war. Mr. Rittenhouse and Captain Holland having
previously established the North-Eastern Corner of Pennsylvania, on
that boundary, by ascertaining and marking thereon the beginning of
the 43° of North latitude, the Pennsylvania Legislature, on the 31st of
March, 1785, enacted a law, authorizing the Executive of the State to
appoint a Commissioner, in conjunction with one or more on the part
of New-York, to run and complete the Line. The person selected for
this service by Pennsylvania, in addition to Mr. Rittenhouse, was
Andrew Ellicott, Esq. an able Mathematician and Astronomer, and
well qualified also, by his practical knowledge of Surveying or Land-
Mensuration: this gentleman was accordingly commissioned[174] by
the hon. Charles Biddle, Esquire, then Vice-President of the
Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania, on the 16th of June,
1786.[175] The Commissioners on the part of New-York, were James
Clinton and Simeon De Witt, Esquires: And by these gentlemen,
appointed on behalf of their respective governments, this business
was prosecuted; but it was not then completed.[176]
“It is,” says Mr. Rittenhouse, “six long weeks since I have had the
happiness of seeing you or hearing from you; and this is the first
opportunity I have had of conveying a letter to you, since I left
Wyoming. As I cannot hope to receive a line from you until we
approach nearer to the habitable world, my next greatest pleasure is
to inform you of the favourable state of my health: this pleasure is
indeed damped in some degree, by my fears that you will not give
full credit to what I say, though I mean to abide strictly by the truth.
The head-ach has been unknown to me, almost ever since I left you;
my cough, though much better, is not quite removed; and I have no
other complaint, except, that which will never leave me in this world:
this, however, far from being worse than usual, is certainly
something less troublesome; which I attribute to my being more at
liberty to use moderate exercise, and less exposed to summer heats
than I should be at home. This seems to be a different climate from
that you are in; the weather is constantly cool, but not cold. We are
at present situated on a pleasant bank of the Susquehanna, about
fifteen miles above the mouth of the Chenango, one of the principal
branches of this river. From this place to Middletown in Lancaster
county, is, by estimation, 270 miles along the river: much of the road
is very bad, so that we had a tedious journey.
“It seems the old interpreter mistook the word treat, and construed
it, the giving them victual and drink: in consequence of this mistake,
the ladies expected to dine with us every day. They then departed,
seeming well satisfied; but in the afternoon we received a message
from them, complaining that we had already broken the treaty, in not
sending for them to dinner. To this we sent a verbal answer, with an
apology, and letting the ladies know we should expect them to tea.
To my great surprise, we then received a written note, thanking us
for our kindness and promising to drink tea with us,—signed, Jacowe
and Sally: it was in the Indian language, and written by Miss Sally
herself. We now thought it our duty to return a written compliment
likewise; and this intercourse ended with a verbal message from
Miss Sally, assuring us, that she thought herself honoured by our
letter and would carefully preserve it. The ladies did not fail to come;
and have drank tea every day, and sometimes dined with us. They
are cheerful and agreeable; but cannot, or will not, speak one word
of English. Mr. De Witt draws prettily, and is taking a very good
picture of the young princess, which I hope to have the pleasure of
shewing you in a few weeks. I have mentioned their writing, which
you will be surprised at: but these Indians are in some measure
civilized; many of them have learned to read;—they have the
Common Prayer Book of the Church, printed in their own language,
which is the Mohawk.[177] The family now with us have several books
with them; likewise paper, pens and ink. Every evening, the females
jointly sing several religious hymns, and their music is at least equal
to any of this kind I have heard: the old mistress is very devout, and
sometimes says her prayers with great fervency. They are,
nevertheless, still but Indians; and Miss Sally will sit, with all her
finery about her, flat on the ground for hours together, under a
miserable bark shed, making buckskin shoes, until her eyes are
almost smoked blind; then, by way of relaxation, she and her cousin
will step into a little tottering canoe, where, standing upright, they row
away with incredible swiftness.
* * * * * * * * * *
Thus did the labours of a great work,—of one which employed the
talents of Mr. Rittenhouse towards the close of the year 1774—which
were resumed by him in 1786, and were afterwards continued and
completed by Mr. Ellicott and his associates,—receive the legislative
sanction of Pennsylvania, fifteen years after the commencement of
this arduous undertaking.
“Gentlemen,
“Amidst the variety of fields, which, in this new world, lie open to
the investigation of your petitioners, they have, for several years,
turned their views towards one, wherein they hope to gather some of
their chief laurels, and to make discoveries alike honourable to their
country and themselves. Our distance from the chief Observatories
in the world, the purity and serenity of our atmosphere, invite us, nay
loudly call upon us, to institute a series of regular Astronomical
Observations; the comparison of which with those made in Europe,
and elsewhere, might settle some very important points, and
contribute greatly to give a last perfection to Geography and
Navigation. The advantages derived to those noble and useful
sciences, from such observations, are so obvious, that there is
scarce a civilized nation in the world that has not made some
provision for prosecuting them; and your petitioners have been
honoured with repeated solicitations from some of the greatest men
in Europe, to join with them in this great work, and in a mutual
communication of our labours.