REQUIREMENTS AND SOLUTIONS FOR DYNAMIC VOLTAGE RESTORER A CASE STUDY

P. Dhler, R. Affolter, O. Apeldoorn

ABB Industrie AG 5300 Turgi, Switzerland

ABB Automation
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CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION MARKET REQUIRMENTS OF THE DVR OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF A DVR SAG COMPENSATION CAPABILITY RELIABILITY AND AVAILABILITY LOSSES CONTROL AND PROTECTION HARMONICS MONITORING CONCLUSION

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Introduction
ABB Industrie AG, Switzerland Power Electronics Systems

Turgi

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Market requirements
Market requirements determine: Sag & Swell compensation capability Reliability and Availability Losses Control and Protection Harmonics Monitoring

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Operating Principle
Booster Transformer Distrib. Bus Load

Converter

Energy Storage

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Operating Principle
Standby
IL xt VB xt xt xm VL VB xt

Boost
IL

xm VL

Converter

VG = 0

Converter

|V | > 0 G

shorted CT !

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Topology
Q3 VG
Distribution Bus

IB= IG

Q1 T1

Filter

Q2

Load Bus

TL

Control VL

DVR
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Charger

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Topology
Short circuit operation (SCO-Mode)

No switching during SCO - Mode No switching losses No harmonics

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Topology

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Compensation Requirements
0.65

0.55 Voltage sag [%] 0.45

0.35

0.25 0 100 200 300 400 500

ms ABB Automation
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Compensation Capability
0.65
0.65

0.55
0.7

ABB

Voltage sag [%] 0.45

others
max. three phase sag capability

0.35
0.35

0.3
0

100

200

300

400

100

200

300

400

ms ABB Automation
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Reliability Availability
An Availability of > 98,5% can be achieved This is reached by
4 Simple Design 4 Low number of Parts 4 Implementation of the robust IGCT 4 Overcurrent capability

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Reliability Availability
4 MVA load In operation since 1.5 years no IGCT failure (~200FIT) thyristor technology is at 100 FIT
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Losses
Definition at SCO-Mode (Standby) Transformer losses (measured) Converter (calculated) Energy storage (calculated) Auxiliaries (measured) Goal
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= 98,5%

Losses
Feature
device on-state loss device turn-off loss device turn-on loss gate drive power short-circuit current dv/dt snubber di/dt snubber switch chip diode chip chip mount

IGBT

GTO

IGCT
50 % 100 % 5% 50 % external (choke) no yes monolithic monolithic pressure

100 % 70 % 100 % 100 % 100 % 30 % 1% 100 % self limited (= f(t)) external (choke) no yes no yes discrete monolithic discrete monolithic solder pressure

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Control and Protection

Vin
A,B,C

a, Transformation, eliminate zero sequence b Park Transformation s

freeze

a,b

e jw t

a,b

d,q

dqin dqfilt

Low pass filter

PLL

dqout
Fault Trigger

Voltage recovery < 1 ms to 100%

VDC

DC Voltage compensation, state of charge Reproduce phasors Create 3-phase signals Pulse Width Modulator PWM Generate boost voltage
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e jw t

d,q
a,b

a,b
A,B,C

Pulse Logic Vbus

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Harmonics
Q3 VG
Distribution Bus

IB= IG

Q1 T1

Filter

Q2

Load Bus

TL

Control VL

DVR

Charger

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Harmonics
Spectrum of DVR Output Voltage
0,6

No harmonics during SCO - Mode

0,4

UGN [%]
0,2

0 1 Ust 0,5 0 0 40 80 120 160 200

Order n of harmonics ABB Automation

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Monitoring
automatic data acquisition and logging remote online access remote data transfer PC-based interface RS232 or RS485 remote diagnostics and software changes

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Design Parameters
Load & Power Factor which has to be protected Voltage to be connected Maximum single phase sag [%] or Maximum three phase sag [%] Length of Sag [ms] to protect Area to be protected Recovery time for DC Link Voltage to 100% Overcurrent capability without going in bypass
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