Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 10

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/305072472

Hierarchical classification of supercapacitors; stroke degradation and their


environmental issues in their End-of-Life phase.

Conference Paper · July 2016

CITATIONS READS

0 159

4 authors:

Panagiotis Kokkotis Constantinos S. Psomopoulos


Heriot-Watt University University of West Attica, Greece
5 PUBLICATIONS 25 CITATIONS 215 PUBLICATIONS 1,525 CITATIONS

SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE

G.C. Ioannidis S.D. KAMINARIS


University of West Attica University of West Attica
91 PUBLICATIONS 428 CITATIONS 104 PUBLICATIONS 647 CITATIONS

SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE

All content following this page was uploaded by Panagiotis Kokkotis on 09 July 2016.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.


ABCDEDFGBFEHIFHEJJBKBFELBMNIMKIJOPCDFEPEFBLMDJQIJLDMRCISCTDESELBMNII
ENSILGCBDICNUBDMNVCNLEHIBJJOCJIBNILGCBDIWNSXMKXYBKCIPGEJCI
I
Z[I\[I]MRRMLBJ^I_[Ì[IZJMVMPMOHMJa^Ib[I\MENNBSBJ^Ì[I]EVBNEDBJI
I
cdefghidjhklmndohgpofnmjqpjddgpjqrspgfdtuvjpwdguphxklyeenpdz{opdjodur|}~r
€pwkjs‚ƒfnnpywd‚r„|| rmqfndkr†gddod
‡ˆkggduekjzpjqfth€kg‰mifpn‰oeukikeŠhdpepg‚qg
I
I
‹ŒJLDEFLI
{tedgofefophkgu vnhgfofefophkgu kg mndohgpo cktŽndfxdg ˆfefophkgu‘ fgd €pq€ ofefophx
dndohgko€dipofnofefophkguh€fhofjfohfufŽgpzqdrpjidfjuklfjdndohgpophxuhkgfqdidh€kzr
Ždh’ddjokiikjdndohgknxhpoofefophkgufjzkh€dgidfjukldndohgko€dipofndjdgqxuhkgfqdp‚d‚
Žfhhdgpdu‘‚y{tedgofefophkgokjupuhuklh€ddndohgkzdurh€ddndohgknxhdfjzh€dudefgfhkg‚€puuhtzx
gdwdfnuh€dwfgpktuifhdgpfnutudzpjh€difjtlfohtgpjqegkoduukl{tedgofefophkgurh€dpgegkufjz
okju fjz onfuuplpdu h€dud ifhdgpfnurfnkjq ’ph€ teokipjq hgdjzurgdqfgzpjq h€dpgekhdjhpfn
djwpgkjidjhfnpuutdufjzh€dekuupŽnd€fgih€fhofjzkhk€tifjufjzh€ddjwpgkjidjh‚
€d’pzdwfgpdhpduklifhdgpfnuƒth€djptir“gpzptirs€kue€kjptidho‚‘h€fhfgdtudzpjh€d
egkztohpkjkl{tedgofefophkgufgdfjfnx”dzrfjzfnkjq’ph€h€dpguhgk•dzdqgfzfhpkjr’dudefgfhd
h€ddjwpgkjidjhfnnxpjdghfjzh€ddjwpgkjidjhfnnx€fgiltnhxedukl{tedgofefophkgu‚
y•dxhk’fgzufutuhfpjfŽndlthtgdnpduŽkh€Ždh’ddjh€dd–enkphfhpkjklƒdjd’fŽndmjdgqx
{ktgodufjzktgfŽpnphxhkofehtgdfjzuhkgdh€duhko€fuhpoek’dgqdjdgfhdz‘fjzh€dƒckljd’
ifhdgpfnuh€fhofjŽdtudzpjh€puegkoduu’ph€kthzpugdqfgzpjqh€ddjwpgkjidjhfn—ndlhkwdgu˜flhdg
h€dpgtufŽndedgpkzklhpid‚™kgh€pugdfukjrh€puuhtzxfnukdie€fup”dukjh€dmjzklplde€fudkl
h€pudndohgpodjdgqxuhkgfqdidh€kz‚
š
›œžŸ¡¢£šœ¤œ¥š¢¦Ÿ§¥œ¨šœ¤¡©Ÿª©«¬ªœ¨š­§®§­¬¦Ÿ¢¨šœ¤¯¬Ÿ¤°œ¤¦¨š¢±®œ­§®§­¬¦Ÿ¢š
I
I
\²³´µ¶·_³\µ²I
€ddwdgo€fjqpjqjddzuklh€d’kgnzgdqfgzpjqdjdgqxzdifjzupuu€plhpjqhk’fgzudjdgqxuhkgfqd‚
yeenpofhpkju fgd lktjz pj ek’dg qgpzur€kid djdgqx egkztodgu fjz dwdj dndohgpo ofgu‚
{tedgofefophkgufgd€dgdhkŽgpzqdh€dqfeŽdh’ddjokjwdjhpkjfnŽfhhdgpdufjzupiendofefophkgu‚
{tedgofefophkgu¸€pq€utglfodfgdfdndohgkzdifhdgpfnufnkjq’ph€h€pjdndohgknxhpozpdndohgpoufnnk’
h€dihkfo€pdwdofefophfjoduito€qgdfhdgh€fjokjwdjhpkjfnofefophkgurh€tundfzpjqhkfhhfpjfŽnd
qgdfhdgdjdgqx zdjuphpdu ’€pnd ifpjhfpjpjq h€d €pq€ ek’dgo€fgfohdgpuhpou klokjwdjhpkjfn
ofefophkgu‚ƒdudfgo€fjzzdwdnkeidjhƒc‘klh€duddndohgkzdifhdgpfnufjzklh€ddndohgknxhpo
zpdndohgpouokjuhfjhnxu€k’tuh€d’fxhkteqgfzpjqh€do€fgfohdgpuhpoukl{tedgofefophkgu‚€pu
uhtzxd–enkgduh€dudifhdgpfnufjzh€dpgo€fgfohdgpuhpouhk’fgzudjwpgkjidjhfnpuutdu‚y•dxfuedoh
klh€puuhtzxpuhkzdlpjdh€dgdoxonfŽpnphxkl{tedgofefophkgufookgzpjqhkh€dpgifhdgpfnu‚
ABCDEDFGBFEHI_HEJJBKBFELBMNIMKÌOPCDFEPEFBLMDJI
ˆtggdjhnxr{tedgofefophkguofjŽdzpwpzdzpjhkh€gddqdjdgfnonfuudu¹„º‰
p‚» mndohgko€dipofnzktŽndnfxdgofefophkgumcˆ‘¼phpuh€dokiŽpjfhpkjklh’kofgŽkjŽfudz
dndohgkzdifhdgpfnuudefgfhdzŽxfjpjutnfhkg‚€duhkgfqdklh€ddjdgqxo€fgqdhf•duenfodŽx
123 5678 7 7     77  77 78    7
 !"#$%&'() *"+,%,-!" '*."+$%& '""/0!"+
 ,%11.( '*+,%2."/ '+3%4.**"+5%56!1.."
 789:#;2<=;>?=><>@=;3=2
ABACDEFEGEHIJEAAKFEAGLMKFKHNABIMEFOKLFEANDKFPKLQKKAKRKILFBGKEAGLMKKRKILFBRSLKT
UEFPBAJELKFHERNEFKVAHWVKNLFVILVFKNQHLMOFKELNVFDEIKEFKEXKYIKRRKALKRKILFHIIBAGVILHZHLSX
MHOMIMKJHIERNLEPHRHLSEAGMHOMJKIMEAHIERNLEPHRHLST
HHT[\NKVGBIE]EIHLBFN^LMKSKRKILFBNLELHIERRSNLBFKLMKIMEFOKEAGLMKKRKILFBGKCKRKILFBRSLKHALKFDEIK
JEAEOKNLBLFEANDKFLMKDEFEGEHIIMEFOKT_MKSMEZKMHOMKFN]KIHDHIIE]EIHLEAIKEAGMHOMKF
KAKFOSGKANHLSLMEA`abUNT_FEANHLHBAJKLERBYHGKNEAGIBAGVILHAO]BRSJKFNEFKOBBG
KYEJ]RKNBDJELKFHERNVNKGHALMHNLKIMABRBOST
HHHT[cSPFHGIE]EIHLBFN

d
efghijdkldmIMKJELHIFK]FKNKALELHBABDNV]KFIE]EIHLBFNn
oEp`abUXoPp\NKVGBIE]EIHLBFXoIpcSPFHGqrst

efghijduldURENNHDHIELHBABDmV]KFIE]EIHLBFNqvs
12346738973 7  78987879383 778393 7348797873 
!"#$%&'() *"+,%,-!" '*."+$%& '""/0!"+
 ,%11.( '*+,%2."/ '+3%4.**"+5%56!1.."
789:# ;<=;>?=><>=;@=
ABCDEFGHCIJKECFLKBMINMCHILOIPQRCFDKRKDLEGFMI
STTUUVWXYZU[\]^U_`W^W`abY_T`WVXUcWV]dW`b]_UeXfZW_aY]TcWbU_aWgThiVY_eU_bYeUdaVUbjU
UVZa_YVcUVbWg`YV`U_VTYdbjUTUcWbU_aWgT[kUTjY]geda_TbeUdaVUbjUTUcWbU_aWgTh\YcUYdbjU
`]__UVbcWbU_aWgTbjWb`WVXU]TUe[`WVXUdY]VeaVbjUbWXgUXUgYkh
lKmBCInopaTbYdcWbU_aWgT]TUeaV\]^U_`W^W`abY_TWTUgU`b_YeUq
rBKMMI sOuGHCtI
I lvRCI rGOEKLOMI wCxI
a \aVzgU{WggUeyW_XYV|WVYb]XUT
aa €]gbakWggUeyW_XYV|WVYb]XUT
yW_XYV aaaZa ]ggU_UVU
‚_W^jUVU y }~
XWTUe Z S`baZWbUe|WVY^Y_Y]TyW_XYV
Za S`baZWbUeyW_XYV|WVYdaXU_T
Zaa ‚_W^jUVUXWTUe|WVY`Yc^YTabUT
Zaaa ]Ġ ] }~
a„ i_ƒ† i_
„ €Vƒ† €V }‡
„a \Vƒ† \V
€UbWg „„aaaaa ˆaUƒ‰
Š†ƒ‹
ˆa
Š }~
ƒ„aeUT „aZ |aƒ |a
„Z |aU†ƒ‡ |aU }‡
„Za ˆa†ƒ‰ iV
„Zaa U‰ƒ‡ U }~
„Zaaa yY‰ƒ‡ yY }‡
yYVe]`baVz „„a„„ ŒYgfWVagaVUVWVYdaXU_T |
ŒYgfcU_T „„a ŒYgf‰[‡ŽUbjfgŒUYVgUfe^aYf„__fYbgjUaYda^gcjUVUŒ‘ƒ’ |
\
}~
I
ABCDEFGBvECIJKECFLKBMIQMCHILOIPQRCFDKRKDLEGFMI
SVYbjU_ZU_fac^Y_bWVbcWbU_aWg]TUeaVW\]^U_`W^W`abY_aTbjUUgU`b_YgfbUh’jUUgU`b_YgfbUeUdaVUT
bjU^U_dY_cWV`UYdbjU\]^U_`W^W`abY_[WTbjUUgU`b_YgfbU`YV`UVb_WbaYVjWTbYXUjazjaVY_eU_bY
WZYaeeU^gUbaYVaTT]UTe]_aVzbjU`jW_zaVz^jWTUhidbjUUgU`b_YgfbU_UTU_ZYa_aTTcWgg`Yc^W_UebY
bjUW_UWYdbjUUgU`b_YeU[bjU^U_dY_cWV`UYdbjU\]^U_`W^W`abY_kaggXU_Ue]`Ueh‚YV“WgU“UbWg}‹
WgTYcUVbaYVbjWbbjU_UW_UbkYbf^UTYdUgU`b_YgfbUT]TUe”S•]UY]TWVeY_zWVàWVe[aYVàga•]aeTh
’jUcYTb_U`UVbW`baZWbUe`W_XYVXWTUeT]^U_`W^W`abY_T\yTYVbjUcW_–Ub]TUUgU`b_YgfbU
TYg]baYVTXWTUeYVW^_YbàTYgZUVbT[bf^àWggfW`UbYVab_agUS|Y_Y_zWVà`W_XYVWbUŽXWTUeTYgZUVbT
^_Y^fgUVU`W_XYVWbUŒy[UbjfgUVU`W_XYVWbU[UbjfgcUbjfg`W_XYVWbUUb̀hkabj`UggZYgbWzU]^bY
†h—‹Š}˜hSVYbjU_Tb]ef]TUeWVaYVàga•]aeXWTUe`Yc^YTabUzUg^YgfcU_UgU`b_YgfbU`YVbWaVaVz
VWVYTb_]`b]_Ue\aƒ†}™hƒbjU_eaddU_UVbUgU`b_YgfbUT`WVXUdY]VeaVbjUbWXgUXUgYk”
I
123 5678 7 7     77  77 78    7
 !"#$%&'() *"+,%,-!" '*."+$%& '""/0!"+
 ,%11.( '*+,%2."/ '+3%4.**"+5%56!1.."
 789:#;2<=;3>=3<3?=;@=2
ABCDEFGHFIJKLMNOPQRLSTUNVQWSKWMTXTWOWYZVLUX[WVJXLM\
A]^EF _`cd aEbF
F ef Egh iBD
Fed g^ djh
kh
d `F lEmF
nopB`hiF TTT qULXWOTX[TVL
u[WKJVLOLQN[vWONXL
rst
rwt
TTT XLX[NLXRJVNSSWOTySXLX[NYVyW[WvW[NXL
xBDkF T| ILX[NLXRJVKRWMKRWOTySXLX[NYVyW[WvW[NXL rz{t
| I[TLXRJVSLXRJVNSSWOTySXLX[NYVyW[WvW[NXL
|T z}LXRJV}~}SLXRJVTSTPNWVTySvTM€X[TYVyW[WSLXRJVMyVYWOJVTSTPL
€Z‚ƒ}I„ ƒ
|TT z}LXRJV}~}SLXRJVTSTPNWVTySXLX[NYVyW[WvW[NXL€Z‚ƒ}†„‡ rzzt
_d`hiF |TTT z}SLXRJV}z}K[WKJVKTKL[TPTO€‚u TySvTM€X[TYVyW[WSLXRJVMyVYWOJVTSTPL
uK}I„ ƒ
Tˆ z}†yXJV}~}SLXRJVTSTPNWVTySXLX[NYVyW[WvW[NXL€r†‚ƒ‚tr†„‡t
ˆ z}vyXJV}~}SLXRJVTSTPNWVTySvTM€X[TYVyW[WSLXRJVMyVYWOJVTSTPL rz‰t
€r†‚ƒ‚trI„ ƒt
qMTXUNOvLMLLOŠXRL|N[TLXJWYSNXL[TNVMTMOWXVTSTXLP‹ŒLUWSvTONXTWOMN[LvLTOŽMXyPTLP
NOPXLMXLPTOW[PL[XWK[WPyULXRLMyKL[UNKNUTXW[XRNXYTXMXRLUy[[LOXNOPYyXy[LLOL[ŽJX[LOPM‹
lEi]iDh̀pFx^EoiB^BihkdojF
yKL[UNKNUTXW[MMRWyVPvL[LUJUVLPNUUW[PTOŽXWZy[WKLNOOTWO€Z‘T[LUXT|L‰{{‰’w“’ZQWO
NMXLLVLUX[TUNOPLVLUX[WOTUL”yTKSLOXrz~t‹ L|L[NVRNN[PMN[LOLLPLPXWvLUWOMTPL[LPTOXRL
PL|LVWKSLOXWYXRL[LUJUVTOŽXLUROWVWŽTLMrz‡t•
–— ˜NN[PMNMMWUTNXLPTXRXRLMWV|LOXM‹IRLSWMXTPLVJyMLPMWV|LOXMYW[PTMMWV|TOŽLVLUX[WVJXLM
N[LK[WKJVLOLUN[vWONXL€uQNOPNULXWOTX[TVL€qŒ‹
–— ˜NN[PMNMMWUTNXLPTXRXRLLVLUX[WVJXLM‹IRLLVLUX[WVJXLMyMLPTOMyKL[UNKNUTXW[MN[LW[ŽNOTU
MNVXM‹ILX[NLXRJVNSSWOTySXLX[NYVyW[WvW[NXL€IZq}†„‡TMXRLSWMXTPLVJyMLPTOUWSSL[UTNV
MyKL[UNKNUTXW[M‹
–— ˜NN[PM NMMWUTNXLP TXR XRL KWVJSL[ vTOPL[‹IRL SWMXUWSSWOVJ yMLP vTOPL[M N[L
YVyW[WKWVJSL[MMyURNMKWVJXLX[NYVy[WLXRJVLOL€uI„ZW[KWVJ€|TOJVTPLOLYVyW[TPL€u™‘„
PyLXWXRLT[TOL[XONXy[L‹
šTNOŽNOPuTU›L[TOŽrz‡tRN|LNVMWMXyPTLPXRL[LUJUVTOŽWYMyKL[UNKNUTXW[MvNMLPWOMR[LPPTOŽ
NOP STVP XRL[SNVX[LNXSLOXŠRL[L XRLJ UWOUVyPL XRNXXRL XR[LL SNTO UWSKWOLOXM WYN
MyKL[UNKNUTXW[€NUXT|NXLPUN[vWOŠMWV|LOXNOPNVySTOySUNOvL[LUJUVLPRTVLXRLKWVJSL[vTOPL[
NOPLWVLUX[WVJXLMNVXN[LVLYXvLRTOPTOXRLNUXT|NXLPUN[vWO‹qYXL[MR[LPPTOŽŠNSTVPXRL[SNVX[LNXSLOX
€‰{{QUNOL|NKW[NXLXRLMWV|LOXMTOœSTOM‹
™L[STMWŽVWyLXNVrzœtPL|LVWKLPNMTSKVLNOPVW}UWMXSLXRWPYW[[LUJUVTOŽWYMyKL[UNKNUTXW[
SNXL[TNV‹IRTMSLXRWPNTSMTO[LUW|L[TOŽXRLYyOPNSLOXNVSLXNVNOPUN[vWOUWSKWOLOXMNOPNVMW
PLNVTXRXRLLVLUX[WVJXLvJPTMMWV|TOŽTXTONONK[WXTUMWV|LOXTOW[PL[XWN|WTPRNN[PWyMNOTWOM‹

12346738973 7  78987879383 778393 7348797873 


!"#$%&'()!*+$+,!&)-!*#$%&!!./!*
 +$00-'&)*+$1-!.&*2$3-))!*4$450--!
6789" :;<:=><=;=?<:@<
ABCDEFGHIGJKLMLNONPQRSTMUNLVVWRXXKLVLTWMWXLYTMUYZNXV[MU\VZTLMNWTWNQXUMV]^_`a
G
G
bcdBeBfgGhijGkilBEcimFifhnGBooDFoGBiGphfFEBhnoGDoFjGBiGqDrFEehrheBfcEoG
sTWMX[MU\XKLMLNONPQRSTMUNLVVYLVNMQtLYWtUuLvwLVKUZPYWPVUtLWMQR\QRYXKLuWMQUZV
YWRSLMV WVVUNQWXLY wQXK XKL KWRYPQRS U[\WXLMQWPV ZVLY QR XKL \WRZ[WNXZMQRS TMUNLVV U[
VZTLMNWTWNQXUMVxyUMXKQVMLWVURvXKLTMLuQUZVPORUXLY\WXLMQWPVwQPPtLNPWVVQ[QLYWNNUMYQRSXUXKLQM
XUzQNQXOWRYUXKLM[WNXUMVv[UPPUwQRSXKL{|}QMLNXQuL~^€_€{‚]^ƒ`WRYXKL„PUtWP WM\URQ†LY
‡OVXL\U[‚PWVVQ[QNWXQURWRYˆWtLPPQRSU[‚KL\QNWPVx
sPXKUZSK„ ‡NURNLRXMWXLVURKZ\WRMLPWXLYQVVZLVMLSWMYQRSXKLNKL\QNWPVvURLNWRNPLWMPO
VLLXKWXVU\LU[XKLVLNWRYW\WSLXKLW‰ZWXQNLRuQMUR\LRXwQXKNKMURQNXUzQNQXOxJKL\UVXXUzQN
VZtVXWRNLVLL\VXUtLXKL^Š‹ZXOPŠŒŠ\LXKOPQ\QYW†UPQZ\XLXMW[PZUMUtUMWXL]‹ŽŽ`]‹y`‘WVQXQV
NKWMWNXLMQ†LY’“LMOXUzQNXUW‰ZWXQNPQ[LwQXKPURSPWVXQRSL[[LNXV”xRSLRLMWPvXKLLPLNXMUYLVWML
LRuQMUR\LRXWPPOQRLMXvwQXKXKLLzNLTXQURU[“WRWYQZ\wKQNKQVXUzQNx‡TLNQWPNWMLVKUZPYtLSQuLR
XUXKLLPLNXMUPOXLVvWVXKLONWRVQTLWVQPOQRXUXKLwWXLMKUMQ†URWRYYW\WSLXKLLRuQMUR\LRXx

G G

123 5678 7 7     77  77 78    7


 !"#$%&'() *"+,%,-!" '*."+$%& '""/0!"+
 ,%11.( '*+,%2."/ '+3%4.**"+5%56!1.."
 789:#;23<;=><=3=?<;@<2
ABCDEFGHIJKKLMNOPQRIMSTLMUVWTXYSKLXSMVLZ[KSWXVOWSUVWXYV[[XJUN\]^_
`aJXSbOcVaVXN dMLZ e fghijhiKTklTmeiiKTklT bOcVaVP[nLZZOnSU
o fghijeiiKTklTmpiiiKTklT RLMKPJZVP[nLZZOnSU
gSMKLZ e fghijhiKTklTmeiiKTklT bOcVaVWaOWXLaXnVXY[lVW
o fghijeiiKTklTmpiiiKTklT RLMKPJZVWaOWXLaXnVXY[lVW
IlVWqOMMO[VOW ]r gS[XMJaXVOW OP[lVW XV[[JSsL[SU OW qLJ[S[[SuSMS[lVWsJMW[LWUSNS
SctO[JMSOPJtXO]YOJM ULKLTSv
IlVWVMMVXLXVOW p wSLWuLZJSOPxpvejoviPOMSMNXYSKL qLJ[S[[lVWVMMVXLXVOW
kS[aYLMOMSUSKLVWLXZSL[XpOPe
XS[XSULWVKLZ[PMOKTMLUVWT[LXpoyozy
LWU ^p YOJM[{OMOW e aOW[SaJXVuS
ULN[ LPXSM OW[SX VP MSLaXVOW[ LMS
USZLNSU|}VWPZLKKLXVOWXYLXtSM[V[X[XO
SWU OP XYS {WOMKLZZN ]o~ULN|
Os[SMuLXVOWtSMVOUv
NSVMMVXLXVOW ] PPSaX[ OW XYS aOMWSLy VMV[ OM qLJ[S[[SuSMSSNSULKLTS
aOW€JWaXVuLXYLXLMSWOXSctSaXSUXO
MSuSM[SOMXYLXYLuSWOXPJZZNMSuSM[SU
nVXYVWp]ULN[
p` PPSaX[ OW XYS aOMWSLy VMV[ OM qLJ[S[[SuSMSSNSVMMVXLXVOW
aOW€JWaXVuLXYLXPJZZNMSuSM[SnVXYVW
p]ULN[
pr PPSaX[ OW XYS aOMWSLy VMV[ OM qLJ[S[SNSVMMVXLXVOW
aOW€JWaXVuLXYLXPJZZNMSuSM[SnVXYVW^
ULN[
RLLMUOJ[XO qYMOWVa ] f{|qhiƒ„††‡ˆ‰Š‡‹ˆŒ‡Ž‡ˆ‘’Š‡ žSMN XOcVa XO L‚JLXVa ZVPS nVXY
XYS`‚JLXVa XOcVaVXN Š“”ˆŠˆ•’‹’–—‡ˆ‰Š˜Ž‡™š›œ†† ZOWTZL[XVWTSPPSaX[
WuVMOWKSWX
p ]viimf{|qhiƒ„††‡ˆ‰Š‡‹ˆŒ‡Ž‡ˆ‘’Š‡ bOcVa XO L‚JLXVa ZVPS nVXY ZOWT
Š“”ˆŠˆ•’‹’–—‡ˆ‰Š˜Ž‡™š›œ†† ZL[XVWTSPPSaX[
e ]ivimf{|qhiƒ„††‡ˆ‰Š‡‹ˆŒ‡Ž‡ˆ‘’Š‡ RLMKPJZXOL‚JLXVaZVPSnVXYZOWT
Š“”ˆŠˆ•’‹’–—‡ˆ‰Š˜Ž‡™š›œ†† ZL[XVWTSPPSaX[
o ŸOLaJXSXOcVaVXNLWUZLalOPMLtVU wLN aLJ[SZOWT ZL[XVWT YLMKPJZ
Š“”ˆŠˆ•’‹’–—‡ˆ‰Š‡™š›œ†† SPPSaX[XOL‚JLXVaZVPS
QSMKqSZZ p qJX~Ž˜ŒŽ‰Œ“‰–ˆ–’Ž‰‡‹’’–¡‡œ„†¢ IJ[tSaXSU OP aLJ[VWT TSWSXVa
wJXLTSWVaVXN USPSaX[
£StMOUJaXVuS p qJX~Ž˜ŒŽ‰Œ“‰–ˆ–’Ž‰‡‹’’–¡‡œ†„¢ IJ[tSaXSUOPULKLTVWTPSMXVZVXNOM
bOcVaVXN XYSJWsOMWaYVZU
ItSaVPVabLMTSX £StSLXSU ] qLJ[S[ULKLTSXOOMTLW[XYMOJTY
dMTLWXOcVaVXN ctO[JMS tMOZOWTSUOMMStSLXSUSctO[JMS
IVWTZS p wLN aLJ[S ULKLTS XO OMTLW[
ctO[JMS XYMOJTY tMOZOWTSU OM MStSLXSU
SctO[JMS
e wLNaLJ[SMS[tVMLXOMNVMMVXLXVOWdM
wLN aLJ[S UMOn[VWS[[ OM
UVVWS[[
¤

12346738973 7  78987879383 778393 7348797873 


!"#$%&'() *"+,%,-!" '*."+$%& '""/0!"+
 ,%11.( '*+,%2."/ '+3%4.**"+5%56!1.."
789:# ;<=><=;=?<@<
ABCDEFGHFIJKLMNOJPMKQMORSLTUVOMWKNVOLXYKUMKVKUZSNOUYKUMTJSQQXKQ
dghiEF ekj^F ekj^F eAn p[EF dqhBij
A[\EF `]^Fab
_E cdeFfF Ab
F `jgji ]lljiBijb cbllbmjb AFopF ]lljiBijb gF
crlb^j nirElF]^sbF
[F ^F ^F ^F gF
}SuWJP
~JTYYTJK
JS€XSVTUV
ZTON‚
tNuTUS S vwxywxz { | }TNYƒXJSƒ
L Q„TJJO„KV‚
SULOUMTLM
„SMWQSU
ON†ƒ
SUWTJKV
SS ‡yzxˆ|xv |
SSS {|Šxy‹x‡ { | |
SZ ‹‹wx{Šx‹ ŒOTMTŽZTSJTJK ONNOQSZK‚
‰TJM †NNSMTUM
}TNYƒXJ‚
Z ‹Š{{{x{vxŠ ŒOTMTŽZTSJTJK ONNOQSZK‚
†NNSMTUM
‘ORSLSƒ
‰„TJJO„KV
ONSU
OUMTLM
ZS ‡v{zŠ|Šxz|x ˆ ‡ | „S MW‰SU‚
TXQKQ
‰KZKNK
‰ SUXNUQ
TUVKPK
VTYTuK
ZSS ‡{ˆˆ‡ˆ{x‡‹x { |
ZSSS ‹yz‡{‡yx‡|x ŒOTMTŽZTSJTJK
†OUSL SR ‡v{wy‹‡x‹wx ˆ | ‡ ‡
‘ORSLSƒ
‰„TJJO„KV
ONSU
OUMTLM
„SMW‰SU‚
TXQKQ
R ‡v{zŠˆŠxzˆx ˆ ‡ | | ‰KZKNK
‰ SUXNUQ
TUVKPK
VTYTuK‚
TUuKNOXQ
ƒONMWK
KUZSNOUYK
UM
123 5678 7 7     77  77 78    7
 !"#$%&'() *"+,%,-!" '*."+$%& '""/0!"+
 ,%11.( '*+,%2."/ '+3%4.**"+5%56!1.."
 789:#;<2=;>3=>2>?=;@=<
BCDEFGHIGJKLMNOPQLRNPSTMUVQPNWLOQPMXYLVNLQLVZTOPVYLVNUKTRRXLR
cfghFG dB dB mjFG mjFG rFnEpG cugC
[EC\\G ]^_F`G
abG [cdGeG Bb`if kBG kBG ]nnihChi oCpC sg[F EG lFtnb_gf hifG khvFnG
ihjG lmG dmG b^G qFG fihjFG^i hib^G
hCq [vnb ]^wbG
^ifG
T xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
TT xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
TTT ~~€‚ ƒ „
[CnDb^GDC\F_G TZ ~‚€
xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
Z xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
ZT xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
ZTT xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
ZTTT „†ƒ‚ xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
†‚
TS „†ƒ†‚ xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
‡~‚€
S ƒƒ‚ ‡
ƒ‚~
ST €„€„‚ xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
†‚
STT xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
ˆPSTM
UVQ
STTT ƒ‡‚ ‡ „ „ „ RŠP‰OLNOWPLX
QU V
„‚
LVZTOPV
YLVN
YU‹
MUXRL
STZ ƒƒ‚
~~‚ ‡ MU}V‹MLO
TVWUKUNTP
V
sFhCEGk`i_F\G ˆPSTMŒ
U‹
„€‚ MUXRL
SZ ‡‚ zP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL MUVMLO

TVWUKUNTP
V
SZT Žƒ†‚‡ƒ‚ xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
SZTT ƒ‚Ž~‚ xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
U‹
MUXRL
UKKLO‰‹
PO
URNWYU
SZTTT †ƒ†‚€‚ ƒ R‹Y
RPO
NPY
}OLUNWTV
‰
QTŠŠTMXKNT
LRTŠ
TVWUKLQ
[b^_gfhi^qG SSTSS xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
bEjpFn\G SST xVLONyzP{UNU|ZUTKU}KL
12346738973 7  78987879383 778393 7348797873 
!"#$%&'() *"+,%,-!" '*."+$%& '""/0!"+
 ,%11.( '*+,%2."/ '+3%4.**"+5%56!1.."
789:# ;<=;>?=>>@=;A=<
BCDEFGHICDHJ
J
KLMNOPQMQPRSTOUQONQVNWNOXRVXSNPYVTZTX[\TO]TSYWT]RZNQV^USQSRTVQO[QMMZRPQSRTVU_`YN
WQSNORQZULUN^ RV SYNROWQVL\QPSLORVX MOTPNUURVPZL^N]TSY NVaROTVWNVSQZZ[ RVNOSQV^ STbRP
UL]USQVPNU_cULQZZ[SYNNZNPSOTZ[SNMTUNUQSYONQSSTdQO^USYNNVaROTVWNVSQV^VNN^UST]NSNV^N^
dRSYPQONRVSYNMOTPNUUT\ONP[PZRVX_`YNWNSYT^SYQSRU^TWRVQVSQSSYNWTWNVSRUSYNUYON^^RVXT\
ULMNOPQMQPRSTOUQV^SYNONPTaNO[T\SYNROWQSNORQZU_
J
ef gfhfDEfHJ
ijk lYNVmKno_mpQWQPYQV^OQVmp_moQVRmq_mKQOQUdQSYRmp_rstjuv_pNPNVSw^aQVPNWNVSURVxZNPSOT^NoQSNORQZU
\TOyRXYnMNO\TOWQVPNxZNPSOTPYNWRPQZKLMNOPQMQPRSTOUzw pNaRNd_{VSNOVQSRTVQZ|TLOVQZT\xZNPSOTPYNWRPQZ
KPRNVPNm}mut~snut€
isk qQVXQORmo_mO[TOm`_QV^‚RQVXmƒ_rstj„v_KLMNOPQMQPRSTOUzpNaRNdT\oQSNORQZUQV^ Q]ORPQSRTVoNSYT^U_
‚TLOVQZT\xVNOX[xVXRVNNORVXmj„}rsvm~sns}
i„k †R^dQVRmo_m‡YQXdQVRmw_QV^pTYOQmˆ_rstjuv_KLMNOPQMQPRSTOUzSYNVNQO LSLONT\‡QSSNORNU_{VSNOVQSRTVQZ
‚TLOVQZT\xVXRVNNORVX{VaNVSRTVUmur€vmsns~
iuk ƒTP‰YQV^Nml_Š_mŠL]QZmŠ__QV^‚TTm‹nK_rstjjv_oNSQZ‹bR^NSYRV RZW‡QUN^KLMNOPQMQPRSTOU_lLOONVS
wMMZRN^Y[URPUmjjr„vms€€ns~t
i€k †TVŒQZNŒmw_m†TR‰TZNQmx_m‡QOONVQm‚_w_QV^o[U[‰mp_rstjv_pNaRNdTVKLMNOPQMQPRSTOUz`NPYVTZTXRNUQV^
WQSNORQZU_pNVNdQ]ZNQV^KLUSQRVQ]ZNxVNOX[pNaRNdUm€mjj}njst
ik ‚ŽVNUmw_mxU‰LUUTVm‚_m`YTW]NOXm`_mpTWQVVm`_mZLUSmx_rstjv_{TVRPZRLR^njmsn^RWNSYTb[QSYQVNWRbSLONQU
NZNPSOTZ[SN\TOYRXYMTdNO^NVURS[ULMNOPQMQPRSTOU_‚TLOVQZT\xVNOX[lYNWRUSO[mwaQRZQ]ZNTVZRVNj N]OLQO[
stjm{KKˆst}€nu}€mYSSMz^b_^TR_TOXjt_jtj|_|NPYNW_stj_ts_tjj
i~k ‹OSNXQm_m`ORXLNROTm‚__l_mKRZaQm†_†_mƒQaQZZmp_ƒ_rstjv_{WMOTaRVXULMNOPQMQPRSTOPQMQPRSQVPN][LURVXQ
VTaNZXNZVQVTPTWMTURSNMTZ[WNONZNPSOTZ[SN]QUN^TVVQVTUSOLPSLON^KR‹smqŠ QV^RWR^QŒTZRLWRTVRPZRLR^m
xZNPSOTPYNWRPQwPSQmjmt}nj~
ik lYNVXm _m‘Lm’_m“QVXm‚_mKYRm”_m“Lml rstjv_w VTaNZULMNOPQMQPRSTONZNPSOTZ[SNT\UMROTnrjmj•vn
]RM[OTZR^RVRLW SNSOQ\ZLTOT]TOQSNRVQPNSTVRSORZN^R]LS[ZPQO]TVQSNWRbN^UTZaNVSU\TOLZSOQnZTd SNWMNOQSLON
QMMZRPQSRTVU_xZNPSOTPYNWRPQwPSQmsttmjtnjju
i}k –TYZWQVVmK_m‹Z[UPYZŽXNOm`_m†TT^ORPYm_mqRPNVSN—‚_w_m‚QPLNWRVm‚_m‡QZ^LPPRmw_rstj€v_oRbSLONUT\
wŒNMQVRLW‡QUN^RTVRPƒRLR^UQV^OTM[ZNVNlQO]TVQSNQUyRXYqTZSQXNxZNPSOTZ[SNU\TOKLMNOPQMQPRSTOU_
xZNPSOTPYNWRPQwPSQmj€„musnu„s
ijtk KLmŠ_K_QV^lNVSRm†_rstj„v_wMNOUMNPSRaNTVPQO]TVWQSNORQZU\TO\LSLONNVNOX[QMMZRPQSRTVU_‚TLOVQZT\
xVNOX[lYNWRUSO[mssrsvmj€jnj~„
ijjk ƒRm‚_m`QVXm‚_m‘LQVm‚_m”YQVXm˜_mKYQTm™_mKLVm‘_m™RVmƒnl_rstjv_{VSNOQPSRTVU]NSdNNVXOQMYNVNQV^
RTVRPNZNPSOTZ[SNRVULMNOPQMQPRSTOU_xZNPSOTPYNWRPQwPSQmj}~mun}j
ijsk `QWQRZQOQUQVm_QV^pQWQMOQ]YLmK_rstjsv_lQO]TVVQVTSL]NUnXOQMYNVNnUTZR^ZR‰NRTVRPZRLR^ZQ[NOn]QUN^
][OR^NZNPSOT^NWQSNORQZ\TOYRXYMNO\TOWQVPNULMNOPQMQPRSTO_`YN‚TLOVQZT\Y[URPQZlYNWRUSO[mjjmjuj~}n
juj~
ij„k xcp‹xwˆcˆ{‹ˆrstj„v_ŠRONPSRaNstts}xlT\SYNxLOTMNQVQOZRQWNVSQV^T\SYNlTLVPRZT\s~
‚QVLQO[stt„TVdQUSNNZNPSORPQZQV^NZNPSOTVRPNLRMWNVSr“xxxvn‚TRVS^NPZQOQSRTVT\SYNxLOTMNQV
QOZRQWNVSmSYN lTLVPRZQV^ SYN lTWWRUURTV ONZQSRVX ST wOSRPZN } i‹VZRVNkwaQRZQ]ZN QSzYSSMzNLOn
ZNb_NLOTMQ_NLZNXQZnPTVSNVSxˆ`’`šLOR›lxƒx’œ„w„sttsƒtt}iwPPNUUN^zs_tu_stjk
ijuk ‚RQVXm†_QV^RP‰NORVXmK_‚_rstjv_pNP[PZRVXULMNOPQMQPRSTOU]QUN^TVUYON^^RVXQV^WRZ^SYNOWQZSONQSWNVS_
“QUSNoQVQXNWNVSmumu€nu~t
ij€k qNOWRUTXZTLmx_m†RQVVTLORmo_m`T^TOTaQmˆ_m†RQVVQ‰TMTLZTLm`_mƒN‰Q‰TLml_m`OQMQZRUml_rstjv_pNP[PZRVX
T\`[MRPQZKLMNOPQMQPRSTOoQSNORQZU_“QUSNoQVQXNWNVSpNUNQOPYm„uruvm„„~n„uu
ijk xcp‹xwˆ cˆ{‹ˆ rsttjv_lTWWRUURTVŠRONPSRaNsttj€}xlT\wLXLUSsttjQ^QMSRVXSTSNPYVRPQZ
MOTXONUU\TOSYNsSYSRWNlTLVPRZŠRONPSRaN~€uxxlTVSYNQMMOTbRWQSRTVT\SYNZQdUmONXLZQSRTVUQV^
Q^WRVRUSOQSRaNMOTaRURTVUONZQSRVXSTSYNPZQUUR\RPQSRTVmMQP‰QXRVXQV^ZQ]NZZRVXT\^QVXNOTLUUL]USQVPNUr`NbS
dRSY xxw ONZNaQVPN_vžJ i‹VZRVNk waQRZQ]ZN QSz YSSMzNLOnZNb_NLOTMQ_NLZNXQZnPTVSNVSxˆ`’`šR^›
jusstsutj€}jLOR›lxƒx’z„sttjƒtt€}iwPPNUUN^zs_tu_stjk
ij~k cVRSN^ˆQSRTVUrstj„v_†ZT]QZZ[yQOWTVRŒN^K[USNWT\lZQUUR\RPQSRTVQV^ZQ]NZZRVXT\lYNWRPQZUm R\SYpNaRUN^
x^RSRTV i‹VZRVNk waQRZQ]ZN QSz YSSMUzddd_LVNPN_TOX\RZNQ^WRVŠwoSOQVU^QVXNO ML]ZRXYUXYUŸONat€
J xVXZRUYK`nK†nwljtn„tnpNa€N_M^\iwPPNUUN^zs_tu_stjk
J

123 5678 7 7     77  77 78    7


 !"#$%&'() *"+,%,-!" '*."+$%& '""/0!"+
 ,%11.( '*+,%2."/ '+3%4.**"+5%56!1.."
 789:#;<2=;>?=>2>@=;A=<
View publication stats

You might also like