Cathode Ray Oscilloscope
(CRO)
A Cathode Ray Oscilloscope can measure:
¢ Amplitude of both ac and dc voltages.
* Time period (T) of any type of time varying
“tae and one can find out frequency f =
1/T.
* Phase of any waveform.
* Current indirectly.Types of Cathode Ray Oscilloscope:
* Single Trace CRO
* Dual Trace CRO — (i) dual beam type
(ii) dual channel type
Digital CRO
Digital Storage type CRO
Sampling Oscilloscope.
Schematic block diagram of single trace CRO
Tr rf —Basic operation of CRO
The input signal to be displayed is applied at
the vertical input terminal through an
amplifier/ attenuator. If the input signal is
weak it will be amplified by the amplifier
and when it is large in amplitude the
attenuator will reduce the amplitude, so
that the waveform can be displayed within
the screen of the CRO. Then the signal is
applied to vertical deflection plate of CRT
through delay line. On the other hand an
inbuilt sawtooth generator is there to
generate a sweep signal which is amplified
by a horizontal amplifier before it reaches to
horizontal deflection plates of the cathode
ray tube.
To display a steady waveform on the
screen synchronization of both vertical and
horizontal signal on the screen is essential.So when the vertical signal is applied at the
vertical input (Y-input), a part of it is used to
trigger the sawtooth so that it can restart. As
in the vertical path lesser number of circuit
blocks are there thus a calculated amount of
delay is introduced by the delay line so that
both vertical and horizontal signal should
reach at time t = 0 in the deflection plates.
Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
Tech
lectrow gun