2022 ABOUT DNA Y

ABOUT
DNA-1860
Gregor Mendel Pea Plants
Experiment on inheritance of
characteristics.a
INTRODUCTION

2022
In the 1860s, significant developments in
the field of biology occurred, notably with

ABOUT DNA DAY

Gregor Mendel's groundbreaking work on
pea plants, which laid the foundation for
the principles of inheritance. However, the
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) model, as we
understand it today, was not developed
until the 20th century. The famous DNA
double helix model proposed by James
Watson and Francis Crick emerged in
1953, building upon X-ray diffraction data
obtained by Rosalind Franklin and
Maurice Wilkins.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TRAIN
GREGOR MENDEL
01 Life Biography and his work. 02 INHERITANCE
Peas Experimental Models

Question & Answers

03 Learner Book Page #268
Research Question
 01

2024
GREGOR
MENDEL
Life Biography and his
model.
 Gregor Mendel, not Gregor Mendel, was a

2022
farmer and Austrian scientist known as the
"father of modern genetics." Intrigued by the

ABOUT DNA DAY

variations in traits among siblings, Mendel
GREGOR conducted experiments on pea plants in the
19th century. Through meticulous breeding and

MENDEL observation, he discovered principles such as

dominant and recessive traits, segregation,
and independent assortment. Mendel's
groundbreaking work laid the foundation for the
understanding of inheritance and genetics.
 2022
02

ABOUT DNA DAY

INHERITANCE
TRAITS
PEAS EXPERIMENT
 Gregor Mendel conducted experiments with

2024
22 different varieties of peas, focusing on
seven traits, including pea texture (smooth or

ABOUT DNA 1860

wrinkled). When he crossbred smooth and
PEAS wrinkled peas, the first generation (hybrids)
all exhibited the smooth texture. However, in
EXPERIMENT the subsequent generation, a quarter of the
peas reverted to being wrinkled. Mendel's
findings suggested a systematic pattern of
inheritance involving dominant and recessive
traits.
 PEAS EXPERIMENT
Mendel proposed that pea traits were not blending, but
rather, each hybrid pea inherited both "wrinkled" and
"smooth" traits, with only the "smooth" trait being visible in
the first generation. In the subsequent generation, traits were
passed down, and a quarter of the peas inherited two
"wrinkled" traits, resulting in a wrinkled appearance.
Mendel's discovery revealed the concepts of "dominant" and
"recessive" traits, where certain traits dominate over others
in inheritance patterns.
 2022
"In the 1860s, Gregor

ABOUT DNA D
Mendel conducted
pioneering pea
experiments, unraveling
the secrets of heredity
and laying the foundation
for modern genetics."

—FRANCIS CRICK
 DNA STRUCTURE

MERCURY 1 4 JUPITER
It’s the closest 4 It’s the biggest
1
planet to the Sun planet of them all
2
VENUS 2 5 SATURN
Venus has a 5 It’s a gas giant
beautiful name and has rings

MARS 3 6 NEPTUNE
Mars is actually a 3 6
Neptune is very
very cold place far from the Sun
 2022
03

ABOUT DNA
QUESTION &
ANSWERS
Learner Book Page #268
Research Question
 Where did the people who made the discovery
work? How did they make their discoveries?

Mendel found solace in the monastery's botanical garden, dedicating

numerous hours each day to cultivating fuchsias and pea plants. Initially, he
did not embark on conducting the inaugural well-controlled and
brilliantly-designed genetics experiments. His primary aim was to produce
hybrid pea plants and observe their characteristics. However, these initial
observations prompted additional experiments, leading to remarkably
insightful conclusions. Through the meticulous counting of peas and
diligent note-taking, Mendel laid the groundwork for the principles of
inheritance, introduced the terms dominant and recessive, and pioneered
the use of statistical methods to analyze and predict hereditary information.
 Did the Mendel, a solitary monk operating in
scientist work a scientifically secluded environment,
found his work overlooked due to its
on his own, or limited dissemination, compounded
with others? by his lack of self-promotion.
 How did the discoveries
made earlier help scientists
to make their discoveries?
No evidence suggests that Mendel drew inspiration from
another scientist or incorporated their discoveries into his
own work. Nevertheless, in his seminal 1866 paper,
"Experiments on plant hybrids," it is likely that Mendel
consulted Darwin's Origin of Species while composing the
manuscript. A recent translation of Mendel's paper provides
compelling evidence of Darwin's impact on his work.
How did the scientists share their
discoveries with other scientists? Did this
happen quickly, or did it take a long time?
Botanists in Mendel's era were unaccustomed to the application
of statistics in natural history, hindering their recognition of the
significance of Mendel's discovery. Additionally, when Mendel
attempted to replicate his results with hawkweed, he
encountered failure due to the genetic differences in hawkweed.
It took 15 years after his death for his work to receive the
recognition it deserved. MENDEL is now called “FATHER OF THE
GENETICS”.
THANKS
DO YOU HAVE ANY
QUESTIONS? Ali Arsh Vasaya
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