Lesson 23

gravity and friction:

keeping things in order
GRAVITY

INERTIA VELOCITY
An object free to
move will move once It is an object's resistance
to changing its motion.
The speed and direction
of an object in motion.
acted upon by force.

ACCELERATION

The change in an
object's velocity.
GRAVITY
"Everything in the universe,
whether big or small, exerts
gravity on other things."
Sir Isaac Newton
ISAAC NEWTON'S IDEAS
Apart from gravity, Newton also When for
balanced, t
ces are
he object w
explained how the balance of forces affect remain in
its state of
ill
motion (ei
ther at res
an object's movement. in constan
t motion)
t or

t h e f o r c e s
But when , t h e
n c e d
are unbala s p e ed
i t h e r
object will e n , o r
o w d o w
up, sl o n .
s d i r e c t i
change it
 But what about other
factors, such as friction
and air resistance?

He further developed his

ideas into what we know now
as LAWS OF MOTION
EXPERIMENT BREAK
Together with a seatmate, find different
ways of moving your chairs in different
directions without standing up.

Wha
p e n s obser t do you
a t h ap ve wh
Wh e chair is push
each
en yo
u
e n t h the sa other at
wh b y t he
u s h e d ? me ti
p s o n me?
e r p er
oth
NEWTON'S FIRST LAW OF MOTION

1.
The Law of Inertia
Objects in motion will stay in motion, and objects at rest
will stay at rest—unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
 1.
The Law of Inertia
The golf ball will remain on the
ground until the golfer hits it.
NEWTON'S SECOND LAW OF MOTION

2.
The Law of Acceleration
states that the acceleration of an object with constant mass
is proportional to the net force action on it and is in the
same direction of the net force
 2.
The Law of
Acceleration
The car accelerates forward since the
force due to its engine is greater than
the friction on the road.
NEWTON'S THIRD LAW OF MOTION

3.
The Law of Action and Reaction
Every action force has a reaction force that is equal in size
and opposite in direction.
 3.
The Law of Action
and Reaction
On a rocket launch, the shuttle
exerts a downward force, and the
reaction force of the same size
pushes it upward.
IT'S A WRAP!
The motion
of an
Force and motion are related object depen
ds on
the balance o
f
because motion is a result of force. forces acting
on it.

ti o n ar e:
w s o f M o
to n's L a
New
of I ne rt ia
h e L aw
1. T tio n
A c ce le r a
aw of
2. The L d R e action
A c ti on an
L aw of
3. The
 Reference
Anthony, Elizabeth, et al. “What Are Newton's Laws?” OER Commons,
University of California Davis, 2013,
https://www.oercommons.org/courses/what-are-newton-s-laws/view.
Resource 1. 2. 3.

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 Sir Isaac Newton

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