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    3082 203 1

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    3082-203-1

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    3082 203 1

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    of 12
    3082/203 3084/203 STRUCTURES (INCLUDING HIGHWAY ENGINEERING) June/July 2023 Time: 3 hours THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL HIGHER DIPLOMA IN CONSTRUCTION (BUILDING AND CIVIL ENGINEERING OPTION) (HIGHER DIPLOMA IN WATER ENGINEERING) STRUCTURES (INCLUDING HIGHWAY ENGINEERING) 3 hours INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES You should have the following for this examination: Answer booklet, ‘cientific calculator; Copy of CP1I4; Copy of BS 449. This paper consists of EIGHT questions in TWO sections A and B. Answer FIVE questions choosing FOUR questions from section A and ONE question from section B. All questions carry equal marks. Maximum marks for each part of a question are as indicated. Candidates should answer the questions in English. This paper consists of 12 printed pages. Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing. © 2023 The Kenya National Examinations Council ‘Turn over SECTION A: STRUCTURES Answer any ONE question from this section. ae (a) State four merits of prestressed concrete. (4 marks) (b) A simply supported prestressed concrete beam of rectangular secion 400 x 600mm is, loaded with a uniformly distributed load of 250KN over a span of 6m as shown in figure 1. Sketch the distribution of stresses at mid-span and end sections if the prestress force is 1880KN and the tension is: (i) concentric; (ii) eccentric, loaded at 200mm above bottom fibre. (16 marks) 400mm (@) Elevation of loaded beam (b) Beam section Fig. 2. Afioor slab in an office building is of internal dimensions 6.0 m x 7.0 m and of right angled corners. It is simply supported at the edges with no provision to resist torsion at the corners or to hold the corners down on 250 mm thick masonry walls. Design and detail the slab given the following data: Imposed load = 2.5 kNim? Dead load due to finishe: 1.25 kNim? Unit weight of concrete 24 kNim> P., = 7Nimm* P,, = 230 N/mm? (20 marks) 3082/203 2 3084/203 June July 2023 3. (@ A short reinforced conerete column is to support an axial load of 600 KN. Design and detail the section given the following information. Pse = 175 N/mm? Pee = 5.3 Nimm* Percentage steel = 1.5% (6 marks) (>) Design and detail a square base to support the column in 3(a) using the following information. P,, = 7Nimm? P,, = 230 Nimm? m = 15 Permissible shear stress = 0.7 Nimm? Permissible punching stress = 1.4 Nimm? Soil bearing capacity = 350 kN/m? (14 marks) A. Arectangular reinforced concrete beam is simply supported over a span of effective length 6 m. Design and detail the elevation and section of the beam given the following data. Loading inclusive of self weight = 30 kN/m Effective span = 6m Breadth of beam = 250 mm Concrete mix 4 Reinforcement: High yield (20 marks) 5. Figure 2 shows a loaded stanchion of 305 x 305 x 118 kg/m Universal Column (UC). Check its adequacy when cased in accordance to BS 449 if the column has an actual length of 4.5 m and is fixed at one end and pinned at the other. Take P,. = 165 Nimm? (20 marks) 3082/203 ‘Turn over 3084/203 Juneh uly 2023 6. Figure3 shows an arrangement of formwork to support 125 mm thick reinforced concrete slab. Design a typical support joist in SC3 class spanning 2.5m at 450 mm centres. Use the following information: - Unit weight of reinforced concrete = 24 KN/m* - self weight of timber sheeting = 0.1 Kim? - load due to self weight of joists = 0.12 Knim? - imposed load due to construction work=1.5 Kw/m* Stresses and moduli - bending parallel to grain, Y, g, par=24KNim? - shear stress parallel to grain, Y = 0.603 Nimm* - mean modulus of elasticity, "mean = 7040 Jmm* Modification factors: Wet exposure geometrical factor, K1 For cross-sectional area: 1.04 For sectional modulus 1.06 For second moment of area 1.08 Load duration factor K3 for 1 week = 1.4 Load sharing factor Ks = 1.1 Depth sharing K7 as applicable to size Maximum depth to breadth ratio = 5 (20 marks) 3082/203 4 3084/203, June/July 2023 rops E 3 i a 5 3 é c Proprietary stel props 2.5m 2.5m ‘SECTION : Fig.3 3082/203, 5 ‘Turn over 3084/203 : umetduly 2023 SECTION B: HIGHWAY ENGINEERING Answer ONE question from this section.

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