PREPARED BY:

INST. ERICK A, GEMPESAO, MMISM, RCrim, CST, CSP, CSI

COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE
EDUCATION
G/F Criminology Academic Building
VSU Tolosa, Tanghas, Tolosa, Leyte
Contact No. 09176307511
Email: tolosa.doc@vsu.edu.ph

CRIMINOLOGY
Mock Board Examination

Instruction: Choose the best, nearest and correct answer. B. social, economic, and environmental factors.
C. swift and severe punishment.
1. The positivist school of criminology is based on the belief D. mental and psychological factors.
that ____________
A. criminal behavior is a result of free will and rational 6. According to the classical school, the best way to deter
choice. criminal behavior is through _______________
B. criminal behavior is caused by social, economic, and A. free will and rational choice.
environmental factors. B. social, economic, and environmental factors.
C. criminal behavior can be deterred through swift and C. swift and severe punishment.
severe punishment. D. physical and biological factors.
D. criminal behavior is a result of physical and biological
factors. 7. The positivist school of criminology argues that criminal
behavior is ________________
2. The Italian school of criminology is based on the belief A. rational and intentional.
that _______________ B. caused by social factors.
A. criminal behavior is a result of free will and rational C. deterrable through punishment.
choice. D. biologically determined.
B. criminal behavior is caused by social, economic, and
environmental factors. 10. According to the classical school, punishment should be
C. criminal behavior can be deterred through swift and ______________
severe punishment. A. Swift and severe.
D. criminal behavior is a result of mental and psychological B. Focused on rehabilitation.
factors. C. Tailored to fit the crime.
D. Determined by the victim.
3. The classical school of criminology is based on the belief
that ______________ 11. John committed a crime and was arrested by the police.
A. criminal behavior is a result of free will and rational He was found to be suffering from a mental illness.
choice. According to which school of thought in criminology, John's
B. criminal behavior is caused by social, economic, and mental condition should be considered while determining
environmental factors. his punishment?
C. criminal behavior can be deterred through swift and
severe punishment. a) Classical school
D. criminal behavior is a result of physical and biological b) Neo-classical school
factors. c) Positivist school
d) None of the above
4. According to the positivist school, criminal behavior is
caused by ________________ 12. Sarah is a 16-year-old girl who stole a purse from a
A. free will and rational choice. shop. According to which school of thought in criminology,
B. social, economic, and environmental factors. her age should be taken into consideration while
C. swift and severe punishment. determining her punishment?
D. physical and biological factors. a) Classical school
b) Neo-classical school
5. The Italian school of criminology emphasizes the c) Positivist school
importance of _______________ d) None of the above
A. free will and rational choice.

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13. David committed a crime and was sentenced to life 20. In the Philippines, what government agency is
imprisonment. According to which school of thought in responsible for administering the licensure exam for
criminology, the punishment should be proportionate to criminologists?
the crime committed? a) Professional Regulation Commission (PRC)
a) Classical school b) Commission on Higher Education (CHED)
b) Neo-classical school c) Department of Education (DepEd)
c) Positivist school d) Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)
d) None of the above
21. What are the common career paths for criminologists in
14. Mark committed a crime and was sentenced to prison the Philippines?
for 10 years. However, he was allowed to work outside the a) Law enforcement, academia, research, private security
prison during the day. According to which school of thought b) Law enforcement, medicine, journalism, private
in criminology, this type of punishment is appropriate? investigation
a) Classical school c) Law enforcement, acting, modeling, sales
b) Neo-classical school d) Law enforcement, culinary arts, fashion design, graphic
c) Positivist school design
d) None of the above
22. In which country is it common for criminologists to
15. Melissa is a drug addict who committed a crime while work in private investigation and security consulting?
under the influence of drugs. According to which school of a) Japan
thought in criminology, her drug addiction should be b) United States
considered while determining her punishment? c) Australia
d) Germany
a) Classical school
b) Neo-classical school 23. Which country has the highest demand for
c) Positivist school criminologists in the field of corrections?
d) None of the above a) Canada
b) United Kingdom
16. In the Philippines, what is the minimum educational c) Australia
requirement to become a licensed criminologist? d) United States
a) High School Diploma
b) Bachelor's Degree in Criminology 24. In which country is it common for criminologists to
c) Master's Degree in Criminology work in the field of victim advocacy?
d) Doctoral Degree in Criminology a) Canada
b) United States
17. In the United States, what is the minimum educational c) Australia
requirement to become a licensed criminologist? d) United Kingdom
a) High School Diploma
b) Associate's Degree in Criminal Justice 25. Which of the following is NOT a common career path
c) Bachelor's Degree in Criminal Justice or Criminology for criminologists in the Philippines?
d) Master's Degree in Criminal Justice or Criminology a) Law enforcement
b) Academia
18. What is the usual career path for a licensed c) Research
criminologist in the Philippines? d) Film industry
a) Police Officer
b) Lawyer 26. Jennifer is a criminology graduate from the Philippines
c) Forensic Scientist who is interested in working abroad. She wants to apply as
d) All of the above a probation officer in the United States. What should she
do first?
19. What is the usual career path for a licensed A. Take a certification exam for probation officers in the
criminologist in the United States? Philippines.
a) Police Officer B. Apply directly to the probation office in the United
b) Lawyer States.
c) Researcher C. Verify her Philippine degree and credentials with a
d) All of the above credential evaluation service in the United States.
D. Take additional courses in criminology to meet US
requirements.

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33. According to the classical school of criminology, what is

27. Manuel is a fresh criminology graduate who wants to the best way to deter crime?
pursue a career in law enforcement. He wants to become a A. Harsh punishment
police officer in the Philippines. What is the minimum B. Rehabilitation programs
requirement to be eligible for the Philippine National Police C. Community service
(PNP) entrance exam? D. Early intervention
A. A bachelor's degree in criminology.
B. A high school diploma. 34. The positivist school of criminology suggests that
C. A master's degree in criminology. criminal behavior is influenced by _____________.
D. An associate's degree in law enforcement. A. free will and rational choice
B. genetic and biological factors
28. Maria is a criminology graduate from the Philippines C. social environment and upbringing
who wants to work as a criminal investigator in the United D. moral character and values
Kingdom. What is the required degree for criminal
investigators in the UK? 35. A man was arrested for committing a series of violent
A. Bachelor's degree in criminology. crimes. According to the biological theory of crime
B. Bachelor's degree in any field. causation, what could have contributed to his criminal
C. Master's degree in criminology. behavior?
D. Associate's degree in law enforcement. a) A lack of moral values.
b) A difficult childhood.
29. Miguel is a criminology graduate from the Philippines c) A genetic predisposition to aggression.
who wants to pursue a career in academia. What is the d) Exposure to deviant peer groups.
minimum educational requirement to become a college
professor in criminology in the Philippines? 36. A woman is convicted of embezzlement. According to
A. A master's degree in criminology. the psychological theory of crime causation, what could
B. A bachelor's degree in criminology. have contributed to her criminal behavior?
C. A doctoral degree in criminology. a) A low IQ.
D. An associate's degree in law enforcement. b) A lack of self-control.
c) A traumatic childhood experience.
30. Juan is a criminology graduate from the Philippines who d) A family history of crime.
wants to work as a probation officer in Australia. What is
the minimum educational requirement to be a probation 37. A man is arrested for drug possession. According to the
officer in Australia? psychological theory of crime causation, what could have
A. A master's degree in criminology. contributed to his criminal behavior?
B. A high school diploma. a) A lack of education.
C. A bachelor's degree in criminology. b) An unstable family environment.
D. An associate's degree in law enforcement. c) A psychological disorder.
d) A lack of moral values.
31. John has a history of aggression and has been
diagnosed with a personality disorder. Which theory of 38. A teenager is arrested for vandalism. According to the
crime causation is most likely to explain his criminal biological theory of crime causation, what could have
behavior? contributed to his criminal behavior?
A. Biological theory a) Exposure to deviant peer groups.
B. Psychological theory b) A low IQ.
C. Sociological theory c) A lack of parental supervision.
D. Environmental theory d) A brain injury.

32. A study found that individuals with low levels of 39. A man is convicted of assault. According to the
serotonin are more likely to engage in impulsive and psychological theory of crime causation, what could have
aggressive behavior. Which theory of crime causation does contributed to his criminal behavior?
this support? a) A family history of crime.
A. Biological theory b) A desire for financial gain.
B. Psychological theory c) A lack of empathy.
C. Sociological theory d) A lack of education.
D. Environmental theory
40. 1. According to the strain theory, which of the following
scenarios may lead to criminal behavior?

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PREPARED BY:
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A. A wealthy businessman who is content with his life and
job.
B. A college student who is struggling to make ends meet
and cannot afford tuition fees.
C. A teenager who is active in sports and has supportive
parents.
D. A retiree who is living comfortably and enjoying their
retirement.
41. In the social disorganization theory, which of the
following factors may contribute to a high crime rate in a
particular neighborhood?
A. Strong community networks and social cohesion.
B. High employment rates and economic stability.
C. Poor housing conditions and inadequate public services.
D. Effective law enforcement and low levels of corruption.
42. According to the social learning theory, which of the
following scenarios may increase the likelihood of criminal
behavior?
A. A child who grows up in a supportive and nurturing
environment.
B. A teenager who has positive role models and mentors.
C. A young adult who is enrolled in a reputable university.
D. A person who associates with peers who engage in
criminal activity.
43. According to the labeling theory, which of the following
scenarios may lead to an individual becoming a "criminal"?
A. A person who commits a minor offense but is not caught
or punished.
B. A person who is caught committing a crime and receives
a light sentence.
C. A person who is caught committing a crime and receives
a heavy sentence.
D. A person who is wrongly accused of a crime but is
acquitted.
44. In the conflict theory, which of the following factors
may contribute to the prevalence of crime in society?
A. Equal distribution of resources and opportunities.
B. Lack of competition and economic stability.
C. Unequal distribution of resources and power.
D. Effective social control and strict law enforcement.
45. In the context of social disorganization theory, which
scenario exemplifies the concept of a "broken window"?
a. A community where residents frequently report
suspicious behavior to the police.
b. A neighborhood where property values are high and
crime rates are low.
c. A street where graffiti and litter are visible, and some
homes have broken windows.
d. A neighborhood where residents have formed a
neighborhood watch group.
Vision: A globally competitive university for science, technology, and environmental conservation.
Mission: Development of a highly competitive human resource, cutting-edge scientific knowledge
and innovative technologies for sustainable communities and environment.
46. According to Merton's strain theory, which scenario
best exemplifies the concept of "innovation"?
a. A student who gets a good education and goes on to
have a successful career.
b. A person who lives in poverty and commits crimes to
support themselves and their family.
c. A person who has no respect for the law and commits
crimes for personal pleasure.
d. A person who is unable to find a job and turns to drug
use and other illegal activities.
47. Which of the following scenarios best represents the
concept of relative deprivation in the context of social
conflict theory?
a. A wealthy businessman who is unhappy with his life
despite his success.
b. A person who feels left behind and disadvantaged in
comparison to their peers.
c. A community that is impacted by a natural disaster and
struggles to rebuild.
d. A person who experiences discrimination based on their
race or ethnicity.
48. Which of the following scenarios best represents the
concept of anomie in the context of strain theory?
a. A person who commits crimes for personal pleasure and
enjoyment.
b. A person who is unable to achieve their goals through
legitimate means and turns to illegal activities.
c. A community that experiences a breakdown in social
norms and values.
d. A person who experiences discrimination and inequality
in society.
49. According to social disorganization theory, which of the
following interventions is most likely to reduce crime rates
in a high-crime neighborhood?
a. Providing individual counseling to known offenders.
b. Implementing stricter punishment for criminals.
c. Increasing police presence and surveillance in the area.
d. Investing in community development and social
programs.
50. According to social control theory, which of the
following factors is likely to prevent individuals from
engaging in criminal behavior?
a. Strong family bonds and parental supervision.
b. Exposure to violent media and video games.
c. Low educational attainment and limited job
opportunities.
d. Economic inequalities and poverty in the community.
51. Which of the following scenarios best represents the
concept of "labeling theory"?
a. A person from a disadvantaged background successfully
breaking free from the cycle of crime and poverty.
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INST. ERICK A, GEMPESAO, MMISM, RCrim, CST, CSP, CSI

b. A teenager being labeled as a troublemaker by their

teachers and subsequently engaging in delinquent
behavior.
c. A neighborhood experiencing a decline in crime rates
after the implementation of community policing initiatives.
d. A person committing a crime due to financial desperation
and lack of legitimate employment options.
52. According to the theory of social disorganization, which
of the following factors contributes to high crime rates in a
neighborhood?
a. Strong social cohesion and a sense of community
belonging.
b. High levels of economic development and job
opportunities.
c. A stable and well-functioning educational system.
d. Rapid population turnover and residential instability.
53. A victim who experiences psychological trauma and
emotional distress following a violent assault would benefit
most from which intervention?
a. Providing financial compensation to cover medical
expenses.
b. Conducting a thorough investigation to apprehend the
offender.
c. Offering counseling and therapy services to address the
emotional impact.
d. Implementing stricter laws and penalties to prevent
future crimes.
54. In the typology of crime victims, which category would a
person fall into if they were intentionally targeted due to
their race, religion, or sexual orientation?
a. Primary victim
b. Secondary victim
c. Tertiary victim
d. Hate crime victim
55. A victim of domestic violence seeks assistance from a
shelter that provides temporary housing and support
services. This intervention falls under which type of victim
assistance?
a. Restitution
b. Compensatory services
c. Criminal justice intervention
d. Crisis intervention
56. In the context of victimology, the concept of
"revictimization" refers to:
a. The victim's involvement in illegal activities following
victimization.
b. The victim's tendency to attract further victimization due
to their vulnerability.
c. The victim's decision to confront and seek justice against
the offender.
d. The victim's experience of trauma-related symptoms
after the crime.
57. A victim impact statement is a process that allows the
victim to _______________
a. testify against the offender in court.
b. request financial compensation from the offender.
c. express the emotional, physical, and financial effects of
the crime.
d. Participate in restorative justice practices with the
offender.
58.. Maria, a 17-year-old high school student, was
physically assaulted by a group of classmates due to a
personal conflict. Which typology of crime victim does
Maria belong to?
a. Primary victim
b. Secondary victim
c. Tertiary victim
d. Repeat victim
59. John, a witness to a violent crime, experienced
psychological distress and fear after the incident. Which
type of victimization does John represent?
a. Direct victimization
b. Indirect victimization
c. Secondary victimization
d. Symbolic victimization
60. A local nonprofit organization provides legal aid and
support services to victims of human trafficking. What type
of intervention does this organization offer?
a. Restorative justice intervention
b. Crisis intervention
c. Compensatory services
d. Legal intervention
61. Victimology as a field of study focuses on:
a. Understanding the causes and motivations of criminal
behavior.
b. Examining the social and psychological impact of
victimization.
c. Developing crime prevention strategies and policies.
d. Analyzing the effectiveness of the criminal justice system.
62. An intervention that aims to restore the harm caused by
the crime and facilitate healing between the victim and the
offender is known as:
a. Crisis intervention
b. Compensatory services
c. Restorative justice intervention
d. Legal intervention
Situation: Maria, a 30-year-old woman, recently became a
victim of identity theft. Her personal information was
stolen, and the perpetrator used it to make fraudulent
transactions and open credit accounts in her name. She is
now facing financial loss and emotional distress.

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No.
PREPARED BY:
INST. ERICK A, GEMPESAO, MMISM, RCrim, CST, CSP, CSI

63. What is the typology of crime victim that Maria belongs
to in this scenario?
A. Primary victim
B. Secondary victim
C. Tertiary victim
D. Repeat victim
64. Which term refers to the act of stealing someone's
personal information and using it for fraudulent purposes?
A. Identity theft
B. Fraudulent transactions
C. Financial loss
D. Emotional distress
65. What is the primary concern for Maria as a victim of
identity theft?
A. Physical harm
B. Emotional distress
C. Property damage
D. Legal consequences
66. Which intervention can help victims of identity theft like
Maria?
A. Legal prosecution of the perpetrator.
B. Financial compensation for the losses.
C. Emotional support and counseling.
D. Security measures for future protection.
67. What is the role of victimology in understanding and
addressing the needs of victims like Maria?
A. Studying the psychological profile of victims.
B. Investigating the motives of the perpetrator.
C. Identifying risk factors for victimization.
D. Analyzing the effectiveness of legal systems.
Situation: Juan is a newly appointed government employee
who is about to assume his position in a government
agency. As part of the orientation, he is reminded of the
importance of the Oath of Office for Public Officers and
Employees, and the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards
among Government Officials and Employees (R.A. 6713).
D. To protect government officials from legal
consequences.
70. Which of the following is a key principle emphasized in
the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards (R.A. 6713)?
A. Nepotism and favoritism
B. Personal enrichment and corruption
C. Conflict of interest and disclosure
D. Abuse of power and authority.\
71. What is the consequence of violating the provisions of
the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards (R.A. 6713)?
A. Termination of employment
B. Reduction in salary
C. Suspension from duties
D. Legal penalties and sanctions
72. Why is it important for government officials and
employees to adhere to the Oath of Office and Code of
Conduct and Ethical Standards?
A. To maintain public trust and confidence in government.
B. To exercise unlimited power and authority.
C. To avoid job-related stress and conflicts.
D. To receive promotions and career advancements.
Situation: Maria, a newly appointed government official, is
preparing to take her Oath of Office and familiarize herself
with the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards among
Government Officials and Employees (R.A. 6713). Let's test
your knowledge about these topics with the following
situational multiple-choice questions.
73. Maria has been appointed as a government official and
is about to take her Oath of Office. Which statement
accurately describes the purpose of the Oath of Office?
A. It declares personal achievements and qualifications.
B. It guarantees job security for government officials.
C. It affirms loyalty to the government and commitment to
public service.
D. It outlines the privileges and benefits of government
officials.

68. What is the purpose of the Oath of Office for Public 74. While reviewing the Code of Conduct and Ethical
Officers and Employees? Standards (R.A. 6713), Maria comes across a provision
A. To affirm loyalty to the government. regarding conflict of interest. What does this provision
B. To declare personal achievements. require government officials to do?
C. To guarantee job security. A. Disclose any potential conflict of interest and abstain
D. To express religious beliefs. from participating in related matters.
B. Engage in activities that may benefit them personally or
69. What is the main objective of the Code of Conduct and financially.
Ethical Standards among Government Officials and C. Promote nepotism and favoritism in the workplace.
Employees (R.A. 6713)? D. Use their position for personal gain or to benefit their
A. To promote transparency and accountability in public friends and relatives.
service.
B. To ensure personal gain and benefits for government 75. One of Maria's colleagues is found to have violated the
officials. Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards by accepting a
C. To restrict freedom of speech and expression.

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PREPARED BY:
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bribe. What consequences can the colleague face for this
violation?
A. Termination of employment.
B. A warning letter and a reduction in salary.
C. Suspension from duties for a specified period.
D. Legal penalties and sanctions, such as imprisonment or
fines.
76. Maria is invited to attend a conference overseas, and a
private company offers to cover all her expenses. According
to the Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards, how should
Maria handle this situation?
A. Accept the offer since it will enhance her professional
development.
B. Politely decline the offer to avoid any potential conflict of
interest.
C. Accept the offer and report it to her superior afterwards.
D. Consult with her colleagues and make a joint decision.
77. Why are the Oath of Office and the Code of Conduct
and Ethical Standards important for government officials
and employees?
A. They establish a code of behavior that promotes
integrity, transparency, and accountability.
B. They grant unlimited power and authority to government
officials.
C. They provide job security and career advancement
opportunities.
D. They outline the rights and privileges of government
officials.
Situation: John, a 16-year-old minor, is accused of
committing a crime. Let's test your knowledge about the
R.A. 9344 (Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006) as
amended, as well as other relevant laws and UN
declarations related to the rights and protection of minors,
with the following situational multiple-choice questions.
78. John, a 16-year-old minor, is accused of committing a
crime. Which law governs the rights and welfare of John as
a minor offender?
A. R.A. 9344 (Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006) as
amended.
B. R.A. 9165 (Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of
2002).
C. R.A. 8353 (Anti-Rape Law of 1997).
D. R.A. 7610 (Special Protection of Children Against Abuse,
Exploitation and Discrimination Act).
79. According to R.A. 9344 as amended, which of the
following principles should guide the handling of cases
involving minor offenders?
A. Best interest of the child, restorative justice, and
proportionality.
B. Strict punishment and deterrent measures.
C. Exclusionary rule and retributive justice.
D. Mandatory life imprisonment and rehabilitation.
Vision: A globally competitive university for science, technology, and environmental conservation.
Mission: Development of a highly competitive human resource, cutting-edge scientific knowledge
and innovative technologies for sustainable communities and environment.
80. Which UN declaration promotes and protects the rights
of children, including their right to survival, development,
protection, and participation?
A. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
B. Convention on the Rights of the Child
C. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
D. Declaration of the Rights of the Child
Situation: In a juvenile detention facility, a minor offender
named Mark is undergoing rehabilitation. Let's test your
knowledge about R.A. 9344 (Juvenile Justice and Welfare
Act of 2006) as amended, as well as other relevant laws and
UN declarations related to the rights and protection of
minors, with the following scenario-based multiple-choice
questions.
81. Mark, a 14-year-old minor, committed a crime.
According to R.A. 9344 as amended, which entity has the
primary responsibility for the rehabilitation and
reintegration of minor offenders?
A. Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD).
B. Department of Justice (DOJ)
C. Department of Education (DepEd)
D. Department of Health (DOH).
82. While in detention, Mark's rights should be protected
and respected. Which provision under R.A. 9344 as
amended ensures that Mark is treated with dignity and
humanity?
A. Right to due process
B. Right to legal representation
C. Right to confidentiality
D. Right to visitation
83. Mark's case is brought to the attention of the Barangay
Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC). What is the
role of the BCPC according to R.A. 9344 as amended?
A. To provide financial support for Mark's rehabilitation.
B. To conduct a formal investigation into Mark's case.
C. To facilitate the diversion of Mark's case from the formal
court process.
D. To impose punitive measures on Mark.
84. According to R.A. 9344 as amended, who is authorized
to impose disciplinary measures on minor offenders within
the detention facility?
A. Detention facility staff
B. Local government officials
C. Parents or legal guardians
D. BCPC representatives
85. Which UN declaration emphasizes the importance of
promoting the rights and well-being of children, including
their right to protection from violence and exploitation?
A. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
B. Convention on the Rights of the Child
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C. International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural

Rights
D. Declaration of the Rights of the Child.
Situation: John and Sarah are involved in a business dispute
regarding a contract. Let's test your knowledge about the
principles of negotiation, arbitration, mediation, and
conciliation, as well as court-annexed mediation, judicial
mediation, and litigation as modes of dispute resolution,
with the following scenario-based multiple-choice
questions.
86. John and Sarah have decided to meet and discuss their
dispute with the assistance of a neutral third party who
facilitates the conversation and helps them reach a
mutually acceptable solution. Which mode of dispute
resolution are they utilizing?
A. Negotiation
B. Arbitration
C. Mediation
D. Conciliation
87. John and Sarah have reached an impasse in their
negotiations and have decided to submit their dispute to a
neutral third party who will make a binding decision. Which
mode of dispute resolution are they utilizing?
A. Negotiation
B. Arbitration
C. Mediation
D. Conciliation
88. In their business contract, John and Sarah included a
clause that states any disputes arising from the contract will
be resolved through the court system. Which mode of
dispute resolution does this clause refer to?
A. Negotiation
B. Arbitration
C. Mediation
D. Litigation
89. The court has referred John and Sarah to a trained
mediator who will assist them in reaching a settlement
before the case proceeds to trial. Which mode of dispute
resolution is being utilized by the court?
A. Negotiation
B. Arbitration
C. Mediation
D. Conciliation
90. The judge handling John and Sarah's case suggests that
they participate in a mediation session to explore the
possibility of settling their dispute. Which mode of dispute
resolution is the judge encouraging?
A. Negotiation
B. Arbitration
C. Mediation
D. Conciliation
Situation: Dr. Hernandez is conducting a criminological
research study to investigate the factors influencing
juvenile delinquency rates in a specific community. Let's
test your knowledge about criminological research design,
research framework, statement of the problem, hypothesis,
literature review, research designs, data gathering tools,
sampling techniques, and statistical tools with the following
scenario-based multiple-choice questions.
91. Dr. Hernandez aims to explore the relationship between
family structure and juvenile delinquency. Which section of
his research study will provide an overview of the
theoretical framework guiding his research?
A. Criminological research design
B. Research framework
C. Statement of the problem
D. Hypothesis
92. Dr. Hernandez formulates a research question: "How
does family structure influence juvenile delinquency rates
in the community?" Which section of his research study will
present this research question?
A. Criminological research design
B. Research framework
C. Statement of the problem
D. Hypothesis
93. Dr. Hernandez proposes a hypothesis: "Juveniles from
single-parent households are more likely to engage in
delinquent behavior compared to those from two-parent
households." Which section of his research study will
contain this hypothesis?
A. Criminological research design
B. Research framework
C. Statement of the problem
D. Hypothesis
94. Dr. Hernandez conducts a comprehensive review of
existing studies on the relationship between family
structure and juvenile delinquency. Which section of his
research study will discuss these literature and related
studies?
A. Criminological research design
B. Research framework
C. Literature review
D. Hypothesis
95. To gather data for his study, Dr. Hernandez plans to
administer a questionnaire to juvenile participants. Which
section of his research study will describe the instrument or
data gathering tool he will use?
A. Criminological research design
B. Research framework
C. Literature review
D. Instrument or data gathering tools

Page 8 of 9
Vision: A globally competitive university for science, technology, and environmental conservation.
TP-IMD-09
Mission: Development of a highly competitive human resource, cutting-edge scientific knowledge V02 11-14-2022
and innovative technologies for sustainable communities and environment.
No.
PREPARED BY:
INST. ERICK A, GEMPESAO, MMISM, RCrim, CST, CSP, CSI

96. Dr. Hernandez wants to ensure that his sample

represents the diversity of the community's juvenile
population. Which technique should he use to select
participants for his study?
A. Random sampling. Authored by:
B. Convenience sampling Inst. Erick A. Gempesao, MMISM, RCrim, CST, CSP, CSI
C. Stratified sampling. Review Coordinator
D. Purposive sampling Chairperson, College Review Committee

97. Dr. Hernandez collects data from 500 participants and

wants to analyze the relationship between family structure
and juvenile delinquency using statistical techniques. Which
section of his research study will discuss the statistical tools
he will use?
A. Criminological research design
B. Sampling techniques
C. Applicable statistical tools
D. Literature review

Situation: Dr. Anderson is conducting a criminological

research study to investigate the factors contributing to the
occurrence of cyberbullying among adolescents. Let's test
your knowledge about criminological research design,
research framework, statement of the problem, hypothesis,
literature review, research designs, data gathering tools,
sampling techniques, and statistical tools with the following
scenario-based multiple-choice questions.

98. Dr. Anderson aims to explore the relationship between

online social media usage and cyberbullying incidents
among adolescents. Which section of his research study will
provide an overview of the theoretical foundation guiding
his research?
A. Criminological research design
B. Research framework
C. Statement of the problem
D. Hypothesis

99. Dr. Anderson formulates a research question: "What

are the factors contributing to the occurrence of
cyberbullying among adolescents?" Which section of his
research study will present this research question?
A. Criminological research design
B. Research framework
C. Statement of the problem
D. Hypothesis

100. Dr. Anderson proposes a hypothesis: "Higher levels of

online social media usage are positively correlated with
increased instances of cyberbullying among adolescents."
Which section of his research study will contain this
hypothesis?
A. Criminological research design
B. Research framework
C. Statement of the problem
D. Hypothesis

Page 9 of 9
Vision: A globally competitive university for science, technology, and environmental conservation.
TP-IMD-09
Mission: Development of a highly competitive human resource, cutting-edge scientific knowledge V02 11-14-2022
and innovative technologies for sustainable communities and environment.
No.