Introduction to Emerging

Technologies
CS213 - Introduction to Emerging Technologies

Tsegamlak Molla
 • Economic Sectors
• Primary, Secondary, Tertiary,
Quaternary & Quinary

Previously • Industrial Revolutions

• IR 1.0, IR 2.0, IR 3.0 & IR 4.0

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Data

• Data can come in the form of text, observations, figures, images,

numbers, graphs, or symbols.

• Data might include individual prices, weights, addresses, ages,

names, temperatures, dates, or distances.

• Data is a raw form of knowledge and, on its own, doesn't carry

any significance or purpose.

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Data

• Data is a collection of discrete values

• Describing quantity, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of

meaning, or simply sequences of symbols that may be further
interpreted.

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Data Science

• Data science is the study of

data to extract meaningful
insights for business.

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Data Analytics

• The science of analyzing raw data to make conclusions about

that information

• Used for the discovery, interpretation, and communication of

meaningful patterns in data.

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Data Science Vs Data Analytics

• Data analysts examine large data sets to identify trends,

develop charts, and create visual presentations to help
businesses make more strategic decisions.

• Data scientists, on the other hand, design and construct new

processes for data modeling and production using prototypes,
algorithms, predictive models, and custom analysis.

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Data Science Vs Data Analytics

Lets watch a video:

• https://youtu.be/dcXqhMqhZUo?si=0T3pXJOzvtGMw8PY

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Role of Data
for Emerging
Technologies

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Role of Data for Emerging Technologies

• Data is regarded as the new oil and strategic asset

• Since we are living in the age of big data,

• Data drives or even determines the future of science,

technology, the economy, and possibly everything in our world
today and tomorrow.

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Role of Data for Emerging Technologies

• The potential of data science and analytics to enable data-

driven theory, economy, and professional development is
increasingly being recognized.

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Enabling
Devices and
Network
Programmable Devices

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Enabling Devices and Network

• Programmable devices usually refers to chips that incorporate

configurable logic circuits used in automation and control
systems.

• These include
• Field Programmable Logic Devices (FPGAs),
• Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLD)
• Programmable Logic Controller (PLC).

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Enabling Devices and Network

• These devices always have a number of ways to program them,

and may contain internal flash memory (non-volatile) to store
configuration data.

• Such programming interfaces include

• Serial and parallel connections to external non-volatile memory,
• A bus connection to a microcontroller, or JTAG connection directly to a
computer for download and debugging in development.

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Enabling Devices and Network

• A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a digital integrated

circuit or what's called a digital electronic device designed to be
configured by a customer or a designer after manufacturing –
hence the term field-programmable. It is used in a broad digital
signal processing and control applications offering extremly
high flexibility.

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Enabling Devices and Network

• Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) is also a digital electronic

device that’s programmable, but programmable with a
specialized industrial programming language. It has limited
processing, lower performance, costs cheaper compared to
FPGA.

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Enabling Devices and Network

• A Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD) is a

programmable logic device with complexity between that of
PLCs and FPGAs, and architectural features of both.

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Enabling Devices and Network

• PLCs typically have a few hundred gate equivalents at most

• FPGAs typically range from tens of thousands to several million.

• CPLDs typically have the equivalent of thousands to tens of

thousands of logic gates, allowing implementation of
moderately complicated data processing devices.

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Enabling Devices and Network

• In the world of digital electronic systems, there are four basic

kinds of devices:
• Memory,

• Microprocessors,

• Logic, and

• Networks.

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Memory Devices

• store random information such as the contents of a spreadsheet

or database.

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Microprocessors

• Execute software instructions to perform a wide variety of tasks

such as running a word processing program or video game.

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Logic Devices

• A programmable logic device is an electronic component used

to build reconfigurable digital circuits.

• Before the PLC can be used in a circuit it must be programmed

to implement the desired function.

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Logic Devices

• Provide specific functions, including

• Device-to-device interfacing,
• Data communication,
• Signal processing,
• Data display,
• Timing and control operations,
• And almost every other function a system must perform.

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Digital electronic devices

Lets watch a video:

• https://youtu.be/ePwo3P1iZO4?si=paAkehg_jOzNNgQL

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Network

• A collection of computers, servers, mainframes, network devices,

peripherals, or other devices connected to one another to allow
the sharing of data.

• An excellent example of a network is the internet, which

connects millions of people all over the world

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Human to
Machine
Interaction

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Human-Machine Interaction (HMI)

• It is all about how people and automated systems interact with

each other.

• It refers to the communication and interaction between a

human and a machine via a user interface.

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Human-Machine Interface (HMI)

• An HMI is a UI that allows a person to control a machine.

• Machines, of course, are pieces of powered equipment that

creates and apply mechanical force.

• In the manufacturing industries, machines are frequently used to

cut and form raw materials into finished products.

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Human-Machine Interface (HMI)

• The complexity of an HMI can vary.

• Some are simple, consisting of basic knobs, levers and buttons.

• Other HMIs are more complex, featuring intuitive voice- and/or

touch-controlled systems.

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Human-Computer Interface (HCI)

• Computers differ from machines in the sense that they are

designed to process and store data, whereas machines are
designed to apply mechanical force.

• Like machines, though, most computers require input from a

person to carry out their functions

• An HCI is a UI that allows a person to control a computer.

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Human-Computer Interface (HCI)

• The goal of HCI is to improve the interaction between users and

computers by making computers more user-friendly and receptive to
the user's needs.

• The main advantages of HCI are simplicity, ease of deployment &

operations and cost savings for smaller set-ups.

• They also reduce solution design time and integration complexity.

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How do users interact with
computers?

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Review

• Data Science & Data Analytics

• Role of Data

• Enabling Devices

• Human-Machine Interaction

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Questions

• List of some Programmable devices

• List of network-related equipment

• Disciplines Contributing to HMI

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Any Questions?

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Next Time
Data Science

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