Major Genres of the

21st Century Philippine

National Literature

21st Century Literature 11

Learning Objectives
✓ Identify the different major genres of Philippine literatyre
in the 21st century.
✓ Compare and contast the variou 21s century literary genres
from the earlier periods of Philippine literature.
✓ Analyze the figures of speech and other literary techniques
presented in different selections.
✓ Assess the social relevance of the theme of each literary
selection.
Major Genres of the
21st Century Philippine
National Literature

21st Century Literature 11

 01
Elements of
Poetry
SENSE
It is revealed through words, images, and symbols.
a. Diction. This refers to the denotative and
connotative meanings of the lines in poetry.
b. Images and Sense Impressions. These refer to
the choice of words used to create sensory
images which appeal to the readers’ sense.
SOUND
It refers to the creative use of words by the poets to
imitate sounds.
a. Rhythm – alternation of strong and weak elements
b. Meter – This refers to the duration, stress, or
number of syllables per line.
c. Rhyme Scheme – the formal arrangement of rhymes
in a stanza
STRUCTURE
It refers to the arrangement of words and lines to fit
together and the organization of the parts from the
whole.
a. Word Order – natural order of words
b. Punctuation – Use of punctuation marks to indicate
emotions
c. Shape – choice of contextual and visual design
STRUCTURE
It refers to the arrangement of words and lines to fit
together and the organization of the parts from the
whole.
d. Tone – it refers to the poet’s or speaker’s attitude
toward the subject, toward the reader, or toward himself.
e. Voice – It refers to the speaking persona in poetry
where specific characters are not indicated as the
speaker.
 02
Classes of
Poetry
LYRIC POETRY
This is a kind of poetry which expresses emotions, mood
and reflection of the musical language of the poet. It is
characterized subjectivity and the powerful use of
imagination in which all lyrics are melodious.
a. Ode
b. Elegy
c. Song
NARRATIVE POETRY
This is a long descriptive poem that narrates a story in a
sequential order about life and events that may be real
or imaginary.
a. Epic – stories and quests of a supernatural hero
b. Ballad – the verses suggest significant events meant to
be sung
A Tree
Jose Corazon de Jesus

page. 64-65
What is the general tone or mood of the
poem? Is it explicitly stated or implied?
Which line supports this?
Cite the lines that signal a turning point in
the tone and meaning of the poem. How
was it signifant in the development of the
poem?
 Describe the regular rhythmic pattern of the
poem. Take note of the number of syllables per
line and the prevailing occurrence of accented
syllables. Does the pattern contribute to the
mood of the poem? Why?
 03
Types of
Fiction
 Chick Lit
It addresses the issues of modern womanhood.

Flash FIction
It is a style of fictional literature of extreme
brevity.

Speculative
Umbrella term of fantastical fiction such as sci-fi,
utopia, dystopia, apocalyptic, etc.
 Novel
This is a lengthy narrative story seperated into
series of chapters.

Short Story
This is a short narrative story which focuses on a
single plot characterized by elements.
 04
Elements of a
Short Story
Elements of a Short Story
01 03
SETTING CHARACTERS

02 04
PLOT CONFLICT
Elements of a Short Story
05 06
POINT OF MOOD
VIEW

07 08
THEME SYMBOLS
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