MENSURATION OF PLANE

FIGURES

Prepared by Engr. Liza Olvido

DEFINITION

 SolidMensuration is a branch of mathematics that

studies the measurement of geometric figures and their
parameters like shapes, dimensions, areas of surfaces,
and volumes.

A plane is a surface such that a straight line joining any

two points in it lies wholly in the surface.
Denoting a Plane

Since a plane is unlimited in extent, only a portion is usually represented as a

parallelogram and denoted by a single capital letter, by two such letters at
opposite vertices, or by the vertices of the plane. Fig. 1.1 shows planes 𝑴, 𝑹𝑺,
and 𝑨𝑩𝑪𝑫.
Polygon
 A polygon is any closed figure bounded by line segments called the sides of the polygon.
 A regular polygon is a polygon having equal sides and equal angles.
 A circumscribed regular polygon is a polygon having each side tangent to a given circle.
 An inscribed regular polygon has vertices on the circumference of a circle.
NOTE: Circumscribed and inscribed figures are not confined to regular polygons
and circles. In general, we can circumscribe/inscribe any figure about/in another figure.

A circumscribed plane is the smallest plane possible that can be placed

outside another plane. An inscribed plane is the largest possible plane that
can be placed inside another plane.
A quadrilateral is a four-sided polygon.

There are many shapes of a quadrilateral.

The four steps in problem-solving are:

 GIVEN
 REQUIRED
 SOLUTION
 FINAL ANSWER

Note: The working formula may also be included, which comes before
the solution. Or, the solution part may start with the working formula.
Illustrative Example 1
Find the area of the shaded region as shown in Fig. 1 if plane
𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is a unit square.
Given:
Required: 𝐀

Solution: Let 𝐀 be the area of the shaded region

which is a right trapezoid. Refer to Fig. 2.
Working Formula:

1
𝐀= 𝑎+𝑏 ℎ
2

Using the Pythagorean Theorem to solve for 𝑎, we get

2
2
1
𝑎 = + 1−𝑎 2
2
1
𝑎 = + 1 − 2𝑎 + 𝑎2
2
4
5
2𝑎 =
4
5
𝑎 = 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠
8
Substituting the values to the formula:

1
𝐀= 𝑎+𝑏 ℎ
2
we get
1 5 1 1 5+8
𝐀= +1 =
2 8 2 4 8

Final Answer:

𝟏𝟑
𝐀= ≅ 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎𝟔 𝒔𝒒. 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒔
𝟑𝟐
Illustrative Example 2
Find the area of the shaded region inscribed in a unit square
as shown. The shaded region is constructed out of four
semicircles.
Given: 𝑎 = 1 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
Required: Area of the shaded region, 𝐴 𝑇
Working Formula: 𝐴 𝑇 = 8𝐴1
Solution: The square is 1 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 on an edge. The shaded portion
is composed of 8 congruent circular segments as shown.
By the Pythagorean Theorem,
2 2
2
1 1 1 1
2𝑟 = + = +
2 2 4 4
2
1 2
1
4𝑟 = 𝑟 =
2 8
𝜋𝑟 2 1 2
𝜋 1
𝐴1 = 𝐴𝑞 − 𝐴∆ = − 𝑟 𝑟 =𝑟 −
4 2 4 2
1 𝜋 1
𝐴 𝑇 = 8𝐴1 = 8 −
8 4 2
𝜋 1
𝐴𝑇 = −
4 2
𝑨𝑻 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟗 𝒔𝒒. 𝒖𝒏𝒊𝒕𝒔
Illustrative Example 3
The diagonal of rectangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶𝐷 is extended to a point 𝐸 such that
𝐵𝐷 = 𝐶𝐸. Find the length of segment 𝐵𝐸 given 𝐵𝐶 = 3 𝑐𝑚 and
𝐴𝐵 = 4 𝑐𝑚.

Given: 𝐵𝐶 = 3 𝑐𝑚 and 𝐴𝐵 = 4 𝑐𝑚

Required: 𝐵𝐸
Solution:
−1
4
𝜃 = tan = 53.13°
3

∠𝐸𝐵𝐶 = 180° − 53.13° sin 𝐸 sin 1 26.87°

=
3 5
𝐵 = 126.87°
3 sin 1 26.87°
𝐸= sin−1
𝐵𝐸 5 5
= 𝐸 = 28.69°
sin 𝐶 sin 𝐵

5 sin 2 4.44° 𝐶 = 180° − 126.87° + 28.69°

𝐵𝐸 =
sin 1 26.87°
𝐶 = 24.44°
𝑩𝑬 ≅ 𝟐. 𝟓𝟗 𝒄𝒎
Announcement: Quiz 1 will be next meeting.

DATE: August 23, 2022 (Gclassroom)

TIME: 8:00 – 9:30 AM
COVERAGE: Mensuration of Plane Figures
Reminder 1: Please read Module 1 for more
extensive discussions on this topic.

Reminder 2: Submit Assignment 1 before the

deadline (Aug.20, 10:00PM).
(58) Solid Mensuration: Plane Figures Part I | Formulas and Example 1-2 (Filipino)
- YouTube
Modules and assignments are available in Moodle.
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(58) Introduction to Solids || Plane & Solid Mensuration

Explained in Filipino - YouTube
(58) Cube & Rectangular Parallelepiped(Solved Problems)||
Plane & Solid Mensuration Explained in Filipino - YouTube
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