Check point

1. What is a dipole?
2. What are differences between ionic bonding and covalent bonding
3. How are hydrogen bonds formed between hydrogen water molecules and
what effect does they have on the properties of water?
4. Discuss how the properties of water affect living organisms?https://
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Answer
1. Dipole is the separation of charge in a molecule when the electrons in covalent
bonds are not evenly shared
2. Ionic bonding: bonds formed when atoms give or receive electrons, they result
in charged particles called ions. Covalent bonding: bonds formed when atoms
shared electrons; covalent molecules may be polar if the electrons are not shared
equally.
3. Hydrogen bonds are formed between water molecules when the slightly
negative oxygen atom of one water molecule will attract the slightly positive
hydrogen atoms of other water molecules in a weak electrostatic attraction, but
there are many of them , so the molecules of water stick together. The effects are
water has a relatively high melting and boiling point, because it’s takes a lot of
energy to break it all.
4. 1. Water is a polar solvent and an excellent transport medium, so many
substances dissolve in it. 2. Water is slow to absorb and it releases heat. 3. Water
is a liquid — it cannot be compressed. 4. Water molecules are cohesive and
adhesive. 5. Water has a very high surface tension.