HTML HTTP

You might also like

Download as docx, pdf, or txt
Download as docx, pdf, or txt
You are on page 1of 3

HTML (Hypertext Markup Language):

1. Definition: HTML is the standard markup language for creating and


designing web pages. It is used to structure content on the web, defining
elements and their attributes to convey meaning and presentation.
2. Basic Structure: HTML documents have a basic structure consisting of
an opening <!DOCTYPE html> declaration, an opening and closing <html>
tag, and within that, <head> and <body> sections. The head contains
metadata, while the body holds the actual content.
3. Elements and Tags:
• Tags: HTML uses tags to define elements. Tags are enclosed in
angle brackets, and most have both opening and closing tags.
• Attributes: Elements can have attributes that provide additional
information. Attributes are included within the opening tag.
4. Common Elements:
• <p>: Paragraph
• <a>: Anchor (used for hyperlinks)
• <h1>, <h2>, ... <h6>: Headings
• <img>: Image
• <ul>, <ol>, <li>: Lists (unordered, ordered, list item)
• <div>: Division (used for grouping content)
• <span>: Inline division
5. Forms:
• <form>: Container for user input forms.
• <input>: Allows the user to enter data.
• <button>: Creates a clickable button.
6. Semantic HTML:
• Elements like <header>, <nav>, <article>, <section>, <footer>,
etc., are used to give more meaning to the structure of a page.
7. Attributes:
• Attributes provide additional information about HTML elements.
• Examples include class, id, src, alt, href, etc.

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol):


1. Definition: HTTP is a protocol used for transmitting hypermedia
documents, such as HTML. It is the foundation of data communication on the
World Wide Web.
2. Client-Server Model:
• HTTP follows a client-server model, where a client makes
requests, and a server provides responses.
3. Request-Response Cycle:
• A client sends an HTTP request to a server.
• The server processes the request and sends back an HTTP
response.
4. Methods:
• Common HTTP methods include:
• GET: Retrieve data from a specified resource.
• POST: Submit data to be processed to a specified resource.
• PUT: Update a resource or create a new resource.
• DELETE: Request the removal of a resource.
5. Status Codes:
• HTTP responses include status codes indicating the outcome of
the request (e.g., 200 for success, 404 for not found, 500 for server error).
6. Headers:
• Both requests and responses contain headers with additional
information about the request or response, such as content type, length, and
more.
7. Statelessness:
• HTTP is stateless, meaning each request from a client to a server
is independent and not aware of previous requests.
8. Secure Version:
• HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) is a secure version
of HTTP that uses encryption (SSL/TLS) to secure the data transmission.

You might also like