গাজী আজমল স.

ার এর দাগােনা বই
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cÖvYxi wewfbœZv ev cÖvwY‰ewPΨ

 cÖvYx ˆewPΨ: c„w_exi mg¯Í RjPi, ¯’jPi I †LPi cÖvYxi g‡a¨ †h wRbMZ, cÖRvwZMZ I ev¯‘ms¯’vbMZ wewfbœZv †`Lv hvq †mwUB
n‡”Q cÖvYxi wewfbœZv ev cÖvwY‰ewPΨ|
cÖvYx ˆewPΨ ˆewkó¨
wRbMZ ˆewPΨ /  wRbMZ ˆewP‡Î¨i Kvi‡Y cÖRvwZ‡Z †im (race), RvZ (variety) BZ¨vw`i m„wó nq|
Genetic Diversity /  we‡k^i mKj gvbyl Homo sapiens cÖRvwZfz³ n‡jI c„w_exi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Gi Negroid,
AšÍtcÖRvwZK ˆewPΨ / Mongoloid, Coucasoid BZ¨vw` †im †`Lv hvq|
Intra-specific  †ikg †cvKv, avb, Mg, B¶z BZ¨vw` Rx‡ei GKB cÖRvwZ‡Z GKvwaK RvZ (varieties) †`Lv hvq|
cÖRvwZMZ ˆewPΨ /  GKB MYfz³ cÖRvwZi g‡a¨ †µv‡gv‡mvg msL¨v I Avw½K MV‡b h‡_ó cv_©K¨ †`Lv hvq|
Species Diversity /  †hgb-evN (Panthera tigris) I wmsn (Panthera leo) GKB M‡Yi AšÍfy©³ nIqv m‡Ë¡I
AvšÍtcÖRvwZK ˆewPΨ Zv‡`i g‡a¨ A‡bK cv_©K¨ †`Lv hvq|
ev¯‘Zvwš¿K ˆewPΨ/  ev¯‘Zvwš¿K ˆewP‡Î¨i Kvi‡Y Zz›`ªv A‡j mv`v fvjyK Ges ebf~wg A‡j Kv‡jv fvjyK †`Lv hvq|
Ecosystem Diversity/  giæf~wg, ebf~wg, Z…Yf~wg, mgy`ª, cÖevj cÖvPxi BZ¨vw` ev¯‘Zvwš¿K ˆewP‡Î¨i D`vniY|
cwi‡ekMZ ˆewPΨ

 nU¯úU :
†h A‡j cÖRvwZ ˆewPΨ †ewk Zv‡K Rxe‰ewP‡Î¨i nU¯úU (Biodiversity Hotspot) e‡j|
 cÖRvwZi ˆewPΨ cwigvc Kivi me©vwaK e¨eüZ m~PK nj wm¤úmb WvBfviwmwU Bb‡W· (D = n/N)2|
 D Gi gvb 0 †_‡K 1 ch©šÍ n‡q _v‡K| D Gi gvb hZ †ewk cÖvwY ˆewPΨ ZZ †ewk|
 nU¯úU kãwU cÖeZ©b K‡ib bg©vb gvqvi|
 c„w_ex‡Z 25wU nU¯úU i‡q‡Q|
 evsjv‡`k B‡›`v-evg©v Rxe ˆewPΨ nU-¯ú‡Ui AšÍM©Z|
[m~Î: Av: Avjxg]
 More info:
 wMÖK `vk©wbK A¨vwi÷Uj †K cÖvwYwe`¨vi RbK ejv nq| wZwb cÖvwY‡`i `ywU `‡j fvM K‡ib|
 cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi wfwË

welq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨

i. gvB‡µv ev AvYyex¶wYK cÖvYx: †hgb-gv‡Qi dzjKvi †cÖvwU÷vb RxevYy (Trichodina anabasi),
1. †`‡ni AvKvi Plasmodium vivax (g¨v‡jwiqv RxevYy), Entamoeba histolytica (Avgvkq RxevYy)|
ii. g¨v‡µv ev e„nËi cÖvYx: †hgb-wMwbwcM (Cavia porcellus) BZ¨vw`|
i. †Kvlxq msMVb gvÎv (Cellular Grade): †hgb- Porifera ce©|
ii. †Kvl-wUmy¨ msMVb gvÎv (Cell-tissue Grade): †hgb- Cnidaria, Ctenophora ce©|
2. msMVbgvÎv
iii. wUmy¨-A½ gvÎv (Tissue-organ Grade): †hgb- Platyhelminthes ce©|
vi. A½-Zš¿ gvÎv (Organ-system Grade): †hgb-Nemartea †_‡K Chordata ce©|
i. ¯^vaxbRxex ev gy³Rxex (Free Living): †hgb-KeyZi|
ii. ciRxex (Parasite): †hgb-P¨vÞvK…wg (Fasciola hepatica)|
3. Rxeb c×wZ iii. wg‡_vRxex (Symbiont): †hgb- Chlorohydra viridissima I Zoochlorella.
vi. mnRxex (Commensal): †hgb- Remora bv‡gi †PvlKgvQ Shark ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv gv‡Qi †`‡n mshy³
_v‡K|
i. Aixq (Radial) wK¬‡fR: Arthropoda
ii. wØ-cvk¦x©q (Bilateral) wK¬‡fR: Chordata
iii.mwc©j (Spiral) wK¬‡fR: Annelida I Mollusca, Slat worms †`i †¶‡Î|
4. wK¬‡fR i. †cÖvUv‡÷vg: wK¬‡fR mwc©j I wba©vwiZ ai‡bi| åƒYxq eøv‡÷v‡cvi cwiYZ cÖvYx‡Z gyLwQ‡`ª cwiYZ nq|
†hgb-Annelida, Mollusca, Arthropoda|
ii. wWD‡U‡iv‡÷vg: wK¬‡fR Aixq I Awba©vwiZ| åƒYxq eøv‡÷v‡cvi cwiYZ cÖvYx‡Z cvqywQ‡`ª cwiYZ nq|
†hgb- Echinodermata, Chordata|
i. wدÍix / wW‡cøveøvw÷K: D`vniY- Cnidaria I Ctenophora c‡e©i cÖvYx |
5. åæY¯Íi
ii. wίÍix / wUª‡cøveøvw÷K: D`vniY- Platyhelminthes †_‡K Chordata c‡e©i cÖvYx¸‡jv|
i. †Mvjxq ev eZz©jvKvi/Spherical : D`vniY- Volvox, Radiolaria, Heliozoa cÖf…wZ|
ii. Aixq/Radial : Cnidaria (nvBWªv, †Rwjwdk, mx-A¨vwbgb cÖf…wZ) I Echinodermata|
iii. wØ-Aixq/Biradial : Ceoloplana (Ctenophora, Anthozoa) c‡e©i cÖvYx|
vi. PZz©ixq cÖwZmvg¨Zv/Tetramerism : D`vniY- †Rwjwdk|
6. cÖwZmvg¨
v. cÂAixq cÖwZmvg¨/Pentamerism  Echinodermata: mgy`ª AvwP©b, mgy`ª wjwj, mgy`ª Zviv|
vi. wØ-cvk¦x©q cÖwZmvg¨/Bilateral symmetry : 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9 bs cÖavb c‡e©i AwaKvsk cÖvYx|
vii.AcÖwZmvg¨/Asymmetry: ¯úÄ (Cliona celata), kvgyK (Pila globosa) cÖf…wZ Ges cwiYZ
Gastropod.
i. m`„k ev mgLÐKvqb / †nv‡gv‡bvgvm/Homonomous metamerism : †hgb- †Ku‡Pv, †RuvK|
ii. wem`„k ev Amg LÐKvqb / †n‡U‡iv‡bvgvm/Heteronomous metamerism: †hgb- cZ½ (gkv, gvwQ,
†Zjv‡cvKv)|
7. LÐKvqb
iii. ALÐvwqZ: †hgb- Mollusca I Echinodermata c‡e©i cÖvYx| mgy`ªZviv, wSbyK, kvgyK|
(Metamerism/
i. cÖK…Z LÐKvqb (evwn¨K+Af¨šÍixY): Annelida c‡e©i cÖvYx: †hgb-†Ku‡Pv, †RuvK|
Segmentation)
ii. AcÖK…Z LÐKvqb: †mm‡UvW (wdZvK…wg)|
i. evwn¨K LÐKvqb: Arthropoda c‡e©i cÖvYx| †hgb- Avi‡kvjv, Nvmdwos, wPswo|
ii. Af¨šÍixY LÐKvqb: †giæ`Ûx cÖvYx (K‡kiæKv I A‡š¿i LÛKvqb)| †hgb: gvbyl|
i. cZ½: g¯ÍK (head), e¶ (thorax), D`i (abdomen)| †hgb- Nvmdwos, †gŠgvwQ, Avi‡kvjv|
8. AÂjvqb
ii. µv÷vwmqv: wk‡ive¶ (cephalothorax), D`i (abdomen)| †hgb- wPswo, KvuKov|
(Tagmatization)
iii. A¨vivKwbW: †cÖv‡mvgv (prosoma), Awcm‡_v‡mvgv (opisthosoma)| †hgb- gvKokv|
 †Mvjxq cÖwZmvg¨: †fvi n‡jv (VoR Holo)|
Vo R Holo

Volvox Radiolaria Heliozoa

 Aixq cÖwZmvg¨: mx (Sea)-i R‡j nvBWªv|

mx-i R‡j nvBWªv

smx A¨vwbgb †Rwjwdk nvBWªv

 wØ Aixq cÖwZmvg¨: ÔCÕ w`‡q ïiæ-

C

Ctenophora Ceoloplana

welq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨

i. wmwjqv I d¬¨v‡Rjv- †cÖv‡Uv‡Rvqv‡Z| vi. Wvbv- cZ½ I cvwL‡Z|
9. Dcv½ ii. cvLbv- gv‡Q| v. cv ev †cvwWqv- †cÖv‡Uv‡Rvqv I gjv¯‹v‡Z|
iii. A¨v‡›Ubv I ÷vBj- Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv‡Z| vi. evû- D”PZi †giæ`Ûx cÖvYx‡Z|
i. ga¨‡iLxq Zj (Median or Sagittal Plane): †`n‡K m`„k Wvb I evg Aa©vs‡k fvM K‡i|
10. Zj (Planes) ii. m¤§yL Zj (Frontal Plane): †`n‡K c„ôxq I A¼xq As‡k fvM K‡i|
iii. AbycÖ¯’Zj (Transverse Plane): †`n‡K m¤§yL I cðvr Aa©vs‡k fvM K‡i|
i. wm‡jvg wenxb/A¨vwm‡jv‡gU: Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora
c‡e©i cÖvYx|
ii. AcÖK…Z/åvšÍ/wg_¨v wm‡jvg/my¨‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU/QÙ: Rotifera, Kinorhyncha, Nematoda
11. wm‡jvg Acanthocephala, Entoprocta c‡e©i cÖvYx|
iii. cÖK…Z wm‡jvg/BDwm‡jv‡gU: Mollusca †_‡K Chordata|
i. mvB‡Rvwmjvm wm‡jvg (Schizocoelous coelom): Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca.
ii. G›Uv‡ivwmjvm wm‡jvg (Enterocoelous coelom): Echinodermata, Chordata.
i. K‡W©U: D`vniY- A¨vwmwWqv, e¨vO, mvc, gvbyl|
12. b‡UvKW©
ii. bb-K‡W©U: D`vniY-†Ku‡Pv, Nvmdwos, gkv| (Porifera †_‡K Echinodermata)
i. c¨viv‡Rvqv: †`‡n †cŠwóKbvjx _v‡K bv| Porifera c‡e©i cÖvYx |
13. †cŠwóKbvjx
ii. G‡›U‡iv‡Rvqv: †`‡n †cŠwóKbvjx _v‡K| Cnidaria †_‡K Chordata ch©šÍ mKj cÖvYx|
i. bvwjZš¿ (canal system): Porifera ce©|
ii. cvwb msenbZš¿ (water vascular system): Echinodermata ce©|
14. msenbZš¿ iii. e× i³ msenbZš¿: Annelida I Chordata ce©|
vi. gy³ i³ msenbZš¿: Arthropoda I Aa©gy³ i³ msenbZš¿ Mollusca|
v. AbybœZ cÖvwY‡`i msen‡bi cÖavb gva¨g n‡jv cvwb| DbœZ cÖvwY‡`i msen‡bi cÖavb gva¨g n‡jv i³|
ewntK¼vj AšÍtK¼vj
i. KvBwUbvm †cøU- Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv| i. Aw¯’, ZiæYvw¯’- †giæ`Ðx cÖvwY|
15. K¼vj
ii. K¨vj‡Kwiqvm †LvjK- †gvjv¯‹v| ii. w¯úwKDj- cwi‡div|
iii. wks, bL, cvjK, AvuBk- †giæ`Ðx cÖvwY| iii. K¨vj‡Kwiqvm †cøU- GKvB‡bvWvg©vUv|
  wW‡gi Kzm‡y gi Dci wfwË K‡i wK¬‡fR  (i) m¤ú~Y© / n‡jveøvw÷K (Holoblastic), (ii) AvswkK / †g‡iveøvw÷K (Meroblastic)
 wK¬‡f‡Ri mgq wW‡gi †h cÖv‡šÍ Kzmyg _v‡K Zv‡K †fwRUvj †giæ (vegetal pole) e‡j|
 †h cÖv‡šÍ wbDwK¬qvm _v‡K Zv‡K A¨vwb‡gj †giæ (animal pole) e‡j|

 bvgKiY I †kÖwYweb¨vmt ICZN ¯^xK…Z bvgKiY c×wZ `yÕcÖKvi: †hgb-

1. wØc` bvgKiY  K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm me©cÖ_g Zvi MÖš’ Species Plantarum G wØc` bvgKi‡Yi aviYv cÖ`vb K‡ib|
(Binomial  wZwb Systema Naturae MÖ‡š’i `kg ms¯‹i‡Y (1758 mv‡j) bvgKi‡Yi bxwZgvjv cÖYqb K‡ib|
nomenclature)  wjwbqvm‡K †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi RbK/ Father of Taxonomy ejv nq|
2. wÎc` bvgKiY
(Trinomial  cvwLweÁvbx Schlegel (1844) wÎc` bvgKiY cÖeZ©b K‡ib|
nomenclature)

 †kÖYxweb¨vm Gi bxwZ:
 Avewk¨K avc/ Category n‡”Q 7wU| h_v- Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus I Species.
 GB AbyµwgK †kÖYxwefvM ¯Íi KvVv‡gv‡K wjwbqvb nvqvivwK© e‡j|
 †kÖwYweb¨v‡m e¨eüZ cÖwZwU K¨vUvMwifz³ Rb‡Mvôx‡K GK GKwU U¨v·b e‡j| U¨v·b n‡jv †kÖwYe×MZ GKK|
 †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi me©wb¤œ ¯Íi I g~j wfwË GKK cÖRvwZ|
 †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi me‡P‡q eo GKK ev m‡e©v”P ¯Íi ce©|
 †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi m‡e©v”P GKK ev mve©Rbxb ivR¨|
 Simpson 21wU Category wb‡q nvqvivwK© cÖeZ©b K‡ib|

 wKQz Z_¨:
 Systema naturae, Genera plantarum, Species plantarum cÖf…wZ wjwbqv‡mi weL¨vZ MÖš’|
 1873 mv‡j weÁvbx †n‡Kj mgMÖ cÖvYxRMZ‡K †cÖv‡Uv‡Rvqv (Protozoa) I †gUv‡Rvqv (Metozoa) G `yfv‡M fvM K‡ib|
 1969 mv‡j Avi. GBP. ûB‡UKvi (R. H. Whittaker) Rx‡ei 5 ivR¨ †kÖwYweb¨vm Gi cÖeZ©b K‡ib|
 ivR¨¸‡jv n‡jv- 1. Monera 2. Protista 3. Fungi, 4. Plantae I 5. Animalia|
 e¨vK‡Uwiqv, bxjvf meyR ˆkevj g‡biv iv‡R¨i Ges Protozoan-†`i †cÖvwU÷v iv‡R¨i m`m¨ wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq|
 cÖvwYRMZ‡K me©‡gvU 33wU ce© ev Phylum G wef³ Kiv nq| †gRi ce© n‡”Q 9wU hvi g‡a¨ 8wU bbKW©vUv Ges 1wU KW©vUv|
gvBbi ce© 24wU|
 †gRi c‡e©i cÖRvwZmsL¨v cuvP nvRv‡ii AwaK| cÖK…wZ‡Z bb-KW©vUv cÖvwYi msL¨v cÖvq 95-97%|
 U‡Uvwbg (Tautonym): †Kv‡bv cÖvYxi ˆeÁvwbK bv‡gi MY I cÖRvwZ As‡ki bvg GKB nIqv| †hgb- Catla catla.
 †nv‡gvwbg ev mgbvg (Homonym): `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK U¨v·vi ˆeÁvwbK bv‡gi evbvb GKB nIqv| †hgb- Noctua
variegata (cvwL I cZ½)|
 wm‡bvwbg ev cÖwZbvg (Synonym): GKwU U¨v·b hLb `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK ˆeÁvwbK bv‡g cwiwPZ nq| †hgb- Bwjk gvQ
(Tenualosa ilisha/ Clupanodon ilisha/ Hilsa ilisha/ Clupea illisha)|
 AMÖvwaKvi AvBb (law of priority) Abyhvqx AvšÍR©vwZK weÁvb welqK cwÎKvq cÖ_g cÖKvwkZ ˆeÁvwbK bvgB ¯^xK…wZ cv‡e|

 †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi bxwZ 5wU| h_v-

i. †kÖwYe×MZ ˆewkó¨ wba©viY ii. kbv³KiY ii. K¨vUvMwiKiY ev i¨v¼f~w³ iv. bvgKiY v. msi¶Y
 bbKW©vUv cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb¨vm
 bbKW©vUv: †hme cÖvYxi †`‡n b‡UvKW© _v‡K bv Zv‡`i bbKW©vUv e‡j| cÖvwYRM‡Z 8wU cÖavb ce© bbKW©vUvi AšÍf©y³| G‡`i †`‡n
wb¤œwjwLZ ˆewk󨸇jv cvIqv hvq
1. †`‡n b‡UvKW© Abycw¯’Z| 5. i³ msenbZ‡š¿ ürh‡š¿i Ae¯’vb c„ô‡`‡k|
2. Mjwejxq dzjKv iÜ« †bB| 6. i‡³i wn‡gv‡M­vweb i³i‡m Ae¯’vb K‡i|
3. cvqy-cðvr †jR _v‡K bv| 7. i³ msenbZ‡š¿ †ncvwUK †cvU©vjZš¿ Abycw¯’Z|
4. ¯œvqyi¾y MÖwš’hy³, A¼xq I wb‡iU| 8. Z¡K †_‡K †Pv‡Li D™¢e N‡U|

Phylum 1: Porifera (cwi‡div)

 Ab¨bvg: wQ`ªvj cÖvYx (Pore bearers)/¯úÄ (Sponge)/Ry¨IdvBUv (Zoophyta)|
cwiwPwZ
 bvgKiY: Robert Grant
 †Kvlxq gvÎvi msMVb (Cellular level) wewkó, eû‡Kvlxq Ges c~Y©v½ cÖvwYiv wbðj (Sessile)|
 †`ncÖvPxi evB‡ii w`‡K wcbv‡KvWvg© I wfZ‡ii w`‡K †Kvqv‡bvWvg© bvgK `ywU †Kvl¯Í‡i web¨¯Í _v‡K| ¯Íi`ywUi gv‡S
†g‡mvwnj bvgK wR‡jvwUbvm (‡Rwji g‡Zv) ‡cÖvwUb gvZ…Kv _v‡K|
 w¯úwKDj (Spicules) bvgK Pzbgq KuvUv A_ev ¯úwÄb (Spongin fibres) bvgK ˆReZš‘ _v‡K|
 †`n cÖvPx‡i Aw÷qv (Ostia) bvgK AmsL¨ wQ`ªc‡_ cvwb‡¯ªv‡Zi gva¨‡g Lv`¨, Aw·‡Rb I ïµvYy †`‡n cÖ‡ek K‡i|
 we‡kl bvwjKvZš¿ (Canal system) ev Water Canal System we`¨gvb|
ˆewkó¨  †Kvqv‡bvmvBU (Choanocytes) ev Kjvi †Kvl (Collar cells) bvgK we‡kl d¬v‡Rjvhy³ †Kvl _v‡K|
 †`nMnŸi  ¯ú‡Ävwmj (Spongocoel) ev c¨vivM¨vw÷ªK MnŸi, hv AmKz¨jvg (Osculum) bvgK wQ`ª c‡_
†`‡ni evwn‡i Db¥y³ nq|
 Dfwj½ (Monoecious), cwiùzUb c‡iv¶| †hŠb I A‡hŠb (Kzwo ev †MwgDj m„wói gva¨‡g) Dfq c×wZ‡Z Rbb
m¤úbœ K‡i|
 †`‡n ¯œvqyZš¿, i³msenbZš¿, cwicvKZš¿ _v‡K bv|
 AwaKvsk mvgyw`ªK| †KejgvÎ (Spongilidae) †Mv‡Îi cÖvYxiv wgVvcvwbi evwm›`v| †KD †KD G‡Ûvwmgev‡qv›U|
jvf©v RxebP‡µ mšÍiYkxj A¨vwçeøv÷zjv (Amphiblastula) A_ev c¨v‡ibKvBgyjv (Parenchymula) jvf©v †`Lv hvq|
D`vniY Scypha gelatinosum (gUKv ¯úÄ), Clathria prolifera (jvj ¯úÄ), Spongilla proliferans (wgVvcvwbi ¯úÄ)
[m~Î: AvRgj, Av: Avjxg]
Phylum 2: Cnidaria (wbWvwiqv)
cwiwPwZ  Ab¨bvg: mgy‡`ªi dzj (Flower of sea) ev Rain forest.  c~e©bvg: Coelenterata.  bvgKiY: Hatschek.
1. †Kvl-wUmy¨ gvÎvi (Cell-tissue grade) cÖ_g eû‡Kvlx, Aixq cÖwZmg (Radial symmetry)|
2. wØ-åæY¯Íix (Diploblastic)  GwcWvwg©m Ges G‡ÛvWvwg©m| ga¨eZ©x A‡Kvlxq ¯Í‡ii bvg †g‡mvwMøqv|
3. †`nvf¨šÍ‡i wm‡j‡›Uib (Coelenteron) bvgK cwicvK-msenb ev M¨v‡÷ªvfv¯‹zjvi MnŸi we`¨gvb|
4. wb‡WvmvBU ev wb‡Wveøv÷ †Kvl bvgK we‡kl KuvUvhy³ †Kvl we`¨gvb| wbWvwiqvb‡`i `skb A½vYy †bgv‡Uvwm÷| cÖvYx
Gi mvnv‡h¨ AvZ¥i¶v, Lv`¨MÖnY I †`n cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ ivLvi KvR K‡i|
ˆewkó¨
5. cwicvK: ewnt‡Kvlxq I AšÍt‡Kvlxq|
6. eûiƒwcZv: w¯’i cwjc (Polyp) (A‡hŠb `kv) Ges gy³Rxex ev muvZviæ `kv †gWzmv (Medusa) (†hŠb `kv)|
7. RxebP‡µ Rbytµg, †gUv‡R‡bwmm I cwjgiwdRg †`Lv hvq|
8. wek cÖRvwZi wbWvwiqvb ¯^v`y cvwbi, evKx mevB mvgyw`ªK|
9. mvgyw`ªK ejøv (Chironex fleckeri) c„w_exi me‡P‡q welv³ †Rjx wdm|
jvf©v Rxeb P‡µ wmwjqvhy³ cøvbyjv (Plannula) jvf©v †`Lv hvq|
D`vniY nvBWªv, †Rwjwdk (Aurelia aurita), mgy`ª Kjg, mvgyw`ªK †Kvivj, mvMi Kzmyg, mvMi cvLv, mgy`ª cvjK|
[m~Î: AvRgj, Av: Avjxg]
 cwi‡div c‡e©i ˆewkó¨: AwbK †Kvb ¯úvB‡Ki ¯úÄ c‡i‡Q|
AwbK †Kvb ¯úvB‡Ki ¯úÄ c‡i‡Q

Aw÷qv wbðj †Kvlxq gvÎv †Kvqv‡bvmvBU w¯úwKDj ¯ú‡Ävwmj cwi‡div

 wbWvwiqv c‡e©i ˆewkó¨: wb‡gi wmwU wW‡gi cwjc|

wb‡gi wmwU wW‡gi cwjc

wb‡WvmvBU †g‡mvwMøqv wm‡j‡›Uib wUmy¨gvÎv wW‡cøveøvw÷K †gWzmv `kv cwjc `kv

Phylum 3: Platyhelminthes (cøvwU‡njwgb‡_m)

 Ab¨bvg: P¨vÞv K…wg (Flat worms) ev wdZv K…wg (Ribbon worms).
cwiwPwZ
 bvgKiY: Gogenbour [m~Î: Avjxg]/ Minot [m~Î: AvRgj]|
1. wUmy¨-A½gvÎvi MVb wewkó, wØ-cvk¦x©q cÖwZmg, wÎ-åƒY¯Íix Ges A¨vwm‡jv‡gU (wm‡jvgwenxb)|
2. †`nZ¡K wmwjqvhy³ GwcWvwg©m A_ev wKDwUKj Ave„Z|
3. wewfbœ A‡½i duv‡K duv‡K c¨v‡ibKvBgv bvgK †hvRK wUmy¨ ev †g‡mbKvBgv Øviv c~Y© _v‡K|
ˆewkó¨ 4. evwn¨K †PvlK ev ûK Dcw¯’Z, wKQz cÖvwY‡Z LÛK m`„k¨ MVb †cÖv‡MøvwUW _v‡K|
5. i³ msenbZš¿ I k¦mbZš¿ †bB, †cŠwóKbvjx Am¤ú~Y© ev Abycw¯’Z|
6. †iPbZš¿ wkLv‡Kvl (Flame Cell) ev †cÖv‡Uv‡bwd«wWqv (Protonephridia) ev †mv‡j‡bvmvBU (Solenocyte) wb‡q MwVZ|
7. Dfwj½, wb‡lK Af¨šÍixY| wmbmvBwmqvj †U¸‡g›U †`Lv hvq|
jvf©v RxebP‡µ †iwWqv, mviKvwiqv, †¯úv‡ivwm÷, wmw÷mviKvm jvf©v _v‡K|
i³ K…wg (Schistosoma mansoni), cø¨v‡bwiqv, hK…Z K…wg (Fasciola hepatica), ïK‡ii K…wg (Taenia solium),
D`vniY
Schistosoma (Schistosomasis/ kvgyK R¡i (Snail fever) m„wó K‡i), KzK‡z ii K…wg (Echinococcus granulosus)
[m~Î: AvRgj]
Phylum 4: Nematoda (†bgv‡UvWv)
 Ab¨bvg: myZv K…wg (Thread worm) ev †MvjK…wg (round worm).
cwiwPwZ
 bvgKiY: Gogenbour.
1. A½Zš¿ gvÎvi (Organ system grade) MVb wewkó, wίÍix, AcÖK…Z wm‡jvgwewkó, wØ-cvk¦x©q cÖwZmg|
2. †`n bgbxq, Bjvw÷b wbwg©Z A‡Kvlxq wKDwUKj Øviv Ave„Z|
3. †cŠwóKbvjx †mvRv, kvLvnxb| Ôb‡ji wfZi bjÕ (Tube within a tube) ai‡bi MVb|
ˆewkó¨ 4. gyLwQ`ª ˆewkó¨c~Y© I‡ô cwie„Z| k¦mbZš¿ I msenbZš¿ Abycw¯’Z| †iPb I ¯œvqyZš¿ Dcw¯’Z|
5. AwaKvsk cÖvYx GKwj½ (Diecious), †hŠb wØiƒcZv (Sexual dimorphism) †`Lv hvq|
6. AwaKvskB AšÍtciRxex|
7. A¨vm‡Kwi‡qwmm, Gwjd¨vbwUqvwmm, KbRvsKwUfvBwUm, i³¯^íZv, D`ivgq cÖf…wZ †iv‡Mi m„wó K‡i|
jvf©v i¨vewWwUdg© (Rhabditiform) Ges gvB‡µvdvB‡jwiqv (Microfilaria) jvf©v|
†MvjK…wg (Ascaris lumbricoides), dvB‡jwiqv K…wg (Wuchereria bancrofti), †PvL K…wg (Loa loa), ûKIqvg©
D`vniY
(Ancylostoma duodenale), myZvK…wg, ¸ov K…wg (Enterobius vermmicularis), PveyK K…wg (Trichuris trichiura).
[m~Î: MvRx AvRgj, Av: Avjxg]
 Platyhelminthes c‡e©i ˆewkó¨: `yB wZb w`b Abycw¯’wZi c‡i wKDU wkLv †cøU wb‡q Avwm‡jv|
`yB wZb w`b Abycw¯’wZi c‡i wKDU wkLv †cøU wb‡q Avwm‡jv

wØcvk^©xq wίÍix i³msenbZš¿ I c¨v‡ibKvBgv wKDwUKj wkLv‡Kvl Platyhelminthes A¨vwm‡jv‡gU

cÖwZmg k^mbZš¿ Abycw¯’Z
 Nematoda c‡e©i ˆewkó¨: Neymar Gi mskq †K‡U AZtci wØcvI wmDj †Mj|
Neymar Gi mskq †K‡U AZtci wØcvI wmDj †Mj

Nematoda i³msenbZš¿ k^mbZš¿ wKDwUKj Tube within AšÍtciRxex wØcvk^x©q wmD‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU

bvB bvB a tube cÖwZmg

Phylum 5: Mollusca (gjv¯‹v)

 Ab¨bvg: K‡¤^vR cÖvYx| cÖvwYRM‡Zi wØZxq e„nËg ce©|
cwiwPwZ  bvgKiY: Jonston [Av: Avjxg]/ Linnaeus [AvRgj].
 gjv¯‹v RvZxq cÖvwY‡`i Av‡jvbvi welq‡K g¨vjv‡KvjwR e‡j|
1. †`n big, gvsmj I ALÐKvwqZ|
2. Giv wm‡jv‡gU, AwaKvsk wØ-cvk¦x©q cÖwZmg [M¨v‡÷ªv‡cvWv (†hgb: Av‡cj kvgyK-AcÖwZmg) e¨ZxZ]
3. g¨v›Uj (Mantle) ev †cwjqvg bvgK cvZjv Avei‡Y †`n Ave„Z|
4. k^vm iÄK wn‡gvmvqvwbb (Haemocyanin- Avwgl I Kcvi) Ges A¨vwg‡evmvBU (Amoebocyte) KwYKv _v‡K|
ˆewkó¨ 5. i³ msenbZš¿ : Aa©gy³|
6. dzjKv (wUwbwWqvg), dzmdzm A_ev g¨v›Uj w`‡q k¦mb m¤úbœ K‡i, ¯’jPi  cvj‡gvbvwi _wji weKvk|
7. †cŠwóKbvjx †mvRv ev cu¨vPv‡bv ev ‘U’ AvK…wZi|
8. gyLwee‡i KvBwUb wbwg©Z i¨vWzjv (Radula) ev †iwZ-wRnŸv _v‡K (Bivalvia e¨ZxZ)|
9. ‡PvL, Kwl©Kv QvovI ÔAmd«vwWqvgÕ Bw›`ªq _v‡K|
jvf©v Uª‡Kv‡dvi ev †fwjRvi ev M­wPwWqvg jvf©v|
Av‡cj kvgyK (Pila globosa), wSbyK (Bivalvia †kÖwYfz³), A‡±vcvm (Octopus macropus), Rvqv›U ¯‹zBW,
D`vniY
I‡q÷vi, jwj‡Mv, KvBUb|
[m~Î: AvRgj, Av: Avjxg]

Phylum 6: Annelida (A¨vwbwjWv)

 Ab¨bvg: wisIqvg© (Ring worm)/ A½yixgvj/ AvswU wKU/ LÐvwqZ wKU (Segmented worms).
cwiwPwZ
 bvgKiY: Lamarck.
1. wØ-cvk¦x©q cÖwZmg, cÖK…Z wm‡jvghy³ I cÖK…Z LÐKvqb (True segmentation) Dcw¯’Z|
2. Pjb A½: KvBwUbgq wmwU (†Ku‡Pv) ev ‡ckj c¨viv‡cvwWqv (†bwim) ev †PvlK (†RuvK)|
3. †iPb A½: †bwd«wWqv (Nephridia)| G‡`i‡K †mM‡g›Uvj AM©vb (Segmental organ) ejv nq|
ˆewkó¨
4. i³ msenbZš¿ : e× (e¨wZµg-†RuvK)| i³i‡m wn‡gv‡Møvweb, wn‡gvGwiw_ªb, Gwi‡_ªvµzwib Ges †K¬v‡ivµzIwib _v‡K wKš‘
†jvwnZ i³KwYKv _v‡K bv|
5. †cŠwóKbvjx bjvKvi I m¤ú~Y©| AwaKvsk cÖvwY‡`i †¶‡Î K¬vB‡Ujvg Dcw¯’Z|
jvf©v RxebP‡µ gy³ muvZviæ †Uªv‡Kv‡dvi jvf©v (Trochophore larva) _v‡K|
†bwim, †Ku‡Pv (Metaphire posthuma), †RuvK (Hirudinaria granulosa), mgy`ª DKzb, i³ KxU, cvLv KxU,
D`vniY
Ai‡bU KxU|

 Mollusca c‡e©i ˆewkó¨: wngyi gvgviv dzj Molla.

wngyi gvgviv dzj Molla

wn‡gvwmj g¨v›Uj i¨vWzjv dzjKv I dzmdzm Mollusca

 A¨vwbwjWv c‡e©i ˆewkó¨: ATN Gi PC eÜ I LÐ LÛ|
A T N Gi P C eÜ I LÐ LÛ

Annelida Trochophore Nephridia Parapodia Cuticle e× msenbZš¿ cÖK…Z LÐKvqb

Phylum 7: Arthropoda (Av‡_©ªv‡cvWv)

cwiwPwZ  Ab¨bvg: mwÜc`x cÖvwY| cÖvwYRM‡Zi e„nËg ce©|  bvgKiY: von Siebold.
1. †`n wØcvk¦x©q cÖwZmg, U¨vMgvUvq wef³ I mwÜhy³|
2. †`nMnŸi: i³c~Y© wn‡gvwmj| i³ msenbZš¿ Db¥y³|
3. †iPb A½: g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv (cÖavb)| GQvovI i‡q‡Q K·vj, meyR MÖwš’, A¨v‡›Ubvj, g¨vw·jvwi MÖwš’, wm‡jvg bvwj|
* cÖwZwU †`nLÛ‡K GK‡Rvovv mwÜhy³ cv Ges g¯Í‡K `y‡Rvov A¨v‡›Ubv Ges GK‡Rvov RwUj P¶z we`¨gvb
ˆewkó¨ 4. GK‡Rvov cyÄvw¶ (Compound eye) Ges GK ev `yB‡Rvov A¨v‡›Ubv we`¨gvb|
5. ewntK¼vj: KvBwUb wbwg©Z| cZ½‡`i wZb †Rvov cv I `yB †Rvov Wvbv _v‡K|
6. AwaKvs‡ki iƒcvšÍi (Metamorphosis) N‡U|
7. k^mb A½: UªvwKqv (cZ½), eyKwMj (Book gill- wPswo, ivRKuvKov), eyKjvs (Book lung-KuvKovwe‡Q,
gvKomv) Ges †`nZ¡K|
we‡kl Z_¨ Av‡_©ªv‡cvWv c‡e©i wjgyjvm (Limulus), ivRKuvKov ev nm© my µve RxešÍ Rxevk¥ (Living fossil) bv‡g cwiwPZ
jvf©v RxebP‡µ jvf©v, wcDcv ev wbç `kv we`¨gvb|
Periplaneta americana (Avi‡kvjv), Culex Pipiens (gkv), Musca domestica (M„n gvwQ),
D`vniY
Poekilocerus pictus (Nvmdwos), Zvcmx KuvKov, wPswo, kZc`x, †gŠgvwQ|
[m~Î: MvRx AvRgj]

Phylum 8: Echinodermata (GKvB‡bvWvg©vUv)

cwiwPwZ  Ab¨bvg: K›UKZ¡K cÖvYx|  bvgKiY: Jacob Klein.
1. c~Y©v½ cÖvYx cÂ-Aixq cÖwZmg (Pentamerous), ZviKvKvi; jvf©v `kvq wØcvk¦x©q cÖwZmg, wίÍix|
2. †`n K›UKgq Ges ¯úvBb (Spine) I †cwWwmjvwi (Pedicellary) bvgK ewntK¼vjhy³|
3. †`n †gŠwLK I we‡gŠwLK Z‡j web¨¯Í| †gŠwLK Z‡j cuvPwU A¨v¤^yj¨vµvj Lv` (Ambulacral groove) Dcw¯’Z|
4. †`‡n we‡kl ai‡bi cvwb msenbZš¿ (Water vascular system) we`¨gvb|
ˆewkó¨ 5. Pjb A½ bvwjKv c` ev wUDe wdU (Tube feet)|
6. cÖK…Z g¯ÍK I gw¯Í®‹ †bB| †iPb A½ Abycw¯’Z|
7. i³msenbZš¿ Abycw¯’Z, Z‡e wngvj (Haemal) I †cwiwngvjZš¿ (Perihaemal) msen‡bi KvR K‡i|
8. Z¡Kxq dzjKv, bvwjKvc` (Tube feet) ev k^mbe„¶ (Respiratory trees) BZ¨vw` Øviv k^mb m¤úbœ nq|
9. GKwj½ cÖvYx, wb‡lK evwn¨K| Giv m¤ú~Y© mvgyw`ªK/ †Kvb ciRxwe m`m¨ †bB|
jvf©v RxebP‡µ gy³ mšÍiYkxj evBwcbvwiqv, AwiKz¨jvwiqv, AwdDwKUvm wKsev GKvB‡bvwKUvm jvf©v we`¨gvb|
mgy`ª cÙ (Antedon bifida), mvMi †WBwR, mgy`ªZviv (Asterias rubens), mc©Zviv (Ophiura ciliaris), mvMi
D`vniY
AvwP©b (Echinus esculentus), mgy`ª kmv (Holothuria impatiens), cvjK Zviv, weªUj ÷vi|
 †iPbv½: Pjbv½: we‡kl A½/Z‡š¿i Abycw¯’wZ:
Arthropoda : g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv| Echinodermata : bvwjKv c` Echinodermata : †iPbv½ I i³msenb|
Platyhelminthes : wkLv‡Kvl Annelida : wmwU ev c¨viv‡cvwWqv Nematoda : k¦mb I msenb Zš¿|
Annelida : †bwd«wWqv Arthropoda : cv I Wvbv Platyhelminthes : k¦mb I i³ msenb Zš¿|

Phylum 9: Chordata
cwiwPwZ  Ab¨bvg: †giæ`Ðx cÖvYx|  bvgKiY: Bateson.
1. cuvPwU †gŠwjK ˆewkó¨:
i. b‡UvKW© (Notochord): DbœZ cÖvwY‡`i c~Y©v½ Ae¯’vq †giæ`Û w`‡q cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nq|
ii. ¯œvqyi¾y (Nerve cord): m¤§yLcÖv‡šÍ gw¯Í®‹ I cðv‡Z myly¤œvKvÛ MVb K‡i|
iii. Mjwejxq dzjKviܫ (Pharyngeal gill slits)|
iv. G‡Ûv÷vBj (Endostyle): c~Y©eq¯‹ †giæ`Ðx cÖvYx‡Z _vBi‡qW MÖwš’‡Z cwiYZ nq|
ˆewkó¨ v. cvqy-cðvr †jR (Post-anal tail)|
2. Ab¨vb¨ ˆewkó¨:
i. cwicvKZš¿ m¤ú~Y©| v. ürwc‡Ði Ae¯’vb A¼xq‡`‡k Ae¯’vb K‡i|
ii. i³ msenbZš¿ e× ai‡bi| vi. `y‡Rvov cvk^©c` _v‡K|
iii. i‡³i †jvwnZ KwYKvq wn‡gv‡M­vweb _v‡K| vii. LÐKvqb wm‡jvg ch©šÍ †cuŠQvq bv|
vi. †ncvwUK †cvU©vjZš¿ we`¨gvb| †ibvj †cvU©vjZš¿ Abycw¯’Z |
D`vniY Homo sapiens (gvbyl)

 KW©vUv I bbKW©vUvi Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv-

Zzjbxq welq bbKW©vUv KW©vUv
b‡UvKW© Rxe‡bi †Kvb ch©v‡qB _v‡K bv Rxe‡bi †Kvb bv †Kvb ch©v‡q _v‡K
¯œvqyi¾yi Ae¯’vb A¼xq ‡`‡k c„ôxq †`‡k
dzjKv iÜ« †bB Av‡Q
ürwcÛ _v‡K bv/_vK‡j c„ôxq †`‡k A¼xq †`‡k _v‡K
wn‡gv‡Møvweb i³i‡m _v‡K RBC †Z _v‡K
†jR _v‡K bv _v‡K
‡ncvwUK †cvU©vjZš¿ Abycw¯’Z Dcw¯’Z
 Phylum : Chordata

Subphylum-1 Subphylum-2 Subphylum-3

Urochordata Cephalochordat Vertebrata
a
Class-1: Ascidiacea
Class-2: Thaliacea Superclass: Cyclostomata Superclass: Gnathostomata
Class-3: Larvacea
Class-1: Myxini Class-1:
Class-2: Petromyzontida Chondrichthyes
Class-2: Actinopterygii
Class-3: Sarcopterygii
Class-4: Amphibia
Class-5: Reptilia
Class-6: Aves
Class-7: Mammalia

 Chordata ce©wU wZbwU Subphylum ev Dcc‡e© wef³|

1. †`n wUDwbK bvgK Av”Qv`‡b Ave„Z|
2. jvf©v `kv gy³Rxex, muvZviæ, cwiYZ cÖvwY wbðj, mvgyw`ªK|
Subphylum 1: 3. ürP‡µ Ôwifvm© †cwi÷¨vjwmmÕ †`Lv hvq|
Urochordata 4. RxebP‡µ Tadpole bvgK jvf©v `kv we`¨gvb|
(mvMi †dvqviv/
5. cÖZxc iƒcvšÍi ev †i‡Uªv‡MÖwmf iƒcvšÍi (Retrogressive metamorphosis) †`Lv hvq|
wUDwb‡KUv/
6. ¯œvqyi¾y Ô¯œvqyMÖwš’ ev M¨vswjIbÕ G cwiYZ nq|
Sea squirt/
7. Giv Òmvm‡cbkb wdWviÓ A_©vr mgy‡`ªi cvwb †_‡K we‡kl ai‡bi QvKb c×wZ‡Z ¶z`ª ¶z`ª Lv`¨ MÖnY K‡i|
Tunicata)
8. ÒWvB‡WwgbÓ bvgK ivmvqwbK c`v_© cvIqv hvq|
9. D`vniY: Ascidia, Salpa, Doliolum|
1. m¤§yL cÖv‡šÍ Iivj ûW (oral hood) Ges Zv‡Z Iivj wmwi (oral cirri) _v‡K|
Subphylum 2:
Cephalochordata 2. ˆ`N©¨ eivei †`‡ni `yÕcv‡ki cÖvq 60 †Rvov ÔÕ AvKv‡ii gv‡qvUg †ckx (myotome muscles) we`¨gvb|
(fj­vKvi cÖvYx/ 3. †mv‡j‡bvmvBU hy³ †bwd«wWqv G‡`i cÖavb †iPb A½| [gv‡R`v] (†mjv‡bvmvBUhy³ †cÖv‡Uv‡bwd«wWqv)
4. i³ msenbZš¿ e× I DbœZ ai‡bi|
ej­gvKvi cÖvYx)
5. D`vniY: Branchiostoma lanceolatum (A¨vwçA·vm)|
1. b‡UvKW© †giæ`Ð w`‡q cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nq|
2. ¯œvqyi¾y gw¯Í®‹ I myly¤œvKvÐ MVb K‡i|
3. K‡ivwU MV‡bi gva¨‡g gw¯Í®‹‡K myiw¶Z iv‡L|
Subphylum 3: 4. Z¡K w`‡q †`n Ave„Z| ‡`‡ni `ycv‡k hyMœ Pjb A½ _v‡K|
Vertebrata 5. †cŠwóKZš¿ m¤ú~Y©; †cwkgq †cŠwóKbvwj, hK…Z I AMœ¨vkq wb‡q MwVZ|
(Craniata) 6. Mjwe‡ji Dfq cv‡k 5-15 †Rvov dzjKv iÜ« _v‡K|
7. i³ msenbZš¿ e× ai‡bi|
8. cÖavb k^mb A½ dzjKv I dzmdzm| cÖavb †iPb A½ e„°|
9. 10-12 †Rvov K‡ivwUK ¯œvqy _v‡K|
 Superclass-1: Cyclostomata Superclass-2: Gnathostomata:
Class-1: Myxini: n¨vMwdk/ ¯øvBg Cj (slime eel) Class-1: Chondrichthyes
 gyL cÖvšÍxq I 4 †Rvov Kwl©Kvhy³| Class-2: Actinopterygii
 5-15 †Rvov Mjwejxq dzjKv iÜ« _v‡K| Class-3: Sarcopterygii
Class-4: Amphibia
 D`v: Myxine glutinosa
Class-5: Reptilia
Class-2: Petromyzontida: j¨vg‡cÖ Class-6: Aves
 ‡KivwUbgq `uvZhy³, †Pvlb ¶gZvm¤úbœ gyL| Class-7: Mammalia
 7 †Rvov Mjwejxq dzjKv iÜ« _v‡K|
 D`v: Petromyzon marinus

 Gnathostomata Awa‡kÖwYi †kÖwYi bvg: SARCAASM.

S A R C A AS M

Sarcopterygii Actinopterygii Reptilia Chondrichthyes Aves Amphibia Mammalia

 GK‡Î me jvf©v:
ce©/Dcce© jvf©vi bvg ce©/Dcce©/†kÖwY jvf©vi bvg
Porifera A¨vwçeøv÷zjv ev c¨v‡ibKvBgyjv Annelida Uª‡Kv‡dvi
evBwcbvwiqv, AwiKz¨jvwiqv,
Cnidaria Plannula Echinodermata AwdDwKUvm ev GKvB‡bvwKUvm
†iwWqv, mviKvwiqv, †¯úv‡ivwm÷, Urochordata I
Platyhelminthes U¨vW‡cvj
wmw÷mviKvm Amphibia
Uª‡Kv‡dvi ev †fwjRvi ev Petromyzontida
Mollusca A¨v‡gvwmU
MøwPwWqvg ev j¨vg‡cÖ

 Cyclostomata I Gnathostomata-i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ :

welq Cyclostomata Gnathostomata
1. †Pvqvj gyL †Pvqvjwenxb Ges †PvlK I Kwl©Kv hy³| cÖK…Z †Pvqvj Dcw¯’Z|
2. Dcv½ †Rvo Dcv½ Abycw¯’Z| mvaviYZ †Rvo Dcv½ (cvLbv ev c`) wewkó|
3. AvuBk †`nZ¡K AvuBkwenxb| †`nZ¡K AvuBkwenxb ev AvuBk, †jvg, cvjK _vK‡Z cv‡i|
4. AšÍtK¼vj AšÍtK¼vj m¤ú~Y© ZiæYvw¯’ wbwg©Z| AšÍtK¼vj Aw¯’ ev ZiæYvw¯’ ev Dfq Øviv wbwg©Z|
5. dzjKv 5-15 †Rvov dzjKviÜ« _v‡K| wKQz m`‡m¨i 5-7 †Rvov dzjKviÜ« _v‡K|
k^vmKv‡h©i Rb¨ dzjKv ev dzmdzm _v‡K|
6. bvmviÜ« bvmvi‡Ü«i msL¨v GKwU| bvmvi‡Ü«i msL¨v `ywU|
7. AšÍtKY© AšÍK‡Y© GKwU ev `ywU Aa©e„ËvKvi bvwj _v‡K| AšÍtK‡Y© wZbwU Aa©e„ËvKvi bvwj _v‡K|
8. K‡ivwUKv ¯œvqy 8 †Rvov ev 10 †Rvov| 10 †Rvov ev 12 †Rvov
9. D`vniY Myxine glutinosa, Patromyzon marinus. Scoliodon laticaudus, Sphyrna blochii.
 Gnathostomata: 7wU Class G wef³
 Class-1,2,3 Gi ZzjbvgyjK ˆewkó¨ Av‡jvPbv:
Class-2: Actinopterygii Class-3: Sarcopterygii
welq Class-1: Chondrichthyes
(Ray finned fishes) (Lobe finned fishes)
1. AšÍtK¼vj ZiæYvw¯’gq Aw¯’gq Aw¯’gq
2. AvuBk cø¨vK‡qW (Placoid) wUb‡qW/ mvBK¬‡qW M¨vb‡qW/ Kmg‡qW AuvBk
(Ctenoid/ Cycloid) (Ganoid/ Cosmoid)
3. †jR †nUv‡ivmvK©vj (heterocercal) †nv‡gvmvK©vj (homocercal) WvBwdmvK©vj (Diphycercal)
4. ü`cÖ‡Kvô 2wU 2wU 2wU
5. dzjKvwQ`ª Db¥y³ Ae¯’vq _v‡K AcviKzjvg Øviv XvKv AcviKzjvg Øviv XvKv
6. cUKv †bB Av‡Q i³ RvwjKv mg„×
7. D`vniY i¨vU wdk, nv½i, wMUvi gvQ, Bwjk, iæB, KvZjv, wmjvKvš’’ (coelacanth), jvswdk
w÷s‡i, KivZ gvQ, B‡jw±ªK-†i jBÆv gvQ (Bombay Duck) (lung fish)

 GKbR‡i:
AuvBk cy”QcvLbv ev †jR hv‡`i _v‡K
cø¨vK‡qW  †nUv‡ivmvK©vj|  Chondrichthyes.
mvBK¬‡qW ev wUb‡qW  †nv‡gvmvK©vj|  Actinopterygii.
M¨vb‡qW  WvBwdmvK©vj|  Sarcopterygii.
[m~Î: MvRx AvRgj m¨vi + Ave`yj Avjxg m¨vi]

 Class-4,5,6,7 Gi ZzjbvgyjK ˆewkó¨ Av‡jvPbv:

welq Class-4: Amphibia Class-5: Reptilia Class-6: Aves Class-7: Mammalia
1. Z¡K bMœ, MÖwš’gq I wm³ ﮋ, AvuBk Øviv Ave„Z ﮋ, cvj‡K Ave„Z ﮋ, †jv‡g Ave„Z
2. Pjb A½ 2 †Rvov cv 2 †Rvov cv (e¨wZµg-mvc) 1 †Rvov Wvbv 1 †Rvov cv, 1 †Rvov nvZ
3. k^mb A½ dzjKv dzmdzm dzmdzm, evqy_wj Av‡Q dzmdzm
4. ürwcÛ 3 cÖ‡Kvô AvswkK 4 cÖ‡Kvô 4 cÖ‡Kvô 4 cÖ‡Kvô
Dò (G‡Ûv_vwg©K) Dò, RBC
5. i³ kxZj (G‡±v_vwg©K) kxZj (G‡±v_vwg©K)
RBC wbDwK¬qvmhy³ wbDwK¬qvmwenxb
6. K‡ivwUK ¯œvqy 10 †Rvov 12 †Rvov 12 †Rvov 12 †Rvov
7. iƒcvšÍi -- -- †Pvqvj-PÂz ¯¿x‡Z mwµq ¯Íb MÖwš’
8. Wvqvd«vg -- -- -- e¶ I D`‡ii gv‡Q Aew¯’Z
†mvbve¨vO, Kz‡bve¨vO, †`v‡qj, KeyZi, gvbyl, c­vwUcvm, K¨v½viæ,
9. D`vniY Nwoqvj, †MvLiv mvc, K”Qc
m¨vjvgvÛvi, mvB‡ib KvK wZwg, Wjwdb, DU, ev`yo
[m~Î: MvRx AvRgj, Av: Avjxg]
 †giæ`Ûx I A‡giæ`Ûx cÖvwYi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv :
Zzjbxq welq †giæ`Ûx cÖvwY A‡giæ`Ûx cÖvwY
1. †giæ`Û c„ô ga¨‡iLv eivei _v‡K Ges K‡kiæKvhy³| Abycw¯’Z
2. ¯œvqyi¾y duvcv, †`‡ni c„ô‡`‡k Aew¯’Z| wb‡iU, †`‡ni A¼xq †`‡k Aew¯’Z|
3. cÖwZmvg¨ wØcvk^x©q AcÖwZmg, Aixq ev wØcvk^x©q|
4. ürwcÛ †`‡ni A¼xq‡`‡k hw` _v‡K Z‡e c„ô‡`‡k|
5. wn‡gv‡M­vweb memgq †jvwnZ KwYKvi Af¨šÍ‡i hw` _v‡K Z‡e i³i‡m `ªexf~Z Ae¯’vq|
6. gw¯Í®‹ memgqB _v‡K Ges K‡ivwUi Af¨šÍ‡i myiw¶Z hw` _v‡K, Z‡e Zv K‡ivwU w`‡q Ave„Z bq|

 DfPiiv jvf©v `kvq dzjKv Ges c~Y©v½ Ae¯’vq dzmdzm, Z¡K I gyLweeixq wgDKvm wSwj­ Øviv k^vmKvh© Pvjvq| G‡`i kxZwb`ªv
(hibernation) †`Lv hvq|
 †g‡mvRwqK hyM‡K mixm„c hyM ejv nq|
 cvwL‡`i Ògwngvwš^Z mixm„cÓ (Glorified reptiles) ejv nq (Thomus Huxley)|
 ¯Íb¨cvqx nIqv m‡Ë¡I wWg cv‡o (Platypus ev nsmPòz)|
 wb¤œ‡kÖwYi †giæ`Ûx cÖvwY ejv nq gvQ I DfPi‡`i|
 D”P‡kÖwYi †giæ`Ûx cÖvwY ejv nq mixm„c, cvwL I ¯Íb¨cvqx‡`i|
 cvwL‡`i ÷vb©vg †bŠKvi gZ Kxj (Keel) MVb K‡i| k^mbh‡š¿ kã Drcv`bKvix wmwi¼m we`¨gvb|
 cvwL‡`i wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq †h wel‡q Ornithology.
 gvQ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq †h wel‡q Ichthyology.
 mixm„c I DfPi‡`i wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq †h wel‡q Herpetology.
 ¯Íb¨cvqx‡`i wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq †h wel‡q Mammology.
 A¨vwi÷Uj cÖvYxwe`¨vi RbK|
 cÖRbb cÖK…wZi Dci wfwË K‡i Mammalia †K wZbwU Subclass ev Dc‡kÖwY‡Z fvM Kiv nq:
Subclass Z_¨
 _j_‡j Pvgovi g‡Zv AveiYhy³ wWg cÖme K‡i|
Subclass-1  †VuvU ZzÛvKvi; ¯Íbe„šÍ, `vuZ, ewnKY© †bB|
Prototheria
 g‡bvwUªg: Giv †iPb-Rbb-cwicvKZ‡š¿i Rb¨ Awfbœ wQ`ªc_ enb K‡i|
(wWgcÖmex ¯Íb¨cvqx)
 we¯Í…wZ: A‡÷ªwjqv I wbDwMwb|
 D`vniY: nsmZzÛ c­vwUcvm, Lv‡UvZzÛ GwKWbv|
 mij ai‡bi Agivwewkó (Choriovitelline; †KvwiIb I Kzmyg _wj mgš^‡q MwVZ)|
Subclass-2  ¯¿x cÖvwY‡Z gvimywcqvg bvgK _wj _v‡K|
Metatheria  `ywU Rivqy I `ywU ‡hvwb|
(gvm©ywcqvj)  we¯Í…wZ: A‡÷ªwjqv, Zvmgvwbqv, wbDwMwb, ga¨ I `w¶Y Av‡gwiKv|
 D`vniY: jvj K¨v½viæ, fvwR©wbqv A‡cvmvg, ‡Kvqvjv|
 cÖK…Z ai‡bi Agivwewkó (Chorioallantoic; ‡KvwiIb I A¨vjvbU‡qm m¤^b‡q MwVZ)|
Subclass-3  m¤ú~Y© cwiùzUbKv‡j GB Agiv cywó`vb K‡i|
Eutheria
 ¯ÍbMÖwš’ AZ¨šÍ myMwVZ|
(cÖK…Z Agivai ¯Íb¨cvqx)
 GKwU †hvwb _v‡K; ïµvkq mvaviYZ ‡¯ŒvUvj _wj‡Z Ae¯’vb K‡i|
 D`vniY: ïïK, evsjvi evN, †bswU Bu`yi|
 GK‡Î me †iPb I Pjb A½:
†iPb A½ ce© Pjb A½ ce©/Dcce©
wkLv †Kvl, †cÖv‡Uv‡bwd«wWqv Platyhelminthes KvBwUbgq wmwU ev †ckj Annelida
ev †mv‡j‡bvmvBU c¨viv‡cvwWqv
†bwd«wWqv Annelida bvwjKv c` (Tube feet) Echinodermata
g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv Arthropoda cv I Wvbv Arthropoda
g¨vjwcwRqvb ewW Chordata cvLbv ev c` Vertebrata
†cÖv‡Uvwbwd«wWqv Urochordata
 GK‡Î me we‡kl bvg:
bvg we‡kl bvg/Aci bvg bvg we‡kl bvg/Aci bvg
Porifera wQ`ªvj cÖvYx/ ¯úÄ Urochordata mvMi †dvqviv (Sea squirt)
cÖevj cÖvPxi MVb (c„w_exi
Cnidaria Ab¨Zg iZœfvÛvi)/ mgy‡`¨i Protochordat Avw`g KW©vUv
Rain Forest/ mgy‡`ªi dzj
Platyhelminthes P¨vÞvK…wg Vertebrata Craniata
Nemathelminthes/
Nematoda †MvjK…wg (Round worm)/ Myxini n¨vMwdk (Hagfish)
myZvK…wg (Thread worm)
Mollusca K‡¤^vR cÖvYx Cephalaslpidomophi j¨vg‡cÖ (Lamprey)
iwk¥gq cvLbvwewkó gvQ
Annelida A½yixgvj Actinopterygii
(Ray-finned fishes)
wcÐvKvi-cvLbvwewkó gvQ
Arthropoda mwÜc`x cÖvYx Sarcopterygii
(Lobe-finned fishes)
Echinodermata KÈKZ¡K cÖvYx
 eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ (MCQ) mg~n

 gv‡R`v g¨vWv‡gi eB‡qi mgvavb:  cÖvYx cÖwZmvg¨Zv

01. †bwd«wWqv cvIqv hvq †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z? [Xv. †ev. 18] weovj, †Ku‡Pv wØ-cvk^x©q cÖwZmg
K. Cnidaria L. Platyhelminthes nvBWªv Aixq cÖwZmg
M. Annelida N. Mollusca kvgyK AcÖwZmg
DËi: M 06. Arthropoda c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z cvIqv hvq †KvbwU?
e¨vL¨v: [e.†ev. 17, wm. †ev. 15]

†iPb A½ ce© K. c¨viv‡cvwWqv L. i¨vWzjv

1. wkLv †Kvl cøvwU‡njwgb‡_m M. wn‡gvwmj N. bvwjKv c`
DËi: M
2. †bwd«wWqv A¨vwbwjWv
e¨vL¨v:
3. g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv
A½ ce©
4. †bd«b KW©vUv
c¨v‡iv‡cvwWqv A¨vwbwjWv
02. Echinodermata c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU? [Xv. †ev. 18, P. †ev. 15]
i¨vWzjv gjv¯‹v
K. cvwb msenbZš¿ L. cyÄvw¶
wn‡gvwmj gjv¯‹v I Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv
M. wkLv †Kvl N. i³ msenbZš¿
bvwjKv c` GKvB‡bvWvg©vUv
DËi: K
07. Kjv msMVb gvÎvi ce© n‡jvÑ [h. †ev. 17]
e¨vL¨v:
K. Porifera L. Cnidaria
ˆewkó¨ ce©
M. Nematoda N. Chordata
cvwb msenbZš¿ GKvB‡bvWvg©vUv
DËi: L
cyÄvwÿ Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv
e¨vL¨v:
03. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYx A¨vwm‡jv‡gU? [e. †ev. 17]
gvÎv ce©
K. Ascaris lumbricoides L. Taenia solium †Kvl gvÎv cwi‡div
M. Metaphire posthumas N. Julus terrestri wUmy¨/Kjv gvÎv wbWvwiqv
DËi: L A½ gvÎv cøvwU‡nj
e¨vL¨v: Zš¿ gvÎv †bgv‡UvWv †_‡K KW©vUv
cÖvYx ce© wm‡jvg 08. †Kvb cÖvYxi RxebPµ dzjKv k^mb we`¨gvb? [wm. †ev. 17]
Ascaris †bgv‡UvWv wmD‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU K. e¨vO L. mvc M. K”Qc N. Wjwdb
Taenia cøvwU‡njwgb‡_m A¨vwm‡jv‡gU DËi: K
Metaphire I A¨vwbwjWv BDwm‡jv‡gU e¨vL¨v: e¨vOvwP _vKv Ae¯’vq e¨vO dzjKv w`‡q k^mb cwiPvjbv K‡i|
09. mgy`ª Zvivi cÖwZmvg¨Zv †Kvb ai‡bi? [iv. †ev. 17]
Julus
K. wØcvk^x©q L. †Mvjxq M. cÂ-Aixq N. wØ-Aixq
04. Myxini †kÖwYi cÖvYxi dzjKvi‡Ü«i msL¨v KqwU? [e. †ev. 17]
DËi: M
K. 1 †Rvov L. 7 †Rvov e¨vL¨v: mgy`ª Zvivi cÂ-Aixq cÖwZmg|
M. 5-7 †Rvov N. 5-15 †Rvov 10. gjv¯‹v c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z cvIqv hvq- [Xv. †ev., h. †ev. 16]
DËi: N K. i¨vWzjv L. †bwd«wWqv
e¨vL¨v: Myxini †kÖwYi cÖvYxi dzjKvi‡Ü«i msL¨v 5-15 †Rvov| M. Uª‡Kv‡dvi jvf©v N. U¨vMgvUv
05. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYxwU Aixqfv‡e cÖwZmg? [Xv. †ev. P. †ev. 17] DËi: K
K. weovj L. †Ku‡Pv e¨vL¨v: gjv¯‹v c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z †iwZ wRnŸv ev i¨vWzjv cvIqv hvq|
M. kvgyK N. nvBWªv 11. Scoliodon laticaudus-Gi AuvBk †Kvb ai‡bi? [Xv. †ev. 16]
DËi: N K. mvBK¬‡qW L. cøvK‡qW M. wUb‡qW N. M¨vb‡qW
e¨vL¨v: DËi: L
e¨vL¨v: KwÛªKw_m †kÖwYi cÖvYx‡Z cø¨vK‡qW AvuBk cvIqv hvq|
12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU kxZj i³wewkó cÖvYx? [Xv. †ev. 16] e¨vL¨v:
K. Cavia porcellus L. Naja naja MVb ce©
M. Copsychus saular is N. Panthera tigris Aw÷qv, w¯úwKDj cwi‡div
DËi: L i¨vWzjv gjv¯‹v
e¨vL¨v: mwim„c †kÖwYi cÖvYxiv kxZj i³wewkó| Naja naja c¨viv‡cvwWqv A¨vwbwjWv
ev †MvLiv mvc mwim„c †kÖwYi| 20. Ôiwk¥gq cvLbv wewkó gvQÕ (Ray finned fishes) bv‡g
13. wb‡Pi †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i my¨‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU ejv nq? [iv. †ev. 16] cwiwPZ †Kvb †kÖwY? [Kz. †ev. 16]
K.cwi‡div L.wbWvwiqv M. †bgv‡UvWv N. gjv¯‹v K. Myxini L. Chondrichthyes
DËi: M M. Actinopterygii N. Sarcopterygii
e¨vL¨v: DËi: M
ce© wm‡jvg
e¨vL¨v: Actinopterygii †kÖwYi gvQ mg~n Ôiwk¥gq
cwi‡div, wbWvwiqv I A¨vwm‡jv‡gU
cvLbvwewkó gvQ (Ray finned fishes) bv‡g cwiwPZ|
cøvwU‡njwgb‡_m
21. †KvbwU AcÖwZmg cÖvYx? [P. †ev. 16]
†bgv‡UvWv wmD‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU
K. Bwjk L. ZvivgvQ M. nvBWªv N. A¨vwgev
gjv¯‹v †_‡K KW©vUv BDwm‡jv‡gU
DËi: N
14. KuvUvhy³ Z¡K wewkó ce© - [iv. †ev., w`. †ev, Kz. †ev. 16]
e¨vL¨v: A¨vwgev AcÖwZmg cÖvYx|
K. Mollusca L. Annelida 22. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYxwU MVbMZfv‡e mijZg? [w`. †ev. 16]
M. Echinodermata N. Cnidaria
K. Hydra L. Taenia M. Pila N. Spongilla
DËi: N
DËi: N
e¨vL¨v: Echinodermata c‡e©i cÖvYxi Z¡K KuvUvhy³ Ges
e¨vL¨v: Spongilla cwi‡div c‡e©i cÖvYx hviv MVbMZfv‡e
ZvB G‡`i‡K KÈKZ¡K cÖvYx ejv nq|
mijZg|
15. Sarcopterygii †kÖwYi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv- [h. †ev. 16]
23. cÖwZmvg¨Zv n‡jv - [w`. †ev. 16]
K. M¨vb‡qW AuvBk L. mvBK¬‡qW AuvBk
K. wZbwU åƒf¯Íiwewkó `kv
M. †nv‡gvmvK©vj †jR N. †n‡U‡ivmvK©vj †jR
L. †h †Kv‡bv Z‡ji wfwˇZ cÖvYxi Avw½K Ae¯’vb
DËi: K
M. GKB ai‡bi LÐvskwewkó Ae¯’v
e¨vL¨v: Sarcopterygii †kÖwYi gv‡Q M¨vb‡qW AuvBk cvIqv hvq|
N. cÖvYx‡K K‡qKwU A‡j wefvR‡bi c×wZ
16. †Kvb c‡e©i mKj cÖvYxB mvgyw`ªK? [h. †ev. 16, e. †ev. 15]
DËi: L
K. cwi‡div L. GKvB‡bvWvg©Uv
e¨vL¨v: †h †Kv‡bv Z‡ji wfwˇZ cÖvYxi Avw½K Ae¯’vb‡K
M. A¨vwbwjWv N. Av‡_©ªv‡cvWv
cÖwZmvg¨Zv e‡j|
DËi: L
24. †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi me‡P‡q eo GKK †KvbwU? [e. †ev. 16]
e¨vL¨v: GKvB‡bvWvg©Uv c‡e©i mKj cÖvYxB mvgyw`ªK I gy³Rxex|
17. †kÖwYKi‡Yi †h †Kvb av‡ci Rb‡Mvôx‡K e‡j- [h. †ev. 16]
K. Phylum L. Class M. Order N. Family
K. cÖRvwZ L. MY M. U¨v·b N. ce© DËi: K
DËi: M e¨vL¨v: †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi me‡P‡q eo GKK Phylum|
e¨vL¨v: †kÖwYKi‡Yi †h †Kvb av‡ci Rb‡Mvôx‡K e‡j- U¨v·b| 25. Annelida c‡e©i cÖvYxi jvf©vi bvg Kx? [wm. †ev. 16]
18. †Kvivjm Ges †Rwjwdk †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx? [h. †ev. 16] K. A¨v‡gvwmU L. †Uªv‡Kv‡dvi
K. wbWvwiqv L. GKvB‡bvWvg©vUv M. c¨v‡ibKvBgyjv N. wgivwmwWqvb
M. cwi‡div N. gjv¯‹v DËi: L
DËi: K e¨vL¨v: Annelida c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z †Uªv‡Kv‡dvi jvf©v cvIqv hvq|
e¨vL¨v: †Kvivjm Ges †Rwjwdk wbWvwiqv c‡e©i cÖvYx| 26. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z wkLv †Kvl †`Lv hvq? [Kz. w`. †ev. 15]
19. †KvbwU gjv¯‹vi ˆewkó¨? [h. †ev. 16] K. Platyhelminthes L. Cnidaria
K. Aw÷qv L. i¨vWzjv M. Nematoda N. Mollusca
M. c¨viv‡cvwWqv N. w¯úwKDj DËi: K
DËi: L e¨vL¨v: Platyhelminthes c‡e©i cÖvYxi †iPb A½ wkLv †Kvl|
27. cÖvwY‡`‡ni wewfbœ A½-cÖZ¨½ m„wó nq †Kv_v †_‡K? [Kz. †ev. 15] gy³ msenbZš¿ Mollusca, Arthropoda
K. wm‡jvg L. åƒY¯Íi e× msenbZš¿ Annelida, Chordata
M. LÐK N. b‡UvKW© cvwb msenbZš¿/Water Echinodermata
DËi: L vascular system
e¨vL¨v: cÖvwY‡`‡ni wewfbœ A½-cÖZ¨½ m„wó nq åƒY¯Íi †_‡K| 34. †nUv‡ivmvK©vj †jR cvIqv hvq †Kvb †kÖwY‡Z?
28. m¤ú~Y© Pvi cÖ‡Kvówewkó ürwcÐ †Kvb mixm„‡c †`L‡Z cvIqv [wm. †ev. 15, Xv. †ev. 19]
hvq? [Kz. †ev. 15] K. Chondrichthyes L. Amphibia
K. Kzwgi L. wUKwUKv M. Osteichthyes N. Reptilia
M. K”Qc N. mvc DËi: K
DËi: K e¨vL¨v: Chondrichthyes †kÖwYi (w÷s †i, nv½i) gv‡Qi
e¨vL¨v: mwim„c‡`i ürwcÐ Am¤ú~Y©fv‡e Pvi cÖ‡Kvôwewkó| ïay †jR †nUv‡ivmvK©vj|
gvÎ Kzwg‡i m¤ú~Y© Pvi cÖ‡Kvôwewkó ürwcÐ †`L‡Z cvIqv hvq| 35. Rxevk¥ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq †h kvLvq- [wm. †ev. 15]
29. †KvbwU fvwU©‡eªU? [iv. †ev. 15] K. Ecology L. Evolution
K. wPswo gvQ L. Zviv gvQ M. Limmology N. Palaeontology
M. †Rwj wdk N. KvZjv gvQ DËi: N
DËi: N e¨vL¨v: Palaeontology †Z Rxevk¥ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv nq|
e¨vL¨v: KvZjv gv‡Qi b‡UvKW© †giæ`Ð Øviv cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nq| 36. cÖK…Z †Pvqvj I †Rvo Dcv½wenxb Ges ZiæYvw¯’gq grm¨‡Mvôx
ZvB Giv fvwU©‡eªU| †Kvb †kÖwYi AšÍM©Z? [w`. †ev. 15]
30. wm‡jvgnxb ce© †KvbwU? [iv. †ev. 15]
K. Cephalaspidomorphi L. Chondrichthyes
K. Nematoda L. Annelida M. Actinopterygii N. Sarcopterygii
M. Platyhelminthes N. Mollusca DËi: K
DËi: M e¨vL¨v: cÖK…Z †Pvqvj I †Rvo Dcv½wenxb Ges ZiæYvw¯’gq
e¨vL¨v: Porifera, Cnidaria I Platyhelminthes grm¨‡Mvôx Cephalaspidomorphi †kÖwYi AšÍM©Z|
wm‡jvgnxb ce©| 37. Aves- Gi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv - [h. †ev. 17,15]
31. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK bq? [h. †ev. 15]
i. Dò i³wewkó ii. †`n †jv‡g Ave„Z
K. †Ku‡Pv-†bwd«wWqv L. Zviv gvQ-cvwb msenbZš¿
iii. Aw¯’ evqyc~Y©
M. wPswo-wn‡gvwmj N. †MvjK…wg-†d¬g‡Kvl
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ?
DËi: N
K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i,ii I iii
e¨vL¨v: †MvjK…wg‡Z bq P¨vÞv K…wg‡Z †d¬g‡Kvl ev wkLv †Kvl
DËi: L
†iPb A½ wn‡m‡e cvIqv hvq|
e¨vL¨v: Aves- Gi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv - (i) Dò i³wewkó, (ii)
32. AcÖwZmg ej‡Z Kx eySvq? [P. †ev. 15]
K. †h‡Kv‡bv Z‡j mgvbfv‡e fvM Kiv hvq †`n cvj‡K Ave„Z, (iii) Aw¯’ evqyc~Y©, (iv) Dò i³wewkó|
L. †Kv‡bv Z‡jB mgvbfv‡e Kiv hvq bv 38. †h c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z i³ msenbZš¿ I k^mbZš¿ Abycw¯’Z Zv
M. GKevi gvÎ `ywU mgvbfv‡e fvM Kiv hvq n‡jv- [Kz. †ev. 17]

N. Dj¤^fv‡e †h‡Kv‡bv Z‡j `ywU mgvbfv‡e fvM Kiv hvq i. Platyhelminthes ii. Nematoda
DËi: L iii. Mollusca
e¨vL¨v: AcÖwZmg ej‡Z eySvq †Kv‡bv Z‡jB mgvbfv‡e Kiv hvq bv| wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
33. †Kvb c‡e© cvwb msenbZš¿ †`Lv hvq? [P. †ev. 15]
K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i,ii I iii
K. Porifera L. Arthropoda DËi: K
M. Annelida N. Echinodermata e¨vL¨v: Platyhelminthes I Nematoda A_©vr K…wg
DËi: N RvZxq cÖvYx‡Z i³ msenbZš¿ I k^mbZš¿ Abycw¯’Z|
e¨vL¨v: Echinodermata c‡e© cvwb msenbZš¿ †`Lv hvq|
Zš¿ ce©
bvwjZš¿/ Canal system Porifera
▶ wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 39 I 30 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI: 44. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwU n‡jv- [iv. †ev. 17]
AwgZ mgy`ª‰mKZ †_‡K ÷viwdm I GKwU nvOi msMÖn Kij| i. Scoliodon laticaudus ii.Tenualosa ilisha
iwb Zv‡K ejj-Zvi msM„nxZ †k‡lv³ cÖvYxwU gvQ n‡jI iii. Labeo rohita
cÖ_gwU wKš‘ gvQ bq|[wm. †ev., Kz. †ev., P. †ev., h. †ev., w`. I iv. †ev-18] wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
39. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g cÖvYxwU †Kvb ce©f~³? K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i,ii I iii
K. Cnidaria L. Arthropoda DËi: M
M. Echinodermata N. Chordata e¨vL¨v: iwk¥gq cvLbv wewkó gvQ Tenualosa ilisha I
DËi: M Labeo rohita.
e¨vL¨v: ÷viwdm Echinodermata ce©f‚³|
40. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g cÖvYxwU †k‡lv³ cÖvYx †_‡K c„_K Kivi wfwË
n‡jv -
i. k^mb †KŠkj ii. AšÍtK¼vj iii. Avevm¯’j ▶ Dc‡ii wPÎ †_‡K 45 I 46 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
45. Q wP‡Î †Kvb ai‡Yi cÖwZmvg¨Zv †`Lvq? [h. †ev. 16]
K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i,ii I iii
K. Aixq L. †Mvjxq M. AcÖwZmg N. wØcvk^x©q
DËi: K
DËi: K
e¨vL¨v: ÷viwd‡mi k^mb wUDewdU w`‡q m¤úbœ nq Ges Gi
AšÍtK¼vj Pzbgq †cøU w`‡q MwVZ| Ges Aciw`‡K nv½‡ii e¨vL¨v: Q wP‡Îi cÖvYxwU mx A¨vwbgb (Metridium) hv Aixq
dzjKv I Ziæbvw¯’gq K¼vj i‡q‡Q| cÖwZmg|
▶ wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU j¶ Ki Ges 41 I 42 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI: 46. DÏxc‡Ki R wP‡Îi cÖvYxwUi c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ n‡jv - [h. †ev. 16]
i. mwÜhy³ Dcv½ ii. wkLv †Kvl iii. cyÄvw¶
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K. i I ii L. ii I iii M. i I iii N. i,ii I iii
41. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwU †Kvb c‡e©i? [Xv. †ev. 17] DËi: M
K. Cnidaria L. Nematoda e¨vL¨v: DÏxc‡Ki R wP‡Îi cÖvYxwU cÖRvcwZ hv Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv
M. Annnelida N. Platyhelminthes c‡e©i cÖvYx| G‡`i wkLv‡Kvl _v‡K bv|
DËi: N ▶ wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 47 I 48 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
e¨vL¨v: DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwU hK…ZK…wg hv Platyhelminthes c‡e©i| iwdK wgDwRqv‡g iw¶Z wekvj AvK…wZi nvOi gvQ †`‡L
42. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwU- [Xv. †ev. 17] Avbw›`Z n‡jv -
i. A¨vwm‡jv‡gU ii. †iPb A½ wkLv †Kvl iii. gy³Rxex 47. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwU †Kvb †kÖwYi AšÍf~©³? [wm. †ev. 16]
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK ? K. Sarcopterygii L. Actinopterygii
K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i,ii I iii M. Chondrichthyes N. Cnidaria
DËi: K DËi: M
e¨vL¨v: DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwU- A¨vwm‡jv‡gU, †iPb A½ e¨vL¨v: cÖvYxwU Chondrichthyes †kÖwYi AšÍf~©³|
wkLv †Kvl I ciRxex ai‡bi|
48. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv - [wm. †ev. 16]
▶ wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 43 I 44 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
i. †`n cø¨vK‡qW AuvB‡k Ave„Z
†kÖwYK‡¶ Zvwbqv `ywU cÖvYx wb‡q †`Lj G‡`i cvLbv iwk¥
we`¨gvb| †m AviI Rvbj D³ cÖvbxi b¨vq mKj cÖvYxiB ii. cy”Q cvLbv †nvgvmvK©vj
ˆeÁvwbK bvg Av‡Q| iii. 5-7 †Rvov dzjKviÜ«
43. DÏxcK Abymv‡i cÖvYxi we‡kl bv‡gi cÖeZ©b †K? [iv. †ev 17]
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K. AMv÷ †n‡Kj L. K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i,ii I iii
M. †Rvnvb †g‡Ûj N. R¨vKe †K¬Bb DËi: L
DËi: L e¨vL¨v: nv½i KwÛªKw_m †kÖwYi cÖvYx| Gi †`n cø¨vK‡qW
e¨vL¨v: K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm‡K cÖvYxi ˆeÁvwbK bvgKi‡Yi AuvB‡k Ave„Z, cy”Q cvLbv †nUv‡ivmvK©vj I 5-7 †Rvov
RbK ejv nq| dzjKviÜ« we`¨gvb|
▶ DÏxc‡Ki wfwˇZ 49 I 50 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI: 04. giæf‚wg, ebf‚wg, Z…Yf‚wg BZ¨vw` †Kvb ai‡bi ˆewPΨ?
K. ev¯‘Zvwš¿K L. wRbMZ
M. cÖRvwZMZ N. cÖvK…wZK
DËi: K
e¨vL¨v: giæf‚wg, ebf‚wg, Z…bf‚wg BZ¨vw` ev¯‘Zvwš¿K ˆewPÎ|
49. DÏxc‡Ki N ‡Kvb ce©fz³ cÖvYx ? [h. †ev. 15] 05. A‡ÿi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ †i‡L cÖvwY‡`‡ni wewfbœ As‡ki
K. Cnidaria L. Nematoda wefvRb‡K wK e‡j?
M. Platyhelminthes N. Annelida K. cÖvwšÍKZv L. cÖwZmvg¨Zv
DËi: K M. LÐvqb N. †gUv‡gwiRg
e¨vL¨v: DÏxc‡Ki N n‡jv nvBWªv hv Cnidaria ce©fz³ cÖvYx| DËi: L
50. DÏxc‡Ki M wPwýZ cÖvYx‡Z †Kvb ˆewkó¨ †`Lv hvq? [h. †ev. 15] e¨vL¨v: A‡ÿi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨ †i‡L cÖvwY‡`‡ni wewfbœ As‡ki
K. †cŠwóc‡Ki mvaviYZ †cuPv‡bv KL‡bv U AvKv‡ii wefvRb‡K cÖwZmvg¨Zv e‡j|
L. k^vmbZš¿ I i³ msenbZš¿ Dcw¯’Z 06. †kÖwYweb¨vm ¯Í‡ii me©wb¤œ avc †KvbwU?
M. G‡`i †`n Dfwjw½K K. Order L. Family
N. †`nMnŸ‡ei duv‡K duv‡K evqyhy³ c¨v‡ibKvBgv †Kvl M. Genus N. Species
we`¨gvb DËi: N
DËi: M e¨vL¨v: †kÖwYweb¨vm ¯Í‡ii me©wb¤œ avc Species|
e¨vL¨v: DÏxc‡Ki M wPwýZ cÖvYxwU P¨vÞv K…wg| Giv 07. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i mgy‡`ªi dzj eiv nq?
Dfwjw½K| K. Cnidaria L. Platyhelminthes
M. Porifera N. Mollusca
DËi: K
e¨vL¨v: Cnidaria c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i mgy‡`ªi dzj/mgy‡`ªi Rain
 Avãyj Avjxg m¨v‡ii eB‡qi mgvavb:  Forest ejv nq|
01. †kÖwYweb¨vmwe`¨vi RbK †K? 08. cÖvwYRM‡Zi wØZxq e„nËg ce© †KvbwU?
K. Carolus Linnaeus L. George Benthum K. Cnidaria L. Platyhelminthes
M. Theophrastus N. de Candolle M. Porifera N. Mollusca
DËi: K DËi: N
e¨vL¨v: †kÖwYweb¨vmwe`¨vi RbK Carolus Linnaeus| e¨vL¨v: cÖvwYRM‡Zi e„nËg ce© Arthropoda I wØZxq e„nËg
02. cÖvwY‡`‡n m`„k GKvwaK As‡ki ˆiwLK ev Aby‰`wN¨©K ce© Mollusca|
cybive„wˇK e‡j- 09. G‡Ûv÷vBj †KvbwUi mgms¯’ A½?
K. cÖvwšÍKZv L. cÖwZmvg¨Zv K. wcUzBUvwi MÖwš’ L. j¨vwi·
M. LÐvqb N. †gUv‡gwiRg M. _vBi‡qW MÖwš’ N. Ubwmj
DËi: N DËi: M
e¨vL¨v: cÖvwY‡`‡n m`„k GKvwaK As‡ki ˆiwLK ev Aby‰`wN¨©K e¨vL¨v: KW©vUv c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z åƒYve¯’vq G‡Ûv÷vBj _v‡K hv
cybive„wˇK e‡j †gUv‡gwiRg| cieZx©‡Z _vBi‡qW MÖwš’‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ nq| ZvB Zviv mgms¯’ A½|
03. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z wmD‡Wvwm‡jvg †`Lv hvq? 10. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z U¨vW‡cvj bvgK jvf©v `kv I cÖZxc
K. Fasciola hepatica iƒcvšÍi †`Lv hvq?
L. Taenia solium K. Branchiostoma L. Myxine
M. Ascaris lumbricoides M. Ascidia N. Duttaphrynus
N. Metaphire posthuma DËi: M
DËi: M e¨vL¨v: BD‡iv KW©vUv Dcc‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z U¨vW‡cvj bvgK jvf©v
e¨vL¨v: Ascaris lumbricoides †MvjK…wg hv †bgv‡UvWv I cÖZxc iƒcvšÍi †`Lv hvq|
c‡e©i cÖvYx| G‡Z wmD‡Wvwm‡jvg ev AcÖK…Z wm‡jvg †`Lv hvq|
11. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYxi cwicvKZ‡š¿ _wjKvKvi ÔµcÕ Ges †ckxgq K. i I ii L. i I iii
ÔwMRvW©Õ _v‡K| M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii
K. Cavia L. Panthera DËi: M
M. Columba N. Duttaphrynus e¨vL¨v: DccÖRvwZ m„wó nq cÖRvwZi Rbb wew”QbœZvi Kvi‡Y
DËi: M Ges †fŠ‡MvwjK wew”QbZvi Kvi‡Y|
e¨vL¨v: Columba livia ev KeyZi A¨vwfm †kÖwYi hv‡`i 18. Aixq cÖwZmv‡g¨i D`vniY nj-
cwicvKZ‡š¿ _wjKvKvi ÔµcÕ Ges †ckxgq ÔwMRvW©Õ _v‡K| i. Hydra ii. Taenia iii. Astropecten
12. wb‡Pi †Kvb ce©wU †iwWqvUvi AšÍf©y³? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K. Arthropoda L. Annelida K. i I ii L. i I iii
M. Cnidaria N. Mollusca M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii
DËi: M DËi: L
e¨vL¨v: cÖvYxRM‡Z `ywU ce© Cnidaria I Ctenophora ce© e¨vL¨v: Aixq cÖwZmv‡g¨i D`vniY- Hydra I
`ywU †iwWqvUvi AšÍf©y³| Giv wدÍix I Aixq cÖwZmg| Astropecten| Taenia wØcvk^x©q cÖwZmg|
13. Porifera c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi jvf©v cvIqv hvq? 19. Echinodermata c‡e©i ˆewkó¨-
K. cøvbyjv L. U¨vW‡cvj i. Aixq cÖwZmg ii. cvwb msenb Zš¿ iii. bvwjKv c`
M. mviKvwiqv N. A¨vwùeøv÷zjv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
DËi: N K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii
e¨vL¨v: Porifera c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z A¨vwùeøv÷zjv I c¨v‡ibKvBgyjv DËi: N
jvf©v hvq| e¨vL¨v: Echinodermata c‡e©i ˆewkó¨- Aixq cÖwZmg,
14. kvgyK R¦i m„wó K‡i †Kvb ciRxex? cvwb msenb Zš¿ Ges bvwjKv c`|
K. Schistosoma L. Plasmodium 20. LÐKvq‡bi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv-
M. Taenia N. Ascaris i. A¨v‡bwjWv c‡e©i cÖvwY‡`‡n evwn¨K I Af¨šÍixb LÐKvqb
DËi: K †`Lv hvq
e¨vL¨v: Schistosoma M‡Yi wKQz K…wg kvgyK R¦i/Snail ii. KW©vUv c‡e©i cÖvwY‡`‡n Af¨šÍixb LÐKvqb †`Lv hvq
Fever m„wó K‡i| iii. LÐKvqb cÖvYx‡K Pj‡b mnvqZv K‡i
15. †ev‡¤^ WvK †Kvb †kÖwYi cÖvYx? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K. Aves L. Chondrichthyes K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii
M. Actinopterygii N. Sarcopterygii DËi: N
DËi: K e¨vL¨v: KW©vUv c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z Af¨šÍixY Ges A¨vwbwjWv c‡e©i
e¨vL¨v: †ev‡¤^ WvK ev jBU¨v gvQ GKwU gvQ hv cÖvYx‡Z evwn¨K I Af¨šÍixY LÐKvqb †`Lv hvq| LÐKvqb
Actinopterygii †kÖwYi cÖvYx| cÖvYx‡K Pj‡b mnvqZv K‡i|
16. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYxwU mvgyw`ªK ejøv bv‡g cwiwPZ? 21. Annelida-c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ n‡jv-
K. Aurelia aurita L. Chironex fleckeri i. Pjb A½ wmUv I c¨viv‡cvwWqv
M. Loa loa N. Physalia physalis ii. RxebP‡µ Uª‡Kv‡dvi jvf©v `kv _v‡K
DËi: L iii. †`n g¨v›Uj c`©v Øviv Ave„Z _v‡K
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
e¨vL¨v: Chironex fleckeri cÖvYxwU mvgyw`ªK ejøv bv‡g
K. i I ii L. i I iii M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii
cwiwPZ hv AZ¨šÍ welv³ †Rwjwdk|
DËi: K
17. DccÖRvwZ m„wó nq cÖRvwZi-
e¨vL¨v: Annelida-c‡e©i Pjb A½ wmUv I c¨v‡ivwWqv Ges
i. Lv`¨vf¨vm wfbœZvi Kvi‡Y
RxebP‡µ Uª‡Kv‡dvi jvf©v `kv _v‡K| gjv¯‹v c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i
ii. Rbb wew”QbœZvi Kvi‡Y
†`n g¨v›Uj c`©v Øviv Ave„Z _v‡K|
iii. †fŠ‡MvwjK wew”QbœZvi Kvi‡Y
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
▶ DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 22 I 24bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:
c„w_ex‡Z GK ai‡bi †giæ`Ðx i‡q‡Q hviv Rxe‡bi cÖ_g
ch©v‡q dzjKv Ges cieZx© ch©v‡q dzmdzm Øviv k^mb Kvh©
m¤úbœ K‡i| A B C
A-Gi †`nMnŸi †g‡mbKvBg I †cwk Øviv c~Y© _v‡K|
22. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYx †Kvb †kÖwYfz³?
B-Gi †`nMnŸi †g‡mvWvg©vj †cwi‡Uvwbqvg Øviv Ave„Z _v‡K bv|
K. Amphibia L. Reptilia
C-Gi †`nMnŸi †g‡mvWvg©vj †cwi‡Uvwbqvg AveiY Øviv
M. Aves N. Mammalia
†ewóZ _v‡K|
DËi: K
24. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYxi A-ai‡bi †`nMnŸi _v‡K?
e¨vL¨v: Amphibia †kÖwYfz³ A_©vr DfPi cÖvYxiv Rxe‡bi
cÖ_g ch©v‡q dzjKv Ges cieZx© ch©v‡q dzmdzm Øviv k^mb Kvh© K. Nematoda L. Mollusca
m¤úbœ K‡i| M. Platyhelminthes N. Arthropoda
23. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †kÖwYi cÖvYx‡`i- DËi: M
i. i³ kxZj cÖK…wZi e¨vL¨v: A-ai‡bi †`nMnŸi g~jZ A¨vwm‡jv‡gU ai‡bi hv
ii. Av½yj bLihy³ Platyhelminthes c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z we`¨gvb|
iii. ürwcÐ wZb cÖ‡Kvô 25. wP‡Îi ˆewk󨸇jv mvaviYZ e¨eüZ nq-
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K. cÖvYxi bvgKi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î
K. i I ii L. i I iii L. cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb¨v‡m
M. cÖvYxi weeZ©‡bi aviv wbY©‡q
M. ii I iii N. i, ii I iii
N. cÖvYxi cÖRvwZ wbY©‡q
DËi: L
DËi: L
e¨vL¨v: DfPi †kÖwYi cÖvYx‡`i i³ kxZj cÖK…wZi Ges ürwcÐ
e¨vL¨v: wP‡Îi ˆewk󨸇jv mvaviYZ cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb¨v‡m
wZb cÖ‡Kvô wewkó| G‡`i Av½yj bLi wenxb|
e¨eüZ nq |
▶ DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 35 I 36bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI:

Ávbg~jK Ges Abyavebg~jK cÖ‡kœvËi

 Ávbg~jK: D: cÖvwY‡`‡ni ga¨‡iLxq Z‡ji `ycv‡k m`„k ev mgvb AvKvi

1. cÖvwY‰ewPΨ Kx? [Xv. †ev. 15] AvK…wZ wewkó As‡ki Ae¯’vb‡K cÖwZmvg¨Zv e‡j|
D: c„w_exi mg¯Í RjPi, ¯’jPi I †LPi cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨ †h 6. LÐKvqb Kv‡K e‡j? [P. †ev. 21, wm. †ev. 19]
wRbMZ, cÖRvwZMZ I ev¯‘ms¯’vbMZ wfbœZv †`Lv hvq †mwUB D: †Kv‡bv cÖvYxi †`n hw` Abyj¤^ A¶ eivei GKB ai‡Yi
n‡”Q cÖvwY‰ewPΨ| LЇKi µwgK cybive„wËi d‡j MwVZ nq ZLb G Ae¯’v‡K
2. wRbMZ ˆewPΨ Kx? LÐKvqb e‡j|
D: wbw`©ó ev¯‘Z‡š¿ †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó cÖRvwZi m`m¨‡`i g‡a¨ 7. AÂjvqb Kx?
wRbMZ Dcv`v‡b ˆel‡g¨i gvÎv‡K wRbMZ ˆewPΨ e‡j| D: Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`‡n K‡qKwU LÛK GKwÎZ n‡q
3. cÖRvwZMZ ˆewPΨ Kx? U¨vMgvUv m„wói gva¨‡g †`‡ni AÂjxKiY‡K AÂjvqb e‡j|
D: wfbœ wfbœ cÖRvwZi wewfbœ m`‡m¨i g‡a¨ AšÍtcÖRvwZK Ges 8. wm‡jvg Kx? [g. †ev. 22; h. †ev., w`. †ev. 21, h. †ev.; Kz. †ev. 19]
AvšÍtcÖRvwZK wfbœZvi Kvi‡Y m„ó ˆewPΨ‡K cÖRvwZMZ ˆewPΨ D: wίÍixi cÖvYxi åƒYxq †g‡mvWvg© †_‡K D™¢‚Z †h MnŸi
e‡j| †g‡mvWvg©vj †Kvl wbwg©Z †cwi‡Uvwbqvg c`©v Øviv Ave„Z _v‡K
4. wK¬‡fR Kx? [e. †ev. 21] Zv‡K wm‡jvg e‡j|
D: †h cÖwµqvq †hŠb RbbKvixi cÖvYxi GK‡Kvlx RvB‡MvU 9. †kÖwYweb¨vm Kx? [Xv. †ev. 21; w`. †ev. 22, 15]
gvB‡Uvwmm †Kvl wefvR‡bi gva¨‡g wefvwRZ n‡q eû‡Kvlx D: cÖvYx‡`i ga¨Kvi cvi¯úvwiK m¤úK©, mv`„k¨ ˆemv`„‡k¨i
åƒY m„wó K‡i Zv‡K wK¬‡fR ev m‡¤¢` e‡j| Dci wfwË K‡i G‡`i‡K `jfz³ Kivi c×wZB n‡jv
5. cÖwZmvg¨Zv Kx? [Xv. †ev. 21, Kz. †ev. 17, 15: e. †ev. 16] †kÖwYweb¨vm|
10. U¨v·b Kx? [iv. †ev. 17, h. †ev. 16]
D: U¨v·b n‡”Q †kÖwYe×MZ GKK ev †kÖwYKi‡Y e¨eüZ
cÖwZwU K¨vUvMwifz³ cÖvYxi Rb‡Mvôx ev Rb‡MvôxeM©‡K
G‡KKwU U¨v·b e‡j|
11. nvqvivwK© Kx?
D: †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi wewfbœ GKK¸‡jv‡K D”PZi †_‡K
wb¤œZi¯Í‡i web¨vm Kiv‡K nvqvivwK© e‡j|
12. cÖRvwZ Kx? [Xv. †ev. 22, 19, 17; w`. †ev. 19]
D: cÖvK…wZK cwi‡e‡k †Kv‡bv Rxe‡Mvôx hw` wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨
†hŠb wgjb NwU‡q Rbb¶g mšÍvb Drcv`‡b m¶g nq wKš‘ Ab¨
†Kv‡bv †Mvôxi mv‡_ cÖRbbMZfv‡e wew”Qbœ _v‡K ZLb H
ai‡bi Rxe‡Mvôx‡K cÖRvwZ e‡j|
13. wØc` bvgKiY Kx?
D: Rx‡ei bvgKi‡Yi AvšÍR©vwZK cÖ_v Abymv‡i cÖ_‡g M‡Yi
bvg Ges c‡i cÖRvwZi bvg e¨envi K‡i Rxe‡`i †h bvgKiY
Kiv nq Zv‡K wØc` bvgKiY ejv nq|
14. wÎc` bvgKiY Kx? [P. †ev. 21]
D: Rx‡ei bvgKi‡Yi AvšÍR©vwZK cÖ_v Abymv‡i MY, cÖRvwZ I
DccÖRvwZ bv‡gi wZbwU c` e¨envi K‡i Rxe‡`i †h bvgKiY
Kiv nq Zv‡K wÎc` bvgKiY ejv nq|
15. ICZN Kx?
D: International Commissionon Zoological
Nomenclature n‡jv cÖvYxi bvgKi‡Yi AvšÍR©vwZK ms¯’v|
16. U‡Uvwbg Kx?
D: †Kv‡bv cÖvYxi ˆeÁvwbK bv‡gi MY I cÖRvwZ As‡ki bvg
GKB n‡j Zv‡K U‡Uvwbg e‡j| †hgb Catla catla.
17. †nv‡gvwbg Kx?
D: `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK U¨v·vi ˆeÁvwbK bv‡gi evbvb hw` GKB n‡q
_v‡K ZLb †m bvg¸‡jv‡K ci¯ú‡ii †nv‡gvwbg ev mgbvg e‡j|
18. wm‡bvwbg Kx?
D: GKwU U¨v·b hLb `yB ev Z‡ZvwaK ˆeÁvwbK bv‡g cwiwPZ
nq ZLb bvg¸‡jv ci¯ú‡ii wm‡bvwbg ev cÖwZbvg e‡j|
19. wQ`ªvj cÖvYx Kx? [h. †ev. 21]
D: cwi‡div c‡e©i cÖvYxi †`‡n Aw÷qv bvgK AmsL¨ wQ`ª
_vKvq G‡`i‡K wQ`ªvj cÖvYx ejv nq|
20. ¯ú‡Ävwmj Kx? [wm. †ev. 21]
D: cwi‡div c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i bvwjZš¿ †`‡ni wfZi †h cÖk¯Í
MnŸ‡ii wgjZ nq Zv‡K ¯ú‡Ävwmj e‡j|
21. wkLv †Kvl Kx? [Kz. †ev. 16]
D: Platyhelminthes c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i †iPbZ‡š¿ AwMœwkLv
m`„k we‡klvwqZ †iPb †Kvl‡K wkLv †Kvl e‡j|
22. g¨v›Uj Kx? [P. †ev. 22]
D: gjv¯‹v c‡e©i AwaKvsk cÖvYx‡`n †h MÖwš’gq cvZjv Avei‡Y
Ave„Z Ges hvi ¶wiZ c`v‡_© Pzbgq †LvjK ˆZwi nq Zv‡K
g¨v›Uj e‡j|
23. Radula Kx?
D: Mollusca c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i gyLwe‡i KvBwUb wbwg©Z †iwZ
wRnŸv‡K i¨vWzjv (Radula) e‡j|
24. †bwd«wWqv Kx? [P. †ev., wm. †ev. 21]
D: A¨vwbwjWv c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i cÖavb †iPb A½‡K †bwd«wWqv e‡j|
25. Radula Kx?
D: Mollusca c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i gyLwe‡i KvBwUb wbwg©Z
wRnŸv‡K i¨vWzjv (Radula) e‡j|
26. c¨viv‡cvwWqv Kx? [wm. †ev. 21]
D: A¨vwbwjWv c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i †ckj Pjb A½‡K c¨viv‡cvwWqv e‡j|
27. cÖZxc iƒcvšÍi Kx/Retrogressive Metamorphosis
Kx?
D: Chordata c‡e©i Urochordata Dc-c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i
jvf©v¸‡jvi DbœZ ˆewkó¨ nvwi‡q AbybœZ ˆewkó¨ AR©b Kiv‡K
cÖZxc iƒcvšÍi ev Retrogressive Metamorphosis
e‡j|
28. j¨vg‡cÖ Kx? [X. †ev. 19]
D: miæ †`n, †PvlKhy³ gyL, †KivwUbgq `uvZ Ges A¨v‡gvwmU
jvf©v `kvwewkó gvQ¸‡jvB n‡jv j¨vg‡cÖ|
29. b‡UvKW© Kx?
D: †g‡mvWvg© D™¢‚Z †Kvl w`‡q MwVZ åƒYve¯’vq ev AvRxeb
†`‡ni c„ô-ga¨‡iLv eivei Aew¯’Z wKQzUv bgbxq, w¯’wZ¯’vcK
I wQ`ªhy³ `ЇK b‡UvKW© e‡j|
30. KW©vUv Kx?
D: †hme cÖvYxi Rxe‡b †Kvb bv †Kvb ch©v‡q c„ô-ga¨‡iLv
eivei GKwU `ÐvKvi I w¯’wZ¯’vcK Ôb‡UvKW©Õ Ges c„ôxq I
duvcv Ô¯œvqyi¾yÕ _v‡K Zv‡`i KW©vUv e‡j|
 Abyavebg~jK:
1. †kÖwYweb¨vm ej‡Z Kx eyS? [iv. †ev. 16]
D: AvK…wZMZ I cÖK…wZMZ cvi¯úwiK mv`„k¨- ˆemv`„‡k¨i
wfwˇZ wbw`©ó ixwZ Abyhvqx cÖvwY‡`i ivR¨, ce©, †kÖwY, eM©,
†MvÎ, MY I cÖRvwZ‡Z `jfz³ Kivi c×wZ‡K †kÖwYweb¨vm
e‡j|
†kÖwYweb¨v‡mi gva¨‡g mgMÖ cÖvwYRMr‡K 33wU c‡e© wef³ Kiv
n‡q‡Q| hvi d‡j Gme c‡e©i AšÍf©y³ cÖvwY‡`i m¤ú‡K© mn‡R
I Aímg‡q Ávb AR©b Kiv hvq| ZË¡xq I dwjZ Dfq
RxeweÁv‡bB †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ab¯^xKvh©|
2. Rxe‰ewPΨ ej‡Z wK eyS? [iv. †ev. 16] 6. Aixq cÖwZmg cÖvbx ej‡Z Kx eySvq? [Xv. †ev. 19, wm. †ev. 22, 19]
D: c„w_ex‡Z weivRgvb Rxemg~‡ni wRbMZ, cÖRvwZMZ I D: hLb †Kv‡bv cÖvwY‡`n‡K †K›`ªxq A¶ eivei †h †Kv‡bv
cwi‡ekMZ Kvi‡Y †h wfbœZv cwijw¶Z nq mvgwMÖKfv‡e G‡K Z‡j mgvb As‡k wef³ Kiv hvq ZLb Zv‡K Aixq cÖwZmvg¨
Rxe‰ewPΨ e‡j| e‡j|
Rxe ej‡Z AYyRxe, QÎvK, Dw™¢` I cÖvYx‡K eySvq hviv GKwU Giƒc cÖwZmgZv †hme cÖvYx‡`i †¶‡Î †`Lv hvq Zv‡`i Aixq
†_‡K AciwU wfbœ ˆewkó¨gwÐZ Ges c„_K‡hvM¨| cÖwZmg cÖvYx e‡j| nvBWªv, †Rwjwdk, mx A¨vwbgb I m¤úwK©Z
Rxe‰ewPΨZv‡K mvaviYZ wZbwU ch©v‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv hvq| †Mvwôfz³ cÖvYx hv‡`i Abyj¤^ A‡¶i GK cÖv‡šÍ gyL Aew¯’Z †m
h_v: wRbMZ ˆewPΨ, cÖRvwZMZ ˆewPΨ Ges B‡Kvwm‡÷gMZ me cÖvYx‡Z Aixq cÖwZmvg¨ †`Lv hvq|
ˆewPΨ wgwjZfv‡e m„wó K‡i Rxe‰ewPΨ| 7. wØAixq cÖwZmvg¨ ej‡Z Kx †evS? [h. †ev. 22]
3. cÖRvwZ ˆewPΨ ej‡Z Kx eyS? [Xv. †ev., e. †ev. 21] D: †Kv‡bv cÖvwY‡`‡n hLb †Kv‡bv A‡½i msL¨v GKwU wKsev
D: wewfbœ cÖRvwZi msL¨v hv GKwU wbw`©ó mg‡q I A‡j GK‡Rvov nIqvq Aby‰`N©¨ A¶ eivei ïay `ywU Zj ci¯ú‡ii
GKm‡½ emevm K‡i Ges GKwU ev¯‘Zvwš¿K m¤úª`vq M‡o
mg‡Kv‡Y AwZµg Ki‡Z cv‡i, d‡j H cÖvwY‡`n 4wU m`„k
†Zv‡j Zv‡K cÖRvwZ ˆewPΨ e‡j| Rxe‰ewP‡Î¨i †gŠwjK avc
As‡k wef³ n‡Z cv‡i| G ai‡bi cÖwZmvg¨ n‡”Q wØAixq
n‡”Q cÖRvwZ ˆewPΨ|
c„w_exi meLv‡b GKB ai‡bi Rxe evm K‡i bv eis wKQz cÖwZmvg¨| Ctenophora (wU‡bv‡dviv) ce©f³ z cÖvYxi †`n,
A‡j wbw`©ó cÖRvwZi Rb‡Mvôx Ab¨vb¨ Rb‡Mvôx A‡c¶v †hgbÑ Ceoloplana †gŠwjKfv‡e Aixq cÖwZmg n‡jI `ywU
†ewk †`Lv hvq| †hme A‡j cywó I AvenvIqvMZ Kwl©Kv _vKvq G¸‡jv wØAixq cÖwZmg cÖvYx|
Dcv`vbmg„× (†hgb- gvSvwi ZvcgvÎv, ch©vß Av‡jv I 8. U¨vMgvUvB‡Rkb ej‡Z Kx eyS? [Xv. †ev. 15]
e„wócvZ BZ¨vw`) †mme A‡j Rxe‰ewP‡Î¨i mgvnvi _v‡K D: Arthropoda ce©fz³ cÖvYxi †`n evwn¨Kfv‡e LÐvwqZ
A‡bK †ewk| G Kvi‡Y giæ I †giæ A‡ji †P‡q MÖx®§gÛjxq n‡jI AwaKvsk †¶‡Î LÐK¸‡jv ¯úó bq eis †`‡ni wewfbœ
A‡j Rxe‰ewP‡Î¨i gvÎv †ewk| †h A‡j cÖRvwZ ˆewPΨ RvqMvq wKQz LÐK GKwÎZ n‡q †`‡n K‡qKwU wbw`©ó AÂj
†ewk †m AÂj mvaviYfv‡e Rxe‰ewP‡Î¨i nU¯úU wn‡m‡e MVb K‡i| Gfv‡e m„ó cÖ‡Z¨KwU AÂj U¨vMgv bv‡g cwiwPZ|
cwiwPZ| U¨vMgv m„wói gva¨‡g †`‡ni AÂjxKiY‡K AÂjvqb ev
4. åƒYxq ¯Íi ej‡Z Kx eySvq? [iv. †ev. 22] U¨vMgvUvB‡Rkb e‡j| Av‡_ª©v‡cvWvi †kÖwYweb¨v‡m AÂjvq‡bi
D: †hŠb RbbKvix eû‡Kvlx cÖvwY‡`i RvB‡MvU wefvR‡bi ¸iæZ¡ AwaK|
gva¨‡g cwiùzU‡bi mgq e­v‡÷vwgqvi¸‡jv M¨v÷ªyjv `kv‡Z †h 9. wm‡jvg ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
me ¯‘‡i web¨v¯Í nq Zv‡`i åƒY¯Íi e‡j| D: eû‡Kvlx wίÍix cÖvwY‡`‡ni †cŠwóKbvjx I †`ncÖvPx‡ii
åƒY¯Íi wZbwU, h_v-G‡±vWvg©, †g‡mvWvg© Ges G‡ÛvWvg©| GB ga¨eZ©x Zijc~Y© MnŸi‡K wm‡jvg e‡j|
wZbwU ¯Íi †_‡K wewfbœ ai‡bi wUmy¨, A½ I Zš¿ m„wó nq|
wm‡jvg n‡”Q Ggb †`nMnŸi hv †g‡mvWvg© †_‡K D™¢‚Z Ges
åƒY¯Í‡ii Dci wfwË K‡i eû‡Kvlx cÖvwY‡`i `yÕwU fv‡M fvM
†cwi‡Uvwbqvg bvgK †g‡mvWvg©vj †Kvl ¯Í‡i Ave„Z| wm‡jvg
Kiv nq| h_v- K. wدÍix cÖvYx I L. wίÍix cÖvYx|
5. wدÍix I wίÍix cÖvYx‡`i cv_©K¨ wjL| [Kz. †ev. 22] cÖvYx †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi we‡klwfwË| wm‡jv‡gi wfbœZvi wfwˇZ
D: wدÍix I wίÍix cÖvYxi cv_©K¨: eû‡Kvlx wίÍix cÖvYx‡`i wZbwU fv‡M fvM Kiv hvq| h_v: (1)
Zzjbxq ˆewkó¨ wدÍix cÖvYx wίÍix cÖvYx A¨vwm‡jv‡gU (2) my¨‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU Ges (3) BDwm‡jv‡gU|
G‡±vWvg©, 10. ÔwmD‡Wvwm‡jvgÕ ej‡Z Kx eyS? [w`. †ev. 22]
1. åƒYxq D: AcÖK…Z wm‡jvg hy³ cÖvwY‡`i wm‡jvg‡K wmD‡Wvwm‡jvg ejv
G‡±vWvg© I G‡ÛvWvg© †g‡mvWvg© I
†Kvl¯Íi nq|
G‡ÛvWvg©
G‡±vWvg© I wmD‡Wvwm‡jvg cÖvYxiv wm‡jvgwenxb Z‡e åƒYxq cwiùzU‡bi
G‡ÛvWv‡g©i gvSLv‡b †g‡mvwM­qv mgq AšÍt¯’ duvKv ¯’vbwU‡K wN‡i KLbI KLbI †g‡mvWvg©vj
2. †g‡mvwMøqv
†g‡mvwM­qv bvgK _v‡K bv| †Kvl¯Íi Ae¯’vb K‡i| wKš‘ †Kvl¸‡jv KLbI †cwi‡Uvwbqvg
A‡Kvlxq ¯Íi _v‡K| m„wó K‡i eøv‡÷vwmj‡K m¤ú~Y© †eób K‡i bv| †bgv‡UvWv c‡e©i
3. †bgv‡Uvwm÷ Dcw¯’Z| Abycw¯’Z| cÖvwYiv wmD‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU
4. cwjc Dfq `kv ev GKwU 11. †Ku‡Pv‡K BDwm‡jv‡gU ejv †Kb? [Xv. †ev. 22]
Abycw¯’Z| D: cÖK…Z wm‡jvg hy³ cÖvwY‡`i BDwm‡jv‡gU ejv nq|
†gWzmv `kv `kv _v‡K|
M¨v‡÷ªvfv¯‹zjvi MnŸi †Ku‡Pv cÖK…Z wm‡jvghy³ cÖvYx KviY åƒYxq †g‡mvWv‡g©i Af¨šÍi
5. †`n MnŸi wm‡jvg|
ev wm‡j‡›Uib| †_‡K MnŸiiƒ‡c wm‡jvg D™¢~Z nq Ges †g‡mvWvg©vj
 Gwc‡_wjqvj †Kv‡l MwVZ †cwi‡Uvwbqvg ¯Í‡i MnŸiwU †ewóZ
_v‡K| Mollusca, Annelida, Arthropoda,
Echinodermata, Hemichordata, Chordata cÖf…wZ
ce©fz³ cÖvYx BDwm‡jv‡gU| †Ku‡Pv †h‡nZz Annelida ce©fz³
ZvB GwU‡K BDwm‡jv‡gU ejv nq|
12. U¨v·b ej‡Z Kx eyS? [Xv. †ev. 17]
D: U¨v·b n‡”Q †kÖwYe×MZ GKK| †hme cÖvYx ev
cÖvwY‡Mvôx‡K †kÖwYKi‡Yi D‡Ï‡k¨ wewfbœ avc A_©vr K¨vUvMwi
ev i¨vsK-Gi AšÍfz©³ Kiv nq †mme cÖvwY‡Mvôx‡K U¨v·b
eûeP‡b Taxa e‡j| †kÖwYKi‡Y e¨eüZ cÖwZwU K¨vUvMwifz³
cÖvYxi DËi Rb‡Mvôx ev †MvôxeM©‡K G‡KKwU U¨v·b e‡j|
†hgb: Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia G‡KKwU
U¨v·b|
13. wØc` bvgKiY ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
[g. †ev. 22, iv. †ev. 19, 17 w`. †ev. 15]
D: bvgKi‡Yi AvšÍR©vwZK wbqgvbymv‡i †Kv‡bv Rx‡ei
bvgKi‡Yi cÖ_‡g M‡Yi bvg Ges c‡i cÖRvwZi bvg e¨envi
K‡i, `yB k‡ãi mgš^‡q †h bvgKiY Kiv nq Zv‡K wØc`
bvgKiY e‡j|
myBwWm weÁvbx K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm 1758 mv‡j wØc`
bvgKi‡Yi bxwZgvjv cÖeZ©b K‡ib| †hgbÑ gvby‡li ˆeÁvwbK
bvg Homo sapiens †¶‡Î Homo n‡jv gvby‡li MY Gi
bvg Ges sapiens n‡jv gvby‡li cÖRvwZ bv‡gi wb‡`©kK|
14. wÎc` bvgKiY ej‡Z Kx eyS?
[Xv. †ev., e. †ev. 21, i. †ev. 19, 17]
D: Rx‡ei bvgKi‡Yi AvšÍR©vwZK cÖ_v Abymv‡i MY, cÖRvwZ I
DccÖRvwZ bv‡gi wZbwU c` e¨envi K‡i Rxe‡`i †h bvgKiY
Kiv nq Zv‡K wÎc` bvgKiY ejv nq|
A‡bK mgq GKwU cÖRvwZi m`m¨‡`i g‡a¨ †ek wKQz
D‡j­L‡hvM¨ A½ms¯’vwbK cv_©K¨ †`Lv hvq| †hme m`m¨‡K
ZLb H wbw`©ó cÖRvwZi Dc-cÖRvwZ wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq|
ZLb MY I cÖRvwZ mgwš^Z wØc` bvgwU Dc-cÖRvwZmn wÎc`
bv‡g cwiwPZ nq| Gfv‡e, Dc-cÖRvwZmn †Kv‡bv cÖvYxi
bvgKiY‡K wÎc` bvgKiY e‡j| D`vniYÑ Passer
domesticus niloticus (bxjb` GjvKvi Po–B cvwL)|
15. ICZN ej‡Z Kx eyS? [Xv. †ev. 17]
D: ICZN n‡jv AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e cÖvYxi bvgKi‡Yi GKwU
bxwZgvjv hvi g‡a¨ cÖvYxi bvgKi‡Yi AvšÍR©vwZKfv‡e ¯^xK…Z
bvgKi‡Yi wbqgvewj wjwce× _v‡K| Gi cy‡iv bvg n‡”Q
International Commission on Zoological
Nomenclature| ICZN KZ…©K cÖ`Ë wbqg Abyhvqx
†kÖwYweb¨v‡mi cÖwZwU Taxon Gi GKwU Avjv`v bvg †`Iqv
nq|
16. AMÖvwaKvi AvBb ej‡Z Kx †evS?
D: AMÖvwaKvi AvBb n‡jv †Kv‡bv cÖvYxi GKvwaK MY ev
cÖRvwZi bvg _vK‡j Zvi g‡a¨ GKwU wbw`©ó bvg MÖn‡Yi
bxwZgvjv| G AvBb ICZN Øviv cÖYxZ I mywbw`©ó|
B”QvgvwdK cwieZ©b ev i`e`j Kiv hv‡e bv| GKwU cÖvYxi
†m bvgB M„nxZ bvg e‡j we‡ewPZ †hwU cÖ_‡g eY©bv Kiv nq|
hw` †Kv‡bv MY ev cÖRvwZi GKvwaK bvg †`Iqv n‡q _v‡K
Zvn‡j Zvi cÖ_g ev cyivZb bvgwUB ˆea n‡e| Ab¨¸‡jv
Rywbqi wm‡bvwbg wn‡m‡e evwZj e‡j MY¨ n‡e|
17. wbWvwiqvb‡`i wدÍix cÖvYx ejv nq †Kb? [Kz. †ev. 17]
D: †h mKj cÖvYxi 僇Y `ywU gvÎ †Kvl¯Íi G‡±vWvg© I
G‡ÛvWvg© bvgK ¯Íi _v‡K Zv‡`i‡K wدÍix cÖvYx ejv nq|
Cnidaria c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i †`‡n G‡±vWvg© I G‡ÛvWvg© bvgK
`ywU ¯Íi we`¨gvb| GB `yB ¯Í‡ii gv‡S A‡Kvlxq †Rwji g‡Zv
†g‡mvwM­qv bvgK ¯Íi _v‡K| †h‡nZz Cnidaria c‡e©i
cÖvYx‡`i †`‡n `ywU ¯Íi _v‡K †h Kvi‡Y mKj wbWvwiqvb‡`i
wدÍix cÖvYx ejv nq|
18. Òb‡ji wfZi bjÓ / Tube within a Tube ej‡Z wK eyS?
D: †bgv‡UvWv c‡e©i cÖvYxi †`n‡K b‡ji wfZi bj ejv nq|
†bgv‡UvWv ev †Mvj K…wgi †cŠwóKbvwj †mvRv I kvLvnxb Ges gyL
†_‡K cvqy ch©šÍ cÖmvwiZ| †`‡L g‡b nq GKwU b‡ji wfZ‡i
Av‡iKwU bj Ae¯’vb Ki‡Q| ZvB †bgv‡UvWv c‡e©i cÖvYxi
†`n‡K b‡ji wfZi bj ai‡bi MV‡bi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv nq|
19. Craniata ej‡Z Kx eyS? [e. †ev. 19]
D: K‡W©‡Ui Z…Zxq Dce© n‡”Q Vertebrata| GwU weivU I
ˆewPΨgq cÖvwY‡MvlEVx K‡W©‡Ui †gŠwjK ˆewk󨸇jv QvovI
AviI wKQz Abb¨ ˆewkó¨ aviY Kivq G Dcce© cÖvavb¨Kvix
†Mvôx wn‡m‡e cwiMwYZ n‡q‡Q| Aw¯’gq ev ZiæYvw¯’gq
†µwbqvg (Cranium) Gi †fZi gw¯Í®‹ Ae¯’vb K‡i e‡j G
Dcc‡e©i Av‡iK bvg Craniata.
20. KW©vUv c‡e©i m`m¨‡K †Kb †giæ`Ûx ejv nq? [P. †ev. 21]
D: åƒYve¯’vq A_ev AvRxeb K‡W©‡Ui †`‡ni c„ô-ga¨‡iLv
eivei †cŠwóKbvwj I ¯œvqyi¾yi gvSLv‡b `ÐvKvi I w¯’wZ¯’vcK
wb‡iU b‡UvKW© _v‡K| KW©vUv c‡e©i fvwU©eªvUv Dcc‡e©i
cÖvwY‡`i c~Y©v½ Ae¯’vq b‡UvKW©w U †giæ`Û w`‡q cÖwZ¯’vwcZ
nq| Gme cÖvwY‡K ZLb †giæ`Ðx cÖvYx bv‡g AwfwnZ Kiv nq|
21. mvMi †dvqviv ej‡Z Kx eySvq?
D: Urochordata Dcce© cÖvq 3000wU cÖRvwZ wb‡q MwVZ|
G Dcc‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i c„w_exi me mgy`ª DcK~‡j AMfxi
cvwb‡Z cvIqv hvq| G Dcc‡e©i wKQz wKQz cÖRvwZ mvBdb
w`‡q m‡Rv‡i cvwb DrmvwiZ K‡i e‡j Urochordata
Dcc‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i mvMi †dvqviv ejv nq|
22. BD‡ivKW©vUv‡K †giæ`Ðx ejv hvq bv †Kb? 28. bbK‡W©U I K‡W©U cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wjL?
D: BD‡ivK‡W©‡Ui jvf©v AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©, †Kej jvf©v `kvq D: K‡W©U I bbK‡W©U cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨:
Ges jvf©vi †jR A‡j b‡UvKW© Dcw¯’Z _v‡K| iƒcvšÍ‡ii K‡W©U cÖvYx bb-K‡W©U cÖvYx
mgq ax‡i ax‡i b‡UvK‡W©i we‡jvc N‡U Ges †giæ`‡Ð 1. wb‡iU b‡UvKW© Av‡Q| 1. †Kv‡bv b‡UvKW© _v‡K
cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nqbv| A_©vr cwiYZ cÖvYx‡Z †giæ`Ð _v‡K bv| G bv|
Kvi‡YB BD‡ivKW©vUv‡K †giæ`Ðx ejv hvq bv| 2. G‡`i Mjwejxq dzjKviÜ« 2. †Kv‡bv dzjKviÜ« _v‡K
23. WvBwdmvK©vj †jR ej‡Z Kx eyS? [e. †ev. 19] i‡q‡Q| bv|
D: †h mKj cÖvYxi cy”Q-cvLbvi Ask `ywU GKxf‚Z n‡q Awfbœ 3. ürwcÐ _vK‡j Zv 3. me©`vB ürwcÐ Dcw¯’Z
I bgbxq cvLbv wnmv‡e †jR wN‡i Aew¯’Z H mKj cÖvYxi †cŠwóKbvwji c„ôxq w`‡K Ges Zv †cŠwóKbvwji
†jR‡K WvBwdmvK©vj †jR ejv nq| Vertebrata Dcc‡e©i AewnZ| A¼xq †`‡k Aew¯’Z|
mv‡K©vc‡UwiwR †kÖwYi cÖvYx‡`i WvBmvK©vj †jR _v‡K| †hgb 4. ¯œvqyi¾y duvcv I †`‡ni 4. ¯œvqyi¾y wb‡iU I †`‡ni
A‡÷ªwjqvb jvswdk| c„ô‡`‡k Aew¯’Z| A¼xq‡`‡k Aew¯’Z|
24. Latimeria †K Sarcopterygii ejv nq †Kb? 29. gvby‡li †kÖwYweb¨vmMZ Ae¯’vb wb‡`©k Ki|
[Kz. †ev. 21] D: gvby‡li †kÖwYweb¨vmMZ Ae¯’vb:
D: Latimeria †K Sarcopterygii ejvi KviY- K¨vUvMwi ev i¨vsK U¨v·b
1. KwVb Aw¯’wbwg©Z AšÍtK¼vjwewkó cÖvYx|
Kingdom Animalia
2. AvuBk M¨vb‡qW ai‡bi|
3. cy”Q cvLbv WvBwdmvK©vj ai‡bi| Phylum Chodata
4. cvLbv¸‡jv wcÐvKvi ev †jvewewkó| Class Mammalia
25. DfPi cÖvYx‡`i‡K G‡±v_vwg©K cÖvYx ejv †Kb? [P. †ev. 22]
Ordar Primates
D: hv‡`i kix‡ii ZvcgvÎv cwi‡e‡ki ZvcgvÎvi mv‡_
DVvbvgv K‡i Zv‡`i G‡±v_vwg©K cÖvYx e‡j| Family Hominidae
DfPi cÖvYx‡`i †`‡ni ZvcgvÎv cwi‡e‡ki ZvcgvÎvi mv‡_ Genus Homo
DVvbvgv K‡i| Giv MÖwš’gq Z¡Kwewkó| ZvB G‡`i‡K Species Homo sapiens
G‡±v_vwg©K ev kxZj i³ wewkó¨ cÖvYx ejv nq|
30. KW©vUv c‡e©i †gŠwjK ˆewkó¨ ej‡Z Kx eyS?
26. wZwg gvQ bq †Kb? [w`. †ev. 19]
D: †h me ˆekó¨ ïay gvÎ KW©vUv c‡e© cvIq hvq Zv‡`i‡K
D: wZwb R‡j evm Ki‡jI Giv ev”Pv cÖme K‡i Ges ev”Pv
KW©vUvi c‡e©i †gŠwjK ˆewkó¨ e‡j|
gvZ…¯Íb¨ `y‡» jvwjZ nq| G Kvi‡Y GwU Mammalia †kÖwYi KW©vUv c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i åƒYve¯’vq ev AvRxeb c„ô-ga¨‡iLv
Vertebrata Dcc‡e©i ¯Íb¨cvqx cÖvYx| †h‡nZz mKj gvQ R‡j eivei `ÐvKvi I w¯’wZ¯’vcK wb‡iU b‡UvKW© _v‡K| DbœZ
evm K‡i Ges wWg †_‡K ev”Pv †`q wKš‘ wZwg mivmwi ev”Pv cÖvYx‡Z GwU †giæ`Ð Øviv cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nq| b‡UvK‡W©i wVK
cÖme K‡i Ges ev”Pv ¯Íb¨cvqx| G Kvi‡Y wZwg‡K gvQ ejv Dc‡i duvcv, bjvKvi ¯œvqyi¾y _v‡K, hv DbœZ cÖvYx‡Z
hvq bv| cwiewZ©Z n‡q m¤§y‡L gw¯Í®‹ I cðv‡Z myly¤œvKvÐ MVb K‡i|
27. mKj K‡W©U †giæ`Ðx bq e¨vL¨v Ki| Rxe‡bi †h †Kvb `kvq ev AvRxeb Mjwe‡ji `ycv‡k K‡qK
[h. †ev. 19; Kz. †ev. 17] †Rvov dzjKviÜ« _v‡K, hv DbœZ cÖvYx‡Z jyß nq| GQvovI
D: mKj †giæ`ÐxB K‡W©U| KviY, KW©vUv c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i Mjwe‡ji wb‡P G‡Ûv÷vBj bvgK A½ I cvqy-cðvr †jR
mvivRxeb A_ev ïay åƒYve¯’vq †`‡ni c„ô‡`‡ki gvS eivei Dcw¯’Z _v‡K|
GKwU big, `ÐvKvi, `„p I ALÐvwqZ b‡UvKW© _v‡K| ïay
DbœZ KW©vUvq GwU †giæ`Ð Øviv cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nq| A_©vr ïay
DbœZ KW©vUv cÖvYx‡`i †giæ`Ð _v‡K, b‡UvKW© wewkó Ab¨
K‡W©U‡`i †giæ`Ð _v‡K bv| GRb¨ ejv nq mKj †giæ`Ðx
cÖvYx K‡W©U, mKj K‡W©U †giæ`Ðx bq|
 cÖ‡qvM I D”PZi `ÿZvg~jK cÖkœ

wcÖq wkÿv_x©iv, m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c×wZ‡Z wjwLZ cÖ‡kœ c~Y© b¤^i †c‡Z DËi Kivi wbw`©ó wKQz wbqg Av‡Q|
†evW© cÖYxZ DËi Kivi wbqg m¤úbœ GKwU bgybv cÖkœ I DËi †`Iqv nj| Gfv‡e DËi Ki‡j Avkv Kwi
†Zvgiv m‡e©v”P b¤^i Zzj‡Z cvi‡e (BbkvAvjøvn)|

1. wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges cÖkœ¸‡jv DËi `vI:

P Q R
wdZv K…wg †Mvj K…wg iB gvQ

K. cÖRvwZ Kx?
L. AixqcÖwZmg cÖvYx ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?
M. DÏxc‡Ki P, Q I R cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨ wm‡jvg-Gi wfbœZv i‡q‡Q e¨vL¨v Ki|
N. DÏxc‡Ki R cÖvYxwU Q A‡cÿv DbœZ we‡kølY Ki|

cÖkœ b¤^i `ÿZv wkÿv_x©iv cvi‡e cÖZ¨vwkZ Dˇii bgybv

K 1 Ávb aviYv/ Z_¨ ¯§iY Ki‡Z cÖRvwZ n‡jv Ggb GKwU Rxe‡Mvôx hviv wb‡R‡`i g‡a¨ †hŠb wgj‡b Ges
De©i mšÍvb Drcv`‡b mÿg, wKš‘ cÖvq Abyiƒc ˆ`wnK MVb wewkó wbKUZg
Rxe‡Mvôx n‡Z Rbbm~‡Î Avjv`v|
L 1 Ávb aviYv/ Z_¨ ¯§iY Ki‡Z †Kv‡bv cÖvYxi †`n‡K hw` †K›`ªxq j¤^ Aÿ eivei †K‡U m`„k `yB‡qi †ewk
msL¨K Aa©vs‡k fvM Kiv hvq, ZLb †m ai‡bi cÖwZmvg¨‡K Aixq
cÖwZmvg¨ e‡j|
2 Abyaveb aviYv/ Z_¨ ¯§iY Ki‡Z nvBWªv, †Rwjwdk, mx A¨vwbgb I m¤úwK©Z †Mvwôfz³ cÖvYx hv‡`i Abyj¤^
GK cÖv‡šÍ gyL Aew¯’Z †m me cÖvYx‡Z Aixq cÖwZmvg¨ †`Lv hvq|
M 1 Ávb aviYv/ Z_¨ ¯§iY Ki‡Z wm‡jvg nj †cŠwóK bvjx I †`ncÖvPx‡ii ga¨eZ©x dvuKv ¯’vb hv †g‡mvWvg©vj
†cwi‡Uvwbqvg wUmy¨i AveiY Øviv Ave„Z _v‡K|
2 Abyaveb aviYv/ Z_¨ e¨vL¨v DÏxc‡Ki P, Q, R cÖvYx¸‡jv h_vµ‡g A¨vwm‡jv‡gU, my¨‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU
Ki‡Z Ges BDwm‡jv‡gU| wb‡¤œ G‡`i wfbœZv eY©bv Kiv n‡jv:
3 cÖ‡qvM ¯§iYK…Z aviYv/Z_¨ 1. A¨vwm‡jv‡gU (Acoelomate): Gme cÖvYxi †`‡n wm‡jv‡gi cwie‡Z©
Abyaveb K‡i Zv bZzb åƒYxq cwiùyU‡bi mgq AšÍt¯’ dvuKv ¯’vbwU (eøv‡÷vwmj) †g‡mvWvg©vj ¯úwÄ
cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z c¨v‡ibKvBgv (spongy parenchyma) †Kv‡l c~Y© _v‡K| Porifera,
Cnidaria, Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes ce©fy³ cÖvYxiv
A¨vwm‡jv‡gU| †h‡nZz P ev wdZv K…wg‡Z Gme ˆewkó¨ we`¨gvb Ges Giv
Platyhelminthes c‡e©i AšÍM©Z, ZvB GwU A¨vwm‡jv‡gU|
2. my¨‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU (Pseudocoelomate) ev AcÖK…Z-wm‡jv‡gU: Gme
cÖvYxI wm‡jvgwenxb Z‡e åƒYxq cwiùzU‡bi mgq AšÍt¯’ duvKv ¯’vbwU‡K
(eøv‡÷vwmj) wN‡i KLbI KLbI c~Y© †Kvl¯Íi ev †cwi‡Uvwbqvg m„wó K‡i
eøv‡÷vwmj‡K m¤ú~Y© †eób K‡i bv| Nematoda, Rotifera,
Kinorhyncha cÖf…wZ ce©fz³ cÖvYxiv my¨‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU| †h‡nZz Q ev
†Mvj K…wg‡Z Gme ˆewkó¨ we`¨gvb Ges Giv Nematoda c‡e©i AšÍM©Z
 ZvB GwU my¨‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU|
3. BDwm‡jv‡gU (Eucoelomate) ev cÖK…Z wm‡jv‡gU: G¸‡jv cÖK…Z
wm‡jvghy³ cÖvYx KviY åƒYxq †g‡mvWv‡g©i Af¨šÍi †_‡K MnŸiƒ‡c wm‡jvg
D™¢‚Z nq Ges Pvcv, †g‡mvWvg©vj Gwc‡_wjqvj †Kv‡l MwVZ †cwi‡Uvwbqvg
¯Í‡i m¤ú~Y© †ewóZ _v‡K| BDwm‡jv‡gU‡`i A‡cÿvK…Z DbœZ cÖvYx g‡b
Kiv nq| Mollusca, Annelida, Arthropoda,
Echinodermata, Hemichordata & Chordata cÖf„wZ ce©f‚³
cÖvYxiv K‡W©U| †h‡nZz R ev iæB gv‡Q Gme ˆewkó¨ we`¨gvb Ges Giv
Chordata c‡e©i AšÍM©Z, ZvB GwU BDwm‡jv‡gU|
A_©vr Av‡jvPbvi †cÖwÿ‡Z ejv hvq DÏxc‡K P, Q I R cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨
wm‡jvg Gi wfbœZv i‡q‡Q|
N 1 Ávb aviYv/ Z_¨ ¯§iY Ki‡Z DÏxc‡K 2wU cÖvYx Q I R h_vµ‡g †MvjK…wg Ges iæB gvQ|
2 Abyaveb aviYv/ Z_¨ e¨vL¨v G‡`i g‡a¨ †MvjK…wg bb-KW©vUv c‡e© AšÍf©y³ Ges iæB gvQ KW©vUv c‡e©i
Ki‡Z AšÍf©y³|
3 cÖ‡qvM ¯§iYK…Z aviYv/Z_¨ bb-K‡W©U I K‡W©‡Ui g‡a¨ KW©vUv c‡e©i cÖvYxiv AwaK DbœZ| wb‡P Zv
Abyaveb K‡i Zv bZzb e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡jv
cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z
4 D”PZi ¯§iYK…Z aviYv/ Z_¨ i. KW©vUv c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z åƒYve¯’vq ev AvRxeb c„ô-ga¨‡iLv
`ÿZv Abyaveb K‡i Zv bZzb eivei `ÐvKvi I w¯’wZ¯’vcK wb‡iU b‡UvKW© _v‡K| iæB gv‡Q
cwiw¯’wZ‡Z cÖ‡qv‡Mi
gva¨‡g Zv we‡kølY/
GwU †giæ`Ð Øviv cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nq| Aciw`‡K †MvjvK…wgi Rxe‡b
ms‡kølY g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z KL‡bvB b‡UvKW© _v‡K bv|
ii. iæB gv‡Q b‡UvK‡W©i wVK Dc‡i duvcv, bjvKvi ¯œvqyi¾y
_v‡K, hv DbœZ cÖvYx‡Z cwiewZ©Z n‡q m¤§y‡L gw¯Í®‹ I cðv‡Z
myly¤œvKvÐ MVb K‡i| wKš‘ †MvjK…wg‡Z Ggb †Kvb MVb _v‡K bv|
iii. iæB gv‡Qi Rxe‡bi †h †Kvb `kvq ev AvRxeb Mjwe‡ji
`ycv‡k K‡qK †Rvov dzjKviÜ« _v‡K, hv DbœZ cÖvYx‡Z jyß
iv. iæB gv‡Qi ürwcÐ A¼xq‡`‡k Ae¯’vb K‡i| wKš‘
†MvjK…wg‡Z †Kvb i³ msenbZš¿ _v‡K bv|
v. iæB gv‡Qi †`n cÖK…Z wm‡jvghy³ wKš‘ †MvjK…wg AcÖK…wZ
wm‡jvghy³|
Giƒc myweavRbK DbœZ MVb‰ewkó¨ _vKvi Kvi‡Y KW©vUv c‡e©i
cÖvYxiv A‡giæ`Ðx cÖvYx‡`i Ici AvwacZ¨ we¯Ívi K‡i| myZivs
Dc‡iv³ ˆewk󨸇jv ch©‡eÿY Ki‡j †`Lv hvq †k‡lv³ iæB
gvQ †MvjK…wg A‡cÿv DbœZ|
 DËicÎ g~j¨vq‡bi we‡eP¨ welqmg~n
m„Rbkxj cÖ‡kœi bgybv Dˇii †ÿ‡Î

cÖkœ bs 1 b¤^i b¤^i cÖ`vb wb‡`©wkKv

K 1 bgybv Dˇii Abyiƒc Ávb Ask/ cÖRvwZi msÁv †jL‡j cixÿv_x© 1 b¤^i cv‡e|
2 bgybv Dˇii Ávb Ask Abyaveb Ask †jL‡j 2 b¤^i cv‡e|
L
1 bgybv Dˇii Abyiƒc †Kej Ávb Ask †jL‡j 1 b¤^i cv‡e|
3 bgybv Dˇii Abyiƒc Ávb Ask, Abyaveb Ask I cÖ‡qvM Ask †jL‡j 3 b¤^i cv‡e|
M 2 bgybv Dˇii Abyiƒc Ávb Ask I Abyaveb Ask †jL‡j 2 b¤^i cv‡e|
1 bgybv Dˇii Abyiƒc †Kej Ávb Ask †jL‡j 1 b¤^i cv‡e|
4 bgybv Dˇii Abyiƒc Ávb Ask, Abyaveb Ask, cÖ‡qvM Ask I D”PZi `ÿZv Ask †jL‡j 4 b¤^i cv‡e|
3 bgybv Dˇii Abyiƒc Ávb Ask, Abyaveb Ask I cÖ‡qvM Ask †jL‡j 3 b¤^i cv‡e|
N
2 bgybv Dˇii Abyiƒc Ávb Ask I Abyaveb Ask †jL‡j 2 b¤^i cv‡e|
1 bgybv Dˇii Abyiƒc †Kej Ávb Ask †jL‡j 1 b¤^i cv‡e|

2. wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU j¶¨ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jv DËi `vI:

A B C
M. DÏxc‡Ki A wPwýZ cÖvYxwUi MvVwbK ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki|
N. DÏxc‡Ki B I C wPwýZ c‡e©i Zzjbvg~jK mv`„k¨ I ˆemv`„k¨ Av‡jvPbv Ki|

DËi-M: DÏxc‡Ki A wPwýZ cÖvYxwU Scypha gelatinosum hv cwi‡div c‡e©i cÖvwY|

Giv cÖvPxbZg I mij cÖK…wZi cÖvYx| †`n AmsL¨ †Kv‡l wbwg©Z n‡jI †Kvl¸‡jv wUmy¨ MVb K‡i bv| †`ncÖvPxi evB‡ii w`‡K
wcbv‡KvWvg© I wfZ‡ii w`‡K †Kvqv‡bvWvg© bvgK `ywU †Kvl¯Í‡i web¨¯Í _v‡K| †`ncÖvPx‡i Aw÷qv bvgK AmsL¨ wQ`ª _v‡K| †`‡n
msenbZ‡š¿i weKí wn‡m‡e cvwb cÖev‡ni Rb¨ ˆewkó¨c~Y© bvwjZš¿ †`Lv hvq| w¯úwKDj bvgK AmsL¨ Pzbgq ¶z`ª KuvUv A_ev ¯úwÄb
bvgK GK ai‡bi ˆReZš‘ †`‡ni KvVv‡gv MVb K‡i| bvwjZš¿ †`‡ni wfZ‡i Aew¯’Z ¯ú‡Ävwmj bv‡g GKwU cÖk¯Í MnŸ‡i wgwjZ nq,
Ges kxl©cÖv‡šÍ AmKz¨jvg bv‡g GKwU eo cÖvwšÍK wQ`ªc‡_ †`‡ni evB‡i Db¥y³ nq|
A_©vr Av‡jvPbvi †cÖw¶‡Z ejv hvq DÏxc‡Ki A wPwýZ cÖvYxwUi kvixwiK MVb †ek ˆewPÎgq|

DËi-N: DÏxc‡Ki B wPwýZ cÖvYxwU hK…ZK…wg hv cøvwU‡njwgb‡_m c‡e©i m`m¨ Ges C wPwýZ cÖvYxwU †MvjK…wg hv †bgv‡UvWv c‡e©i
m`m¨| G‡`i g‡a¨ wKQz mv`„k¨ I ˆemv`„k¨ ce© i‡q‡Q|

mv`„k¨:
1. DfqB K…wg, wίÍix, wØcvk^©xq cÖwZmg I †`nZ¡K wKDwUKj Ave„Z|
2. i³ msenb I k^mbZš¿ Abycw¯’Z|
3. Df‡qi RxebP‡µ jvf©v`kv i‡q‡Q|
ˆemv`„k¨:
1. P¨vÞvK…wg wUmy¨ A½ gvÎvi, †MvjK…wg A½Zš¿ gvÎvi|
2. P¨vÞv K…wgiv A¨vwm‡jv‡gU n‡jI †Mvj K…wg wmD‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU|
3. wdZv K…wgiv Dfwj½ n‡jI myZv K…wgiv †hŠb wØiæcZv cÖ`k©b K‡i|
A_v©r Av‡jvPbvi †cÖw¶‡Z †`Lv hvq †h Dfq c‡e©i g‡a¨ †ek wKQz mv`„k¨ Ges ˆemv`„k¨ we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q|
3. wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU j¶¨ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jv DËi `vI:
QK-1 QK-2 QK-3
g¨v›Uj c`©v m¤úbœ †bwd«wWqv †iPb A½ g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv
cÖvYx ce© wewkó cÖvYx ce© †iPb A½ wewkó cÖvYx ce©

M. QK-1 Gi cÖvYx‡`i kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki|

N. QK-2 I QK-3 Gi cÖvYx‡`i ˆewkó¨ mg~‡ni Zzjbvg~jK cv_©K¨ †`LvI|

DËi-M: QK-1 c‡e©i cÖvYxiv gjv¯‹v c‡e©i cÖvYx| gjv¯‹v c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i c„ôxq †`n cÖvPxi n‡Z ˆZwi g¨v›Uj c`©v Øviv †`‡ni †fZ‡ii
g¨v›Uj MnŸi Ave„Z _v‡K| gjv¯‹v c‡e©i cÖvYxi kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ wb¤œiƒc:
1. †`n big, gvsmj ALÐKvwqZ I wίÍix|
2. wm‡jv‡gU, AwaKvsk wØ-cvk^x©q cÖwZmg Ges my¯úó gv_vwewkó|
3. g¨v›Uj †_‡K ¶wiZ c`v‡_© †LvjK MwVZ nq|
4. †`nMnŸi Lye msw¶ß I wn‡gvwmj G cwiYZ nq|
5. †`‡ni A¼xq †`‡k †gvUv Pvgov cÖk¯Í gvsmj wc‡Ûi g‡Zv c` (Foot) G iƒcvšÍwiZZ nq|
6. gyLwee‡i KvBwUb wbwg©Z GKwU †iwZ-wRnŸv ev i¨vWzjv _v‡K|
7. i‡³ wn‡gvmvqvwbb iÄK I A¨vwg‡evmvBU KwYKv _v‡K|
D`vniY: Pila globasa (Av‡cj kvgyK)|
DËi-N: DÏxc‡Ki QK-2 ce©wU n‡jv Annelida (A¨vwbwjWv) I QK-3 ce©wU n‡jv Arthropoda| G‡`i g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK
cv_©K¨¸‡jv n‡jv:
welq Annelida ce© Arthopoda ce©
1. LÛKvqb †`‡n AvswUi b¨vq GKvwaK mgiƒc LÐK wb‡q MwVZ| †`n LÛKvwqZ Ges mywbw`©ó AÂjvqb wewkó|
2. PjbA½ wmwU/ c¨viv‡cvwWqv/ Abycw¯’Z| †`nLÛ‡K GK‡Rvov mwÜhy³ cv we`¨gvb|
3. †`n MnŸi wm‡jvg Zij Øviv c~Y©| i³ Øviv c~Y© †_‡K wn‡gvwmj MVb K‡i|
†bB| wKQz †¶‡Î KvBwUbgq wmwU (Setae) †`Lv †`n KvBwUb wbwg©Z|
4. KvBwUb
hvq|
5. i³ msenbZš¿ e× Db¥y³|
6. †iPb A½ (cÖavb) †bwd«wWqv g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv|
Dfwj½ A_ev GKwj½, A‡bK †¶‡Î A‡hŠb cÖRbb ¯¿x-cyiæl c„_K, AšÍtwb‡lK m¤úbœ nq|
7. Rbb
N‡U|
iƒcvšÍi †`Lv hvq bv| cwiùzU‡b †Uªv‡Kv‡dvi bvgK AwaKvskB wWg cv‡o| cwiùzU‡b iƒcvšÍi †`Lv
8. iƒcvšÍi jvf©vi weKvk N‡U| hvq| RxebP‡µ wcDcv, jvf©v I wbç `kv †`Lv
hvq|
A_©vr QK †_‡K cÖZxqgvb nq †h D³ ce© `yBwUi g‡a¨ †ek cv_©K¨ we`¨gvb|
4. wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU j¶¨ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jv DËi `vI:
Avq‡i Avq wU‡q
bv‡q fiv w`‡q,
bvÕwb‡q †Mj †evqvj gv‡Q
ZvB bv †`‡L †fuv`o bv‡P
I‡i †fuv`o wd‡i Pv
†LvKvi bvPb †`‡L hv|

M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g 2wU cÖvYx †h †kÖwYfz³ Zvi bvg, 3wU K‡i ˆewkó¨ I 1wU K‡i D`vniY `vI|
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl 2wU cÖvYx GKB c‡e©i GKB †kÖwYf‚³ Av‡jvPbv Ki|

DËi-M: DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g cÖvYxwU wUqv cvwL| GwU Aves †kÖwYfz³ cÖvYx|
Gi 3wU ˆewkó¨
1. †`n cvj‡K Ave„Z, DÇqb A½ wn‡m‡e AMÖc` `ywU Wvbvq iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q‡Q|
2. †Pvqvj `uvZwenxb PÂz‡Z cwiYZ n‡q‡Q|
3. Pvi cÖ‡Kvô wewkó ürwcÐ i‡q‡Q|
D`vniY: †`v‡qj (Copsychus saularis)
DÏxc‡Ki wØZxq cÖvYxwU †evqvj gvQ| GwU A¨vKwU‡bvc‡UwiwR †kÖwYfz³ cÖvYx|
Gi 3wU ˆewkó¨
1. Z¡K mvBK¬‡qW ev wUb‡qW AvuB‡k Ave„Z|
2. cy”Q-cvLbv †nv‡gvmvK©vj|
3. Pvi‡Rvov dzjKv wb‡q k^mb A½ MwVZ|
D`vniY: iæB gvQ (Labeo rohita)
DËi-N: DÏxc‡Ki †kl 2wU cÖvYx n‡jv †fuv`o I gvbyl| Giv `yÕR‡bB KW©vUv c‡e©i fvwU©eªvUv Dcc‡e©i g¨vgvwjqv ev ¯Íb¨cvqx †kÖwYi
cÖvYx|
Dfq cÖvYxB Dò i³ wewkó Ges †`n †jv‡g Ave„Z| Df‡qiB cwibZ ¯¿x cÖvYx‡Z Kvh©Kwi ¯ÍbMÖwš’ †_‡K ¶wiZ gvZ…`y‡» beRvZK
jvwjZ nq| ewntK‡Y© wcbv I ga¨K‡Y© 3wU ¶z`ªvw¯’ _v‡K| `ywU Aw·wcUvj KÛvBj Øviv K‡ivwU †giæ`‡Ði mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K| gvsmj
Wvqvd«vg ev ga¨”Q`v w`‡q e¶ I D`i MnŸi c„_K _v‡K| G‡`i ürwcÛ m¤ú~Y© PvicÖ‡Kvôx i³ msenbZš¿ DbœZ, wØ-Pµxq msenb
we`¨gvb| wb‡lK Af¨šÍixY cÖvq mK‡jB RivqyR A_©vr ev”Pv cÖme K‡i| cwiYZ †jvwnZ i³KwYKv wbDwK¬qvmwenxb|A_©vr
Av‡jvPbvi †cÖw¶‡Z †`Lv hvq Dfq cÖvYxi wmsnfvM ˆewkó¨B ¯Íb¨cvqx †kÖwYi| ZvB Giv DfqB ¯Íb¨cvqx †kÖwYi AšÍf©~³|
5. wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU j¶¨ K‡iv Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| [g. †ev. 21]
mvw`K Zvi K‡j‡Ri wgDwRqv‡g Zviv gvQ, nv½i gvQ Ges iæB gvQ †`L‡jv|
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g cÖvYxwUi ce©MZ ˆewkó¨ Av‡jvPbv Ki|
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ cÖvYx `ywU GKB ce©f³z n‡jI Avjv`v †kÖwYi we‡k­lY Ki|

DËi-M: DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g cÖvYxwU n‡jv Zviv gvQ hv GKvB‡bvWvg©vUv c‡e©i cÖvYx| wb‡P Gi ce©MZ ˆewkó¨ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv
GKvB‡bvWvg©vUv c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ wb¤œiƒc:
1. c~Yv© ½ cÖvYx cÂAixq cÖwZmg|
2. †`n KÈKgq, ¯úvBb I †cwWwmjvwi bvgK ewntK¼vjhy³|
3. †`n †gŠwLK I we‡gŠwLK Z‡j web¨¯Í; †gŠwLK Z‡j cuvPwU A¨v¤^yj¨vµvj Lv` Dcw¯’Z|
4. †cwkgq I w¯’wZ¯’vcK bvwjKv c` Pjb A½ wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|
5. †`‡ni wfZ‡i wm‡jvg †_‡K m„ó Abb¨ Mo‡bi cvwb msenbZš¿ i‡q‡Q|

DËi-N: DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ cÖvYx `ywU h_vµ‡g Ziæbvw¯’gq (nv½i) Ges Aw¯’gq gvQ (iæB)| DfqB fvwU©eªvUv Dcc‡e©i AšÍf©y³
n‡jI nv½i KwÛªKw_m Ges iæB gvQ A¨vKwU‡bvc‡UwiwR †kÖYxi AšÍf©y³| wb‡P KwÛªKw_m I A¨vKwU‡bvc‡UwiwR †kÖYxi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
†`Lv‡bv n‡jv
Av‡jvP¨ welq Chondrichthyes Actinopterygii
1. evm¯’vb mevB mvgyw`ªK| mvgyw`ªK I wgVvcvwbevmx|
2. Z¡KveiY cøvK‡qW AvuBk w`‡q Ave„Z| mvaviYZ M¨vb‡qW, ¯^vBK¬‡qW ev wUb‡qW AvuB‡ki †`n
Ave„Z; †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv †¶‡Î AvuBk wenxb|
3. AšÍtK¼vj ZiæYvw¯’ wbwg©Z| cÖavbZ Aw¯’ wbwg©Z|
4. gyLwQ`ª g¯Í‡Ki AMÖfv‡M Aew¯’Z; e„nr I Aa©P›`ªvKvi| g¯Í‡Ki cÖv‡šÍ Awe¯’Z; wewfbœ AvK…wZi|
5. cy”Q-cvLbv AcÖwZmvg¨ †n‡Uv‡ivmvK©vj| cÖwZmvg¨ †n‡gvmvK©vj ev WvBdvBmvK©vj|
6. dzjKv iÜ« 5-7 †Rvov iÜ« Db¥y³ _v‡K| 1 †Rvov iÜ« AcivKzjvg w`‡q XvKv|
7. cUKv Abycw¯’Z Dcw¯’Z|
8. †iPb eR©¨ BDwiqv| A¨v‡gwbqv|
9. wb‡lK AšÍtwb‡lK N‡U| ewntwb‡lK N‡U|
10. D`vniY Eusphyran blochii (nvZzix nv½i)| Tenualosa ilisha (Bwjk)|
 "র#না এমিসইিকউ 4াক#স গাইড
cÖvwYweÁvb cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I †kÖwYweb¨vm

Aa¨vq cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I †kÖwYweb¨vm

01
hv Aek¨B co‡Z n‡e:
 cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi wfwË [M: 21-22, 19-20,  Mollusca [M: 18-19]
17-18, 14-15, 13-14, 12-13]  Annelida [M: 21-22, 13-14]
 Cnidaria [M: 15-16]  Arthropoda [M: 12-13]
 Nematoda [D: 08-09]  Vertebrata I Vertebrata Gi †kÖwYweb¨vm [M: 19-20, 18-19]

 welqwfwËK weMZ eQ‡ii MCQ Ges m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx 

09. c„w_exi Avw`cÖvYx †h c‡e©i AšÍfy©³ Zv n‡jv-(†g.f.c. 12-13)
⬔ cÖvYxi wewfbœZv ev cÖvwY‰ewPΨ A. wm‡jbUv‡iUv B. cwi‡div
C. †cÖv‡Uv‡Rvqv D. KW©vUv
m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx
m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx
01. wb‡¤œv³ †Kvb ai‡bi ˆewPΨ †`Lv hvq bv?
A. wRbMZ B. cÖRvwZMZ 10. †KvbwU †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi wfwË bq?
C. ev¯‘Zvwš¿K D. ev‡qvgMZ [Ref:AvRgj] A. wK¬‡fR B. åƒY¯Íi
02. †h A‡j cÖRvwZ ˆewPΨ †ewk †m AÂj‡K wK e‡j? C. †`‡ni AvKvi D. †`‡ni AvK…wZ
A. nUGwiqv B. Rxe ˆewP‡Î¨i nU¯úU e¨vL¨v: ‡kÖ w Yweb¨v‡mi wfw˸‡jv n‡jv: †`‡ni AvKvi, msMVb
C. Rxe‰ewP‡Î¨i GjvKv D. Rxe‰ewP‡Î¨i jvBdjvBb gvÎv, Rxeb c×wZ, wK¬‡fR, åƒY¯Íi, cÖwZmvg¨, Zj, wm‡jvg
BZ¨vw`| [Ref: AvRgj]
[Ref: AvRgj]
11. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z †Kvl-wUmy¨ gvÎvi MVb †`Lv hvq?
03. Rxe‰ewP‡Î¨i †gŠwjK avc †KvbwU? A. Porifera B. Cnidaria
A. wRbMZ ˆewPΨ B. cÖRvwZMZ ˆewPΨ C. Chordata D. Platyhelmintlnes
C. MVbMZ ˆewPΨ D. ev¯‘Zvwš¿K ˆewPΨ [Ref:AvRgj]
[Ref:AvRgj] 12. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`‡n Aixq wK¬‡fR †`Lv hvq?
⬔ cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi wfwË A. Annelida B. Mollusca
C. Arthropoda D. Chordata [Ref:AvRgj]
13. wίÍix cÖvwY‡`‡ni gv‡Si ¯ÍiwU‡K wK e‡j?
weMZ eQ‡ii cÖkœvejx A. G‡ÛvWvg© B. G‡±vWvg©
C. †g‡mvWvg© D. GwcWvg© [Ref: AvRgj]
04. ÔcÖRvcwZÕ Gi cÖwZmvg¨Zv †Kvb ai‡bi? (†g.f.c. 21-22) 14. ‡Mvjxq cÖwZmv‡g¨i D`vniY †KvbwU?
A. Aixq B. wØ-Aixq C. wØcvk^x©q D. AcÖwZmvg¨ A. Volvox B. Hydra
05. wm‡jvgnxb ce© †KvbwU? (†g.f.c. 19-20) C. Ceoloplana D. Pila globosa
A. Annelida B. Fasciola hepatica e¨vL¨v: †Mvjxq cÖ w Zmvg¨: Volvox, Radiolaria, Heliozoa
C. Nematoda D. Chordata Aixq cÖwZmvg¨: Hydra
06. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wØAixq cÖwZmvg¨ cÖvYxi D`vniY? (†g.f.c. 17-18) wØAixq cÖwZmvg¨: Ceoloplana
A. nvBWªv B. †Rwjwdk C. wU‡bv‡dviv D. mx A¨vwbgb AcÖwZmvg¨: Pila globosa [Ref: AvRgj]
07. åvšÍ wm‡jvgfy³ cÖvYxi ce© †KvbwU? (†g.f.c. 14-15) 15. Nematoda c‡e© i cÖ v wY‡Z †Kvb wm‡jvg †`Lv hvq?
A. Acoelom B. Pseudocoelom
A. Cnidaria B. Platyhelminthes C. Eucoelom D. Enterocoelom
C. Nematoda D. Arthopoda [Ref: AvRgj]
08. hLb †Kvb cÖvYxi †`n‡K Aÿ eivei †Q` Ki‡j GKeviI DËigvjv
mgvb `ywU As‡k fvM Kiv hvq bv ZLb Zv‡K AcÖwZmvg¨ e‡j- 01.D 02.B 03.B 04.C 05.B 06.C
wb‡¤œi †Kvb cÖvYxwU AcÖwZmvg¨? (†g.f.c. 13-14) 07.C 08.C 09.C 10.D 11.B 12.C
A. nvBWªv B. †Zjv‡cvKv C. kvgyK D. e¨vO 13.C 14.A 15.B
113
 cÖvwYweÁvb cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I †kÖwYweb¨vm
16. b‡UvK‡W©i ˆewkó¨ bq †KvbwU? 25. ci¯úi †hŠbwgj‡b mÿg cÖvwY‡Mvôx‡K ejv nq?
A. G‡ÛvWvg© D™¢‚Z B. w¯’wZ¯’vcK A. cÖRvwZ B. †MvÎ
C. wQ`ªhy³ D. bgbxq [Ref: AvRgj] C. eM© D. †kÖwY [Ref: gv‡R`v]
17. wK¬‡fR cÖwµqvq m„ó åƒYxq AcZ¨ †Kvl‡K Kx e‡j? 26. †kÖwYe×MZ GKK †KvbwU?
A. eøv‡÷vwgqvi B. giæjv C. eøv÷yjv D. Ggeªv‡qv A. i¨vsK B. K¨vUvMwi
e¨vL¨v: wK¬‡fR cÖw µqvq m„ó 僇Yi cÖ_g wb‡iU `kv‡K giæjv e‡j| C. U¨v·b D. LÛKvqb [Ref:AvRgj]
 duvcv eøv÷zjv m„wói gva¨‡g wK¬‡f‡Ri mgvwß N‡U| 27. wØc` bvgKiY c×wZ cÖeZ©b K‡ib-
[Ref:gv‡R`v] A. j¨vgvK© B. K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm
18. †KvbwU wØ-åƒY¯Íix ce©? C. †kø‡Rj D. nv·wj [Ref:AvRgj]
A. Chordata B. Annelida 28. wb‡Pi †KvbwU KW©vUv c‡e©i ˆewkó¨?
C. Platyhelminthes D. Cnidaria A. b‡UvKW© Abycw¯’Z B. ürwcÛ c„ôxq
e¨vL¨v: Platyhelminthes †_‡K ïiæ K‡i Chordata ce© C. wn‡gv‡Møvweb cøvRgvq _v‡K D. †ncvwUK †cvU©vjZš¿ we`¨gvb
ch©šÍ mKj cÖvYx wίÍix| [Ref:AvRgj] [Ref:gv‡R`v]
19. wb‡Pi †Kvb c‡e© evwn¨K I Af¨šÍixY Dfq LÛKvqb cvIqv hvq? 29. wÎc` bvgKiY c×wZi cÖPjK †K?
A. A¨vwbwjWv B. KW©vUv A. j¨vgvK© B. K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm
C. gjv¯‹v D. Av‡_©ªv‡cvWv C. nv·wj D. †kø‡Rj
e¨vL¨v: e¨vL¨v:  K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm wØc` bvgKiY c×wZ cÖeZ©K
# Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i †Kej evwn¨K LÛKvqb †`Lv hvq  j¨vgvK©, AwR©Z ˆewk‡ó¨i eskvbyµg gZev`wU †`b
# KW©vUv c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`‡n Af¨šÍixY LÛKvqb †`Lv hvq|  †kø‡Rj wÎc` bvgKiY c×wZi cÖPjb K‡ib| [Ref:AvRgj]
[Ref:gv‡R`v]
⬔ Porifera ce©
20. wb‡Pi †KvbwU A¨vwm‡jv‡gU?
A. Porifera B. Nematoda
C. Annelida D. Chordata m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx
e¨vL¨v: A¨vwm‡jv‡gUt Porifera, Cnidaria,
30. Porifera-Gi mv‡_ mswkøó bq †KvbwU?
Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes. [Ref:AvRgj]
A. Ostia B. Spicule
21. wm‡jvg †Kvb åƒY¯Íi n‡Z AvMZ? C. Choanocyte D. Coelenteron
A. G‡±vWvg© B. †g‡mvWvg© e¨vL¨v: Coelenteron Cnidaria c‡e©i †ewkó¨| [Ref: AvRgj]
C. G‡ÛvWvg© D. Wvwg©m [Ref:gv‡R`v]
31. Porifera c‡e©i cÖvwY‡`‡n †KvbwU Dcw¯’Z?
22. wm‡jvg Gi AveiYxi bvg wK? A. cwicvK Zš¿ B. i³msenbZš¿
A. †cwiKvwW©qvg B. †cwi‡Uvwbqvg C. bvwjZš¿ D. ¯œvqyZš¿ [Ref: gv‡R`v]
C. G‡Ûv‡_wjqvg D. wcøDiv 32. Porifera c‡e©i cÖvYxiv †Kvb ai‡bi?
e¨vL¨v: ürwc‡Ûi AveiYx- †cwiKvwW©qvg; A. †Mvj cÖvYx B. K‡¤^vR cÖvYx
dzmdzm Gi AveiYx - wcøDiv| [Ref:AvRgj]C. wQ`ªvj cÖvYx D. K›UKZ¡K cÖvYx
23. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU c¨viv‡Rvqv ce©fz³? e¨vL¨v:  K‡¤^vR cÖvYx-Mollusca
A. Porifera B. Cnidaria  KÈKZ¡K cÖvYx- Echinodermata [Ref:AvRgj]
C. Chordata D. Mollusca 33. †Kvb ce©wU‡Z †Kvlxq gvÎvi MVb wewkó cÖvYx cvIqv hvq?
e¨vL¨v: Cnidaria ‡_‡K Chordata ch©šÍ mKj cÖvYx A. Porifera B. Nematohelminthes
G‡›U‡iv‡Rvqv| [Ref:AvRgj]C. Platyhelminthes D. Cnidaria [Ref:AvRgj]
⬔ cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi bxwZ 34. Porifera- Gi ˆewkó¨ bq †KvbwU?
A. †`ncÖvPxi Aw÷qvhy³ B. w¯úwKDj _v‡K
m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx C. c~Y©v½ cÖvYxiv mPj D. AšÍtcÖvPx‡i †Kvqv‡bvmvBU _v‡K
[Ref:AvRgj]
24. bbKW©vUv cÖvwY‡`i †`‡n †Kvb ˆewkó¨wU cvIqv hvq bv? 16.A 17.A 18.D 19.A 20.A 21.B
A. wn‡gv‡Møvweb B. ¯œvqyi¾y 22.B 23.A 24.C 25.A 26.C 27.B
C. Mjwejxq dzjKviÜ« D. ürhš¿ [Ref: AvRgj] 28.D 29.D 30.D 31.C 32.C 33.A
34.C
114
 cÖvwYweÁvb cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I †kÖwYweb¨vm
35. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Porifera ce©fz³? 44. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Cnidaria c‡e©i cÖvYxi †ÿ‡Î mZ¨ bq?
A. Scypha gelatinosum B. Hydra vulgaris A. wØAixq cÖwZmvg¨ B. †KvlÑwUmy¨gvÎvi cÖvYx
C. Metaphire posthuma D. Homo sapiens C. cÖvwY¸‡jv AwaKvsk wbðj D. wKQz m`m¨ gy³ mvZviæ
e¨vL¨v: Hydra vulgaris  Cnidaria e¨vL¨v: Cnidaria c‡e©i cÖvYx Aixq cÖwZmvg¨| [Ref:AvRgj]
Homo sapiens  Chordata 45. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Cnidaria c‡e©i kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨?
Metaphire posthuma  Annelida [Ref:gv‡R`v] A. †`ncÖvPxi wUª‡cøveøvw÷K
36. †MwgDj Øviv A‡hŠb cÖRbb N‡U †Kvb c‡e©i? B. Dfq ¯Í‡ii ga¨eZ©x ¯’v‡b †Rwji b¨vq †Kvlxq †g‡mvwMøqv _v‡K
A. Porifera B. Cnidaria C. cwicvK wµqv AšÍt†Kvlxq ev ewnt†Kvlxq
C. Nematoda D. Annelida [Ref:gv‡R`v] D. eû‡Kvlxq I wØAixq cÖwZmg
37. mijZg cÖK…wZi cÖvYx †KvbwU? e¨vL¨v: Giv wW‡cøveøvw÷K
A. Porifera B. Nematoda  A‡Kvlxq †g‡mvwMøqv _v‡K
C. Arthropoda D. Echinodermata  eû‡Kvlx I Aixq cÖwZmg [Ref:gv‡R`v]
38. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z Aw÷qv _v‡K?
46. Aurelia aurita (†Rwj wdk) †Kvb ce©fz³?
A. Cnidaria B. Porifera
A. Porifera B. Platyhelminthes
C. Nematoda D. Annelida [Ref:AvRgj]
C. Cnidaria D. Nematoda [Ref:AvRgj]
⬔ Cnidaria ce© 47. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i RxebP‡µ cwjc I †gWzmv `kv †`Lv hvq?
A. Porifera B. Cnidaria
weMZ eQ‡ii cÖkœvejx C. Nematoda D. Annelida
e¨vL¨v: Cnidaria c‡e©i A‡bK cÖRvwZ eûiƒwcZv cÖ`k©b K‡i|
39. †Rwj wdk †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx? (†g.f.c. 15-16) GB eûiƒwc m`¨‡`i †gŠwjK GKK cwjc (polyp) I †gWzmv|
A. wbWvwiqv B. Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv †gWzmv †h‡nZz gy³Rxex, ZvB GwU †hŠb cÖRb‡b mÿg| wKš‘ cwjc
C. †gvjv¯‹v D. cøvwU‡njwgbw_m ¯’wei ZvB GLv‡b A‡hŠb cÖRbb N‡U| [Ref:gv‡R`v]

m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx ⬔ Platyhelminthes ce©

40. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Cnidaria c‡e©i kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨? m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx

A. Osculum B. Cnidocyte
C. Flame cell D. Pseudocoelomate 48. Platyhelminthes Gi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK?
[Ref: AvRgj] A. †`n †Kvl wUmy¨ gvÎvq B. AwaKvsk ewntciRxex
41. wbWvwiqvb‡`i stinging organelles ‡KvbwU? C. †iPb A½-‡bwd«wWqv D. wm‡jvgwenxb [Ref:AvRgj]
A. Nematocyst B. Cnidocyte 49. †Kvb c‡e©i †iPb A½ wkLv‡Kvl (Flame cell)?
C. Mesoglea D. Coelenteron A. Annelida B. Porifera
e¨vL¨v: wbWvwiqvb‡`i `skb A½vYy (stinging organelles) C. Platyhelminthes D. Chordata
n‡”Q †bgv‡Uvwm÷| [Ref: AvRgj] e¨vL¨v: [Ref:AvRgj]
42. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU wbWvwiqv ce©fz³ cÖvYx? ce© †iPbA½
A. Ascaris lumbricoides Platyhelminthes wkLv‡Kvl
B. Loa loa Annelida †bwd«wWqv
C. Cucumaria frondosma Arthropoda g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv
D. Hydra vulgaris 50. Platyhelminthes c‡e©i †iPb A½ bq †KvbwU?
e¨vL¨v: Ascaris lumbricoides Nematoda A. †mv‡j‡bvmvBU B. †cÖv‡MøvwUW
Loa loa  Nematoda [Ref:AvRgj] C. †cÖv‡Uv‡bwd«wWqv D. †d¬g †mj
43. wm‡j‡›Uib †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z cvIqv hvq? e¨vL¨v: Platyhelminthes c‡e©i †iPbZš¿ wkLv‡Kvl ev
A. Porifera B. Cnidaria †cÖv‡Uv‡bwd«wWqv ev †mv‡j‡bvmvBU wb‡q MwVZ| [Ref: gv‡R`v]
C. Annelida D. Nematoda 35.A 36.A 37.A 38.B 39.A 40.B
e¨vL¨v: wm‡j‡›Uib Cnidaria c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i gyL I cvqyi 41.A 42.D 43.B 44.A 45.C 46.C
KvR K‡i| [Ref:AvRgj] 47.B 48.D 49.C 50.B

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 cÖvwYweÁvb cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I †kÖwYweb¨vm
51. cÖvwYRM‡Zi cÖ_g wίÍix cÖvYx †Kvb c‡e©i? 59. Nemathelminthes ce©fz³ cÖvYxi kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨
A. Cnidaria B. Chordata †KvbwU?
C. Platyhelminthes D. Annelida [Ref:gv‡R`v] A. my¨‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU I LÛKvwqZ †`n
52. cøvwU‡njwgb&‡_m c‡e©i cÖvYxiv wK bv‡g cwiwPZ? B. Bjvw÷b wbwg©Z †Kvlxq wKDwUK‡j Ave„Z
A. mgy‡`ªi dzj B. mvMi †dvqviv C. †cŠwóKbvjx cu¨vPv‡bv
C. †MvjK…wg D. P¨vÞvK…wg D. †hŠb wØiƒcZv †`Lv hvq [Ref:AvRgj]
e¨vL¨v: Cnidaria mgy‡`ªi dzj e¨vL¨v: GB c‡e©i cÖvYxiv my¨‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU I ALÛKvwqZ
Platyhelminthes  P¨vÞv/wdZv K…wg 60. GKB cÖRvwZi ¯¿x I cyiæl m`m¨ eY©, AvKvi, AvK…wZ I
Nematoda  †Mvj/myZvK…wg MvVwbKfv‡e c„_K n‡j Zv‡K e‡jÑ
Urochordata  mvMi †dvqviv [Ref:AvRgj] A. †hŠb GKiƒcZv B. †hŠb wØiƒcZv
53. cÖ_g wUmy¨ A½ gvÎvi cÖvYx Kviv? C. Dfqwj½Zv D. wK¬ewj½Zv [Ref:AvRgj]
A. Porifera B. Nematoda 61. †Mvj K…wgi ˆeÁvwbK bvg wK?
C. Platyhelminthes D. Chordata A. Wuchereria bancrofti B. Taenia solium
e¨vL¨v: Porifera  ‡Kvlxq gvÎv; Cnidaria †Kvl wUmy¨ C. Ascaris lumbricoides D. Fasciola hepatica
gvÎvi; NematodaA½-Zš¿ gvÎv [Ref:AvRgj] e¨vL¨v: Taenia solium  wdZv K…wg
54. kvgyK R¡i (Snail fever) m„wó K‡i †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYxiv? Fasciola hepatica  hK…Z K…wg [Ref:AvRgj]
A. Annelida B. Porifera ⬔ Mollusca ce©
C. Platyhelminthes D. Chordata
e¨vL¨v: Platyhelminthes c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨
weMZ eQ‡ii cÖkœvejx
Schistosoma M‡Yi K‡qKwU cÖRvwZ MÖx®§gÛjxq †`kmg~‡ni
gvby‡l wm‡÷v‡mvgvwmm ev kvgyKR¡i m„wó K‡i hv g¨v‡jwiqvi 62. gyL wee‡i Ôi¨vWyjvÕ bvgK Ask _v‡K †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z?
c‡iB AwaK ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| [Ref:gv‡R`v] (†g.f.c. 18-19)
55. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Platyhelminthes ce©fz³ cÖvYx? A. Chordata B. Mollusca
A. Hydra vulgaris B. Musca domestica C. Arthropoda D. Nematoda
C. Taenia solium D. Pila globosa
e¨vL¨v: Musca domestica  Arthropoda m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx
Pila globosa  Mollusca
63. Mollusca-i kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ bq †KvbwU?
Hydra Vulgaris Cnidaria [Ref:gv‡R`v]
A. †`nMnŸi mswÿß wn‡gvwmj B. †cŠwóKbvwj U AvK„wZi
⬔ Nematoda ce© C. i¨vWzjv D. dzmdzm †bB [Ref:AvRgj]
e¨vL¨v: Mollusca-i dzjKv I dzmdzm _v‡K
weMZ eQ‡ii cÖkœvejx 64. Mollusca c‡e©i †Kvb †kÖwY‡Z Radula _v‡K bv?
A. Gastropoda B. Bivalvia [Ref: AvRgj]
56. ¸ovK…wg wb‡gœ D‡jøwLZ †Kvb c‡e©i AšÍf~©³? (†W.f.c. 08-09) C. Cephalopoda D. Polyplacophora
A. †cÖv‡Uv‡Rvqv B. †bgv‡UvWv 65. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYxi i‡³ wn‡gvmvqvwbb I A¨vwg‡evmvBU _v‡K?
C. cøvwU‡njwgbw_m D. A¨vwbwjWv A. Porifera B. Platyhelminthes
C. Mollusca D. Cnidaria [Ref:AvRgj]
m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx 66. ‘Pila globosa’ ‡Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx?
57. †Kvb cÖvwY‡`‡n tube within a tube MVb cvIqv hvq? A. Nematoda B. Annelida
C. Mollusca D. Platyhelminthes
A. Taenia solium B. Hirudo medicinalis
e¨vL¨v: ‘Pila globosa’ n‡jv Av‡cj kvgyK Gi ˆeÁvwbK
C. Pila globosa D. Loa loa [Ref:AvRgj]
bvg| [Ref:AvRgj]
58. ‘Nematoda’ Gi †ÿ‡Î mwVK bq †KvbwU?
51.C 52.D 53.C 54.C 55.C 56.B
A. Giv †MvjK…wg bv‡g cwiwPZ
57.D 58.C 59.D 60.B 61.C 62.B
B. A½Zš¿ MVb gvÎvi cÖvYx
63.D 64.B 65.C 66.C
C. cÖK…Z wm‡jv‡gU cÖvYx
D. †hŠb wØiƒcZv †`Lv hvq [Ref:AvRgj]
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 cÖvwYweÁvb cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I †kÖwYweb¨vm
67. cÖvwYRM‡Zi wØZxq e„nËg ce© †KvbwU? ⬔ Arthropoda ce©
A. Mollusca B. Nematoda
C. Annelida D. Arthropoda
e¨vL¨v: cÖvwYRM‡Zi e„nËg ce©Ñ Arthropoda weMZ eQ‡ii cÖkœvejx
cÖvwYRM‡Zi wØZxq e„nËg ce©Ñ Mollusca
cÖvwYRM‡Zi Z…Zxq e„nËg ce©ÑChordata [Ref:AvRgj] 76. †KvbwU Av‡_ª©v‡cvWvi ˆewkó¨ bq? (†g.f.c. 12-13)
A. AwaKvsk †`n MnŸi wn‡gvwm‡j c~Y© nq
⬔ Annelida ce©
B. wKDwUKj wbwg©Z ewntK¼vj i‡q‡Q
C. i³ msenbZš¿ e× ai‡bi
weMZ eQ‡ii cÖkœvejx D. †`n wØcvk¦©xq cÖwZmg, LÛKvwqZ Ges U¨vMgvUvq wef³
68. †Ku‡Pv †Kvb A‡½i gva¨‡g k^vm cÖk^vm †bq? (†g.f.c. 21-22) m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx
A. ürwcÐ B. dzjKv C. Z¡K D. dzmdzm
69. †Ku‡Pvi ev‡qvjwRK¨vj bvg †KvbwU? (†g.f.c. 13-14) 77. Arthropoda c‡e©i cÖvwY‡Z cvIqv hvq †KvbwU?
A. Hirudo medicinalis A. c¨viv‡cvwWqv B. i¨vWzjv
B. Metaphire posthuma C. wn‡gvwmj D. bvwjKv c` [Ref: gv‡R`v]
C. Enterobius vermicularis
78. Arthropoda ce©fz³ cÖvYxi ˆewkó¨ bq †KvbwU?
D. Aurelia aurita
A. †cŠwóKZš¿ m¤ú~Y©
m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx B. Dcv½ cwiewZ©Z n‡q gy‡Lvcv‡½ cwiYZ nq
C. i³ msenbZš¿ Db¥y³
70. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvwYi Pjb A½ wmwU ev c¨viv‡cvwWqv? D. †bwd«wWqv bvgK †iPbA½ _v‡K
A. Porifera B. Platyhelminthes e¨vL¨v: †bwd«wWqv  Annelida c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z _v‡K
C. Annelida D. Cnidaria [Ref: AvRgj]
[Ref:AvRgj]
71. Ô‡Uªv‡KvdviÕ jvf©v `kv †`Lv hvq †Kvb c‡e©?
79. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Arthropoda ce©fz³ cÖvYx?
A. Nematoda B. Annelida
C. Platyhelminthes D. Arthropoda [Ref:AvRgj] A. Hydra vulgaris B. Pila globosa
72. Annelida c‡e©i cÖvwYi kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU? C. Musca domestica D. Antedon bifida
A. True segmentation B. Tagmatization e¨vL¨v: Hydra Vulgaris Cnidaria
C. Sexual dimorphism D. Metamorphosis Pila globosa  Mollusca
e¨vL¨v: Annelida c‡e©i cÖvwY‡`n AvswUi g‡Zv A‡bK¸‡jv Antedon bifida Echinodermata [Ref:AvRgj]
GKB iKg LÛK wb‡q MwVZ| A_©vr cÖK…Z LÛvqb (True ⬔ Echinodarmata ce©
segmentation) Dcw¯’Z| [Ref: AvRgj]
73. Annelida c‡e©i cÖvwY‡`i i³i‡m †KvbwU cvIqv hvq bv? m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx
A. wn‡gv‡Møvweb B. wn‡gvGwiw_ªb
C. ‡K¬v‡ivKz‡qvwib D. wn‡gvmvqvwbb [Ref: AvRgj] 80. Echinodermata c‡e©i cÖvwYi ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU?
74. Annelida c‡e©i cÖvYxi ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU? A. Giv gy³Rxex, mnRxex I ciRxex
A. i³ msenbZš¿ Aa©gy³ ai‡bi B. dzjKv, bvwjKvc` ev k^mbe„ÿ k^mb NUvq
B. †cŠwóKbvjx bjvKvi I Am¤ú~Y© C. KuvUv AšÍtK¼vj I †cøU¸‡jv ewntK¼vj
C. wn‡gv‡Møvweb i³i‡m `ªexf~Z Ae¯’vq _v‡K D. Pjb A½wU cwicv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i
D. †cŠwóKbvjx c¨uvPv‡bv I U AvK…wZi e¨vL¨v:
e¨vL¨v: Annelida c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i i³i‡m wn‡gv‡Møvweb,  ciRxex GKvB‡bvWvg© †bB
wn‡gvGwiw_ªb A_ev †K¬v‡ivµz‡qvwib `ªexf~Z Ae¯’vq _v‡K| [Ref:AvRgj]
 KuvUv ewntK¼vj I †cøU¸‡jv AšÍtK¼vj
75. Annelida c‡e©i i³ msenbZš¿ †Kvb cÖK…wZi?
 Pjb A½wU k^mb I Lv`¨ Avni‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡i [Ref:AvRgj]
A. e× B. Db¥y³ C. Aa©-gy³ D. Abycw¯’Z
e¨vL¨v: i³ msenbZš¿:-Abycw¯’Z Platyhelmenthes, 67.A 68.C 69.B 70.C 71.B 72.A
73.D 74.C 75.A 76.C 77.C 78.D
Nematoda Echinodermata
Db¥y³  Arthropoda; Aa©gy³  Mollusca 79.C 80.B
e× Annelida, Chordata [Ref:AvRgj]
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 cÖvwYweÁvb cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I †kÖwYweb¨vm
81. †Kvb c‡e©i mKj m`m¨B mvgyw`ªK? e¨vL¨v: Gnathostomata Gi Awa‡kÖwY¸‡jv-
A. Chordata B. Arthropoda i. Chordrichthyes ii. Actinopterygii
C. Echinodermata D. Mollusca [Ref:AvRgj] iii. Sarcopterygii iv. Amphibia
82. ÔwUDe wdUÕ †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z cvIqv hvq? v. Reptilia vi. Aves
A. Nematoda B. Mollusca vii. Mammalia [Ref:AvRgj]
C. Annelida D. Echinodermata ⬔ Urochordata, Cephalochordata, Vertebrata
[Ref:AvRgj]
⬔ Chordata ce© m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx

m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx 89. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡K ÔmvMi †dvqvivÕ ejv nq?

A. Urochordata B. Cephalochordata
83. †KvbwU K‡W©U‡`i _vBi‡qW MÖwš’‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ nq? C. Cyclostomata D. Gnathostomata
A. G‡·v÷vBj B. G‡Ûv÷vBj [Ref:AvRgj]
C. †cwi÷vBj D. Gw›U÷vBj 90. †KvbwU ‘Urochordata” Gi †ÿ‡Î wg_¨v?
e¨vL¨v: K‡W©‡U Mjwe‡ji wb‡P G‡Ûv÷vBj _v‡K, GwU A. mgy‡`ªi AMfxi cvwb‡Z G‡`i cvIqv hvq
cieZ©x‡Z _vBi‡qW MÖwš’‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ nq| [Ref: AvRgj] B. G‡`i A‡bK cÖRvwZ ÒmvMi †dvqvivÓ bv‡g cwiwPZ
84. †KvbwU KW©vUv c‡e©i ˆewkó¨? C. cwiYZ cÖvYx gy³ muvZviæ nq
A. b‡UvKW© Abycw¯’Z B. i³i‡m wn‡gv‡Møvweb _v‡K D. †kÖwYe×MZ Ae¯’vb wbY©‡q jvf©v c~Y© f~wgKv iv‡L
C. ürwcÛ c„ôxq D. †ncvwUK ‡cvU©vjZš¿ we`¨gvb e¨vL¨v: G c‡e©i wKQz ˆewkó¨:-
e¨vL¨v: åƒYve¯’vq ev AvRxeb b‡UvKW© _v‡K| ürwcÛ A¼xq I 1| wifvm© †cwi÷¨vjwmm †`Lv hvq|
wn‡gv‡Møvweb †jvwnZKwYKvq Ae¯’vb K‡i| [Ref: gv‡R`v] 2| jvf©v n‡jv gy³ muvZviæ, cwiYZ cÖvYx wbðj|
85. wb‡Pi †KvbwU KW©vUv c‡e©i cÖvYxi ˆewkó¨ bq? 3| U¨vW‡cvj jvf©v `kv we`¨gvb| [Ref:gv‡R`v]
A. åƒYve¯’vq A_ev AvRxeb b‡UvKW© _v‡K 91. ÒwUDwbK ev †U÷Ó bvgK Av”Qv`‡b Ave„Z _v‡K †KvbwU?
B. †h‡Kvb `kvq ev AvRxeb Mjwejxq dzjKviÜ« _v‡K A. Urochordata B. Cephalochordata
C. i³ msenbZš¿ Db¥y³ ai‡bi C. Vertebrata D. Annelida
e¨vL¨v: †`n wUDwbK ev †U÷ bvgK Av”Qv`‡b Ave„Z nIqvq
D. K‡W©‡U ürwcÛ A¼xq‡`‡k _v‡K
G‡`i wUDwb‡KUv e‡j| [Ref:AvRgj]
e¨vL¨v: KW©vUv c‡e©i cÖvwY‡`i i³ msenbZš¿ e× cÖK…wZi
92. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z K‡W©‡Ui meKwU ˆewk‡ó¨i Avw` I mijiƒc
[Ref:AvRgj]
†`L‡Z cvIqv hvq?
⬔ Chordata’ c‡e©i †kÖYxweb¨vm A. Urochordata B. Cephalochordata
C. Vertebrata D. Mammalia [Ref:AvRgj]
m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx 93. ÔIivj ûW I Iivj wmwiÕ _v‡K †Kvb Dc-c‡e©?
A. Urochordata B. Cephalochordata
86. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Protochordata-i AšÍfz©³?
C. Vertebrata D. Actinopterygii
A. Cephalochordata B. Vertebrata
e¨vL¨v: Chephalochordata Dc-c‡e©i ˆewkó¨:-
C. Cyclostomata D. Gnathostomata
e¨vL¨v: Urochordata Ges Cephalochordata-i AšÍM©Z 1| dzjKv ¸‡jv A¨vwUªqv‡g Db¥y³
cÖvwY‡`i †`n mij cÖK…wZi Ges G‡`i †giæ`Û MwVZ nq bv 2| ‘’ AvKv‡ii gv‡qv‡Uvg †cwk cici mw¾Z
e‡j G‡`i †cÖv‡UvKW©vUv e‡j| [Ref: AvRgj] 3| †mv‡j‡bvmvBU †Kvl mg„× †bwd«wWqv G‡`i cÖavb †iPb A½
87. Chordata Gi Dc-ce© bq †KvbwU? [Ref:gv‡R`v]
A. Urochordata B. Cephalochordata 94. Chordata Gi Subphylum bq †KvbwU?
C. Hemi-Chordata D. Vertebrata A. Urochordata B. Cephalochorata
e¨vL¨v: Chordata Gi Dc-ce© wZbwUÑ C. Cyclostomata D. Vertebrata
i. Urochordata, ii. Cephatochordata 81.C 82.D 83.B 84.D 85.C 86.A
iii. Vertebrata [Ref:AvRgj] 87.C 88.B 89.A 90.C 91.A 92.B
88. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ‘Gnathostomata” Awa‡kÖwYfz³ bq? 93.B 94.C
A. Chondrichthyes B. Myxini
C. Reptilia D. Aves
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⬔ Vertebrata Gi †kÖwYweb¨vm 104. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Mammalia-i ˆewkó¨?

A. †`n †jvgwenxb B. ga¨K‡Y© 2wU ÿz`ªvw¯’ _v‡K
C. ¯¿x‡`‡n mwµq ¯ÍbMÖwš’ _v‡K D. MÖwš’nxb Z¡K
weMZ eQ‡ii cÖkœvejx e¨vL¨v: Mammalia-i ˆewkó¨-(i) †`n †jv‡g Ave„Z
(ii) ga¨K‡Y© 3wU ÿz`ªvw¯’ _v‡K; (iii) †`n wewfbœ MÖwš’hy³
95. wb‡Pi †Kvb ¯Íb¨cvqx cÖvYx wWg cv‡o? (†W.f.c. 21-22)
(iv) eÿ I D`i Wvqvd«vg w`‡q c„_K _v‡K| [Ref: AvRgj]
A. ev`yi (Bat) B. K¨v½viæ (Kangaroo)
105. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Vertebrata Gi ˆewkó¨ bq?
C. cøvwUcvm (Platypus) D. mxj (Seal)
A. b‡UvKW© †giæ`Û Øviv cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nq
96. Avgv‡`i RvZxq cvwLi ˆeÁvwbK bvg wK? (†W.f.c. 21-22) B. K‡ivwU ¯’vc‡bi gva¨‡g gw¯Í®‹ myiwÿZ _v‡K
A. Gracula religiosa B. Copsychus saularis C. 5-15 wU dzjKviÜ« _v‡K
C. Passer domesticus D. Columba livia D. cvk¦©xq †Rvo-Dcv½ Pjb A½ wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i
97. ÔKeyZiÕ †Kvb †kÖwYi cÖvYx? (†g.f.c. 19-20) e¨vL¨v: 5-15 †Rvov dzjKviÜ« _v‡K| [Ref:AvRgj]
A. Actinopterygii B. Reptilia 106. Myxini †kÖwYfz³ gvQ¸‡jv wK bv‡g cwiwPZ?
C. Aves D. Amphibia A. j¨vg‡cÖ B. mvMi †dvqviv
98. ga¨‡”Q`v Dcw¯’Z ev presence of diaphragm?
C. n¨vMwdk D. iwk¥gq cvLbvwewkó gvQ
(†W.f.c. 18-19)
e¨vL¨v: Petromyzontida  j¨vg‡cÖ| [Ref:AvRgj]
A. amphibia B. aves
C. mammalia D. reptilia 107. “Ray-finned fish” bv‡g cwiwPZ Kviv?
A. Chondrichthyes B. Actinopterygii
m¤¢ve¨ cÖkœvejx C. Sarcopterygii D. Petromyzontida
e¨vL¨v: Lobe- finned fish (wcÛvKvi cvLbv wewkó gvQ)
99. Myxini ‡kÖwYi ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU?  Sarcopterygii
A. †`n AuvBkwenxb B. mvZ ‡Rvov dzjKv Ray-finned fish (iwk¥gq cvLbv wewkó gvQ)
C. jvf©v `kv Av‡Q D. c„ôxq cvLbvhy³ Actinopterygii [Ref:AvRgj]
e¨vL¨v: Myxini ‡kÖwYi ˆewkó¨: 108. A¨v‡gvwmU jvf©v `kv we`¨gvb †Kvb †kÖwYi?
(1) c„ôxq cvLbvwenxb A. Myxini B. Petromyzontida
(2) jvf©v `kv ‡bB C. Chondrichthyes D. Actinopterygii
(3) Mjwe‡ji `ycv‡k 5-15 †Rvov dzjKv iÜ« Aew¯’Z| e¨vL¨v: Petromyzontida Gi Aci bvg-Cephalaspidomorphi
(4) bvwmKv _wj gyLwee‡i D¤§y³|  G‡`i †KivwUb hy³ `uvZ we`¨gvb
(5) †Pvqvj, c„ôcvLbv I AuvBk Abycw¯’Z [Ref: AvRgj]  mvZ‡Rvov dzjKv Av‡Q| [Ref:AvRgj]
100. †nUv‡ivmvK©vj †jR †`Lv hvq †Kvb †kÖwY‡Z? 109. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ‘Amphibia’i ˆewkó¨ bq?
A. Amphibia B. Reptilia A. MÖwš’mg„× Z¡K I G‡±v_vwg©K
C. Actinopterygii D. Chondrichthyes B. mu¨vZ‡m‡Z cwi‡e‡k evm K‡i
e¨vL¨v: ‡nUv‡ivmvK©vj gv‡b cy”Q cvLbvi Ask `ywU Amgvb| C. AMÖc‡` [Ref: AvRgj] 5wU bLihy³ Av½yj _v‡K
4wU I cðvrc‡`
101. †Kvb gv‡Q Cycloid AuvBk cvIqv hvq? D. G‡`i Z¡K Av`ª©; k¦m‡bI mvnvh¨ K‡i
A. Scolidon laticaudus e¨vL¨v: AMÖc‡` 4wU I cðvrc‡` 5wU bLiwenxb Av½yj _v‡K|
B. Latimeria chalumnae [Ref:AvRgj]
C. Tenualosa ilisha 110. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ‘Reptilia’i ˆewkó¨ bq?
D. Eusphyra blochii [Ref: AvRgj]
A. †`n ﮋ I GwcWvwg©m D™¢~Z AuvB‡k Ave„Z
102. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Sarcopterygii ‡kÖwYf‚³?
B. cv‡q 5wU K‡i bLihy³ Av½yj _v‡K
A. †evqvj B. n¨vMwdk
C. ürwcÛ m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Pvi cÖ‡Kvô wewkó
C. wmjvKvš’ D. j¨vg‡cÖ [Ref: AvRgj]
D. dzmdzmB GKgvÎ k¦mb A½
103. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvwYwUi Z¡K G‡±v_vwg©K?
A. Copsychus saularis e¨vL¨v: Amphibia  ürwcÛ wZb cÖ‡Kvô wewkó
B. Panthera tigris Reptilia  Am¤ú~Y©fv‡e Pvi cÖ‡Kvô wewkó
C. Cavia porecllus Aves, Mammalia  Pvi cÖ‡Kvô wewkó[Ref:AvRgj]
D. Duttaphrynus melanostictus 95.C 96.B 97.C 98.C 99.A 100.D
e¨vL¨v: G‡±v_vwg©K ej‡Z †`‡ni ZvcgvÎv cwi‡e‡ki 101.C 102.A 103.D 104.C 105.C 106.C
ZvcgvÎvi mv‡_ DVvbvgv Kiv‡K †evSvq| [Ref: AvRgj] 107.B 108.B 109.C 110.C
119
 cÖvwYweÁvb cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I †kÖwYweb¨vm
111. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ‘Aves’ Gi ˆewkó¨ bq? e¨vL¨v: †h mKj cÖvYxi cÖK…Z wm‡jvgwU cÖevngvb i³ Øviv c~Y©
A. †`n cvjK Øviv Ave„Z _v‡K, Zv‡K wn‡gvwmj e‡j| G ai‡bi cÖvwY‡`i wn‡gvwm‡jv‡gU
B. AMÖc` `ywU Wvbvq iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q‡Q e‡j| †hgb: Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv, gjv¯‹v| [Ref:AvRgj]
C. †Pvqvj `šÍwenxb PÂz‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q‡Q 115. Kzwg‡ii ürwcÐ KZ cÖ‡Kvó wewkó¨?
D. †`n G‡±v_vwg©K A. 2 B. 3 C. 3.5 D. 4
e¨vL¨v: cvwLi kix‡iB cÖ_g G‡Ûv_vwg©K Ae¯’v †`Lv wM‡q‡Q| 116. ev`yo †Kvb †kÖYxi AšÍM©Z?
[Ref:AvRgj] A. Aves B. Mammalia
112. DÇqb mdj Awf‡hvRb m¤úbœ nq †Kvb †kÖwb‡Z? C. Peptitia D. Amphibia
A. Amphibia B. Aves 117. A¨v‡gvwmU jvf©v †Kv_vq cvIqv hvq?
C. Reptilia D. Mammalia[Ref:AvRgj] A. Myxini B. Petromyzontida
113. GwcWvg©vj AuvBk †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z †`Lv hvq? C. Gnathosmata D. Chondrichthyes
A. mwim„c B. Aw¯’gq gvQ 118. cÖ_g m‡gvò‡kvwYZ cÖvYx †KvbwU?
C. DfPi D. ZiæYvw¯’gq gvQ[Ref:AvRgj] A. Aves B. Mammalia
114. Òwn‡gvwm‡jv‡gUÓ ejv nq †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvwY‡`i? C. Reptilia D. Amphibia
111.D 112.B 113.A 114.B 115.D 116.B
A. Annelida B. Arthropoda
C. Ectoprocta D. Chordata 117.B 118.A

SELF PRACTICE
01. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †Mvjxq cÖwZmv‡g¨i D`vniY bq? 10. †Kvb †kÖbx‡Z †giæ`Ûx cÖvwY †bB?
A. Volvox B. Radiolaria A. Actinopterygii B. Aves
C. Ceoloplana D. Heliozoa C. Amphibia D. Larvacea
02. Sexual dimorphism (†hŠb wØiƒcZv) †Kvb cÖvwYwUi ˆewkó¨? 11. Dò i³wewkó †kÖwY n‡jv-
A. grm¨ B. ¯Íb¨cvqx C. mwim„c D. DfPi
A. Ascaris lumbricoids
12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †kÖwYKi‡Yi wfwË bq?
B. Lamellidens marginalis
A. Zj B. cÖwZmvg¨ C. AÂjvqb D. åƒY
C. Hirudo medicinalis
13. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Aixq cÖwZmv‡g¨i D`vniY?
D. Schistosoma mansoni
A. Volvox B. Hydra
03. Lamellidens marginalis †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx? C. Sponge D. Pila globosa
A. Porifera B. Cnidaria 14. k¦mbZš¿ MwVZ nq †Kvb åƒYxq ¯Íi †_‡K?
C. Mollusca D. Chordata A. G‡±vWvg© B. †g‡mvWvg© C. G‡ÛvWvg© D. Wvwg©m
04. †KvbwU Mollusca-i †kÖwY bq? 15. Chordata c‡e©i cÖvYx †Kvb msMVb gvÎvi?
A. Gastropoda B. Hydrozoa A. †Kvlxq msMVb B. Kjv msMVb
C. Bivalvia D. Cephalopoda C. A½-Zš¿ D. wUmy¨-Kjv
05. Metamorphosis (iƒcvšÍi) †Kvb c‡e©i ‰ewkó¨? 16. Chordata c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi wK¬‡fR †`Lv hvq?
A. Annelida B. Mollusca A. Aixq B. wØcvk¦©xq C. mwc©j D. wØAixq
C. Chordata D. Arthropoda 17. wÎc` bvgKi‡Yi cÖPjb K‡ib †K?
06. Echinodermata ce©fz³ c~Y©v½ cÖvYx‡Z †Kvb cÖwZmvg¨Zv i‡q‡Q? A. A¨vwi÷Uj B. K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm
A. ‡Mvjxq cÖwZmg B. Aixq cÖwZmg C. nvig¨vb †kø‡Rj D. DBwjqvg nv·‡j
C. wØcvk^x©q cÖwZmg D. cÂAixq cÖwZmg 18. eû‡Kvlx cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨ Kviv cÖvPxbZg?
A. Porifera B. Cnidaria
07. cø¨vK‡qW AuvBk †`Lv hvq †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z?
C. Ctenophora D. Platyhelminthes
A. Labeo rohita B. Wallago attu 19. Hydra vulgaris †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx?
C. Scolidon laticaudus D. Gavialis gangeticus A. Porifera B. Cnidaria
08. åvšÍ wm‡jvghy³ ce© †KvbwU? C. Mollusca D. Chordata
A. Platyhelminthes B. Nematoda 20. cÖvwYRM‡Z cÖ_g wίÍix cÖvYx Kviv?
C. Arthropoda D. Cnidaria A. Porifera B. Cnidaria
09. eZz©jvKvi cÖwZmv‡g¨i D`vniY †KvbwU? C. Platyhelminthes D. Mollusca
A. Volvox B. Hydra 21. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYxiv P¨vÞv K…wg bv‡g cwiwPZ?
C. Ctenophora D. Anthozoa A. Protozoa B. Porifera
C. Cnidaria D. Platyhelminthes
120
 cÖvwYweÁvb cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I †kÖwYweb¨vm
22. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i ÔmyZvK…wgÕ e‡j? 38. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z wkLv‡Kvl cvIqv hvq?
A. Platyhelminthes B. Nematoda A. Cnidaria B. Nematoda
C. Annelida D. Entoprocta C. Mollusca D. Platyhelminthes
23. Ôg¨v›UjÕ †KvbwUi kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨? 39. cÖvwY‡`‡n m`„k, GKvwaK As‡k ˆiwLK cybive„wˇK e‡jÑ
A. Annelida B. Arthropoda A. cÖvwšÍKZv B. U‡UvgvwiRg
C. Chordata D. Mollusca C. cÖwZmvg¨Zv D. †gUv‡gwiRg
24. Pila globosa †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx? 40. cø¨vK‡qW AuvBk †`Lv hvq †h cÖvYx‡ZÑ
A. Porifera B. Cnidaria A. iæB B. †evqvj C. nv½i D. wZwg gvQ
C. Mollusca D. Chordata
41. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wØAixq cÖwZmvg¨ cÖvYxi D`vniY?
25. Annelida-Gi i³ msenbZš¿ †Kvb cÖK…wZi?
A. nvBWªv B. †Rwj wdk C. wU‡bv‡dviv D. mx A¨vwbgb
A. e× B. Db¥y³ C. Aa©-gy³ D. Aa©-c¦vk©xq
42. K‡W©‡Ui ˆewkó¨ bq †KvbwU?
26. Arthropoda- †`i mwVK ˆewkó¨ bq †KvbwU?
A. w¯’wZ¯’vcK b‡UvKW© B. c„ôxq duvcv ¯œvqyi¾y
A. †`n mwÜhy³ Dcv½ wewkó B. Aixq cÖwZmg
C. †`n LÛKvwqZ D. U¨vMgvUvq wef³ C. Mjwejxq dzjKv iÜ« D. Ôi¨vWzjvÕ Dcw¯’Z
27. cÖvwYRM‡Zi me‡P‡q eo ce© †KvbwU? 43. K‡W©U‡`i i³ msenbZš¿ †Kvb ai‡bi?
A. Porifera B. Cnidaria A. e× B. Aa©gy³ C. Db¥y³ D. Aa©cvk¦x©q
C. Arthropoda D. Chordata 44. ÔwQ`ªvj cÖvYxÕ wn‡m‡e †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx cwiwPZ?
28. Arthropoda c‡e©i cÖvYxi †iPb A½ bq †KvbwU? A. Cnidaria B. Porifera
A. g¨vjwcwRqvb ewW B. meyR MÖwš’ C. Platyhelminthes D. Chordata
C. g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv D. K·vj MÖwš’ 45. †Ku‡Pvi ev‡qvjwRKvj bvg †KvbwU?
29. ÔmvMi AvwP©bÕ †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx? A. Hirudo medicinalis
A. Nematoda B. Mollusca B. Enterobius vermicularis
C. Annelida D. Echinodermata C. Metaphire posthuma
30. ‘Chordata’ ce© bvgKiY K‡ib †K? D. Aurelia Aurita
A. Hickman B. Lenceas 46. AcÖK…Z LÛKvqb †`Lv hvq wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvbx‡Z?
C. Aristotle D. W. Bateson A. †MvjK…wg‡Z B. wdZvK…wg‡Z
31. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ÔK‡W©UÕ †`i ˆewkó¨ bq? C. gvby‡l D. Av‡cj kvgy‡K
A. A¼xq‡`‡k nrwcÛ B. wQ`ªvj Mjwej 47. wm‡j‡›Uib †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z cvIqv hvq?
C. DbœZ gw¯Í®‹ D. we‡Rvo Dcv½ A. Porifera B. Cnidaria
32. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ‘Gnathostomata’ Awa‡kÖwYf~³ bq? C. Annelida D. Nematoda
A. Chondrichthyes B. Petromyzontida 48. Ô†cÖvMøwUWÕ cvIqv hvq †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`‡n?
C. Reptilia D. Aves A. Cnidaria B. Platyhelminthes
33. †Kvb †kÖwYi cÖRvwZiv e¨vOvwP AvK…wZi? C. Annelida D. Nematoda
A. Ascidiacea B. Thaliacea 49. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡K ÔmvMi †dvqvivÕ ejv nq?
C. Larvacea D. Myxini A. Urochordata B. Cephalochordata
34. K‡W©‡U meKwU ˆewk‡ó¨i Avw` I mij iƒc †`L‡Z cvIqv hvq wK‡m? C. Cyclostomata D.Gnathostomata
A. Urochordata B. Cephalochordata 50. wb‡¤œv³ †Kvb ai‡bi ˆewPΨ †`Lv hvq bv?
C. Vertebrata D. Mammalia A. wRbMZ B. cÖRvwZMZ C. ev¯‘Zvwš¿K D. ev‡qvgMZ
35. wefvRb Z‡ji Ici wfwË K‡i wK¬‡fR KZ cÖKvi? DËigvjv
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 01.C 02.A 03.C 04.B 05.D 06.D
36. U¨v·b ej‡Z wK †evSvq? 07.C 08.B 09.A 10.D 11.B 12.D
A. †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi cÖ‡Z¨KwU K¨vUvMwi 13.B 14.C 15.C 16.B 17.C 18.A
B. RxeRM‡Zi cÖ‡Z¨KwU cÖRvwZ 19.B 20.C 21.D 22.B 23.D 24.C
C. wKsW‡gi cÖ‡Z¨KwU †Mvwô 25.A 26.B 27.C 28.A 29.D 30.D
D. nvqvivwK©i cÖ‡Z¨KwU avc 31.D 32.B 33.C 34.B 35.B 36.A
37. wdZv K…wgi †`‡ni LÛK m`„k Ask¸‡jv‡K wK e‡j? 37.C 38.D 39.D 40.C 41.C 42.D
A. cwjc B. c¨viv‡cvwWqv 43.A 44.B 45.C 46.B 47.B 48.B
49.A 50.D
C. †cÖv‡MøvwUW D. gv‡qvUg

121
"র#না "মিডেকল "কাে,ন ব.াংক
cÖvwYweÁvb
1g Aa¨vq : cÖvYxi wewfbœZv I †kÖwYweb¨vm 05. ÔKeyZiÕ †Kvb †kÖYxi cÖvYx? (†g.f.c. 19-20)
A. Actinopterygii B. Reptilia
Medical Admission Test Questions C. Aves D. Amphibia
Ans : C
01. ÔcÖRvcwZÕ Gi cÖwZmvg¨Zv †Kvb ai‡bi? (†g.f.c. 21-22)
e¨vL¨v :
A. Aixq B. wØ-Aixq
Actinopterygii  Tenualosa ilisha (Bwjk)
C. wØcvk^x©q D. AcÖwZmvg¨ Labeo rohita (iæB)
Ans: C Reptilia  Gavialis gangeticus (Nwoqvj)
e¨vL¨v: Hemidactylus frenatus (wUKwUwK)
cÖwZmv‡g¨i aib D`vniY
Aves Columba livia (KeyZi)
‡Mvjxq cÖwZmvg¨ Volvox, Radiolaria, Heliozoa Copsychus saularis (†`v‡qj)
Aixq cÖwZmvg¨ Hydra, ‡Rwjwdk (Aurelia), mx Amphibia Salamandra salamandra (m¨vjvgvÛvi)
A¨vwbgb (Metridium) Hoplobatracus tigerinus (†mvbve¨vO)
wØ-Aixq cÖwZmvg¨ Ctenophora (wU‡bv‡dviv) [Ref. AvRgj m¨vi]
wØ-cvk^x©q cÖwZmvg¨ cÖRvcwZ, e¨vO, gvbyl 06. gyL wee‡i Ôi¨vWyjvÕ bvgK Ask _v‡K †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z?
AcÖwZmvg¨ ¯úÄ, kvgyK (†g.f.c. 18-19)
[Ref. AvRgj m¨vi] A. Chordata B. Mollusca
02. †Ku‡Pv †Kvb A‡½i gva¨‡g k¦vmcÖk¦vm †bq? (†g.f.c. 21-22) C. Arthropoda D. Nematoda
A. ü`wcÐ B. dzjKv C. Z¡K D. dzmdzm Ans : B
Ans: C e¨vL¨v : Mollusca c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i D‡jøL‡hvM¨ ˆewkó¨-
e¨vL¨v: Mollusca †Z dzjKv I g¨v›Uj Øviv k^mb m¤úbœ nq| * †`n g¨v›Uj bvgK Avei‡Y Ave„Z|
Arthropoda †`nZj A_ev UªvwKqv, dzjKv I eyKwMj Gi gva¨‡g * †`n MnŸi wn‡gvwm‡j cwiYZ|
k^mb m¤úbœ K‡i| * Aa©gy³ i³ msenbZš¿ we`¨gvb|
Echinodermata dzjKv bvwjKvc_, k^mb e„ÿ Gi gva¨‡g k^mb * i‡³ wn‡gvmvqvwbb I A¨vwg‡evmvBU KwYKv _v‡K|
m¤úbœ K‡i| [Ref: AvRgj m¨vi]
[Ref. gv‡R`v g¨vWvg] 07. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wØAixq cÖwZmvg¨ cÖvYxi D`vniY? (†g.f.c. 17-18)
03. cÖvwYRM‡Zi e„nËg Phylum †KvbwU? (†g.f.c. 20-21) A. nvBWªv B. †Rwjwdk
A. Arthropoda B. Porifera C. Mollusca D. Annelida C. wU‡bv‡dviv D. mx A¨vwbgb
Ans: A Ans : C
e¨vL¨v: Mollusca cÖvwYRM‡Zi wØZxq e„nËg ce©| e¨vL¨v : 01 bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v `ªóe¨|
[Ref: AvRgj m¨vi] 08. †Rwjwdk †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx? (†g.f.c. 15-16)
04. wm‡jvgnxb ce© †KvbwU? (†g.f.c. 19-20) A. wbWvwiqv B. Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv
A. Annelida B. Fasciola hepatica C. gjv¯‹v D. cøvwU‡njwgbw_m
C. Nematoda D. Chordata
Ans : B Ans: A
e¨vL¨v : Platyhelminthes c‡e©i K‡qKwU cÖvYx nj : e¨vL¨v :
Fasciola hepatica, Taenia solium * wewfbœ c‡e©i cÖvwY‡`i D`vniY :
wm‡jv‡gi wfwˇZ cÖvYx‡`i‡K 3wU †kªYx‡Z fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| h_v: c‡e©i bvg cÖvYxi bvg
wm‡jv‡gi aib c‡e©i bvg Porifera Plakina kanaky (eûewY©j ¯úÄ), Scypha
1. A¨vwm‡jv‡gU Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora, gelatinosum (¯úÄ)
(wm‡jvgwenxb) Platyhelminthes cÖf„wZ ce©fy³ cÖvYx Cnidaria Hydra vulgaris (eY©nxb ev njy` ev`vgx),
2. my¨‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU Nematoda, Rotifera, Kinorhyncha Porpita porpita (bxj †evZvg)
(åvšÍ ev AcÖK…Z) cÖf„wZ ce©fy³ cÖvYx|
Platyhelminthes Taenia solium (k~K‡ii wdZvK…wg),
3. BDwm‡jv‡gU Mollusca, Annelida, Arthropoda,
(cÖK…Z) Echinodermata, Hemichordata, Schistosoma mansoni (gvby‡li i³K…wg)
Chordata cÖf„wZ ce©fy³ cÖvYx| Nematoda Loa loa (‡PvL K…wg), Ascaris
[Ref. : AvRgj m¨vi] lumbricoides (‡Mvj K…wg/‡Ku‡Pv K…wg)
 Mollusca Pila globosa (Av‡cj kvgyK), Octopus (i) †`n mwÜhy³ Dcv½ wewkó, wØcvk¦x©q cÖwZmg, LÐKvwqZ Ges
macropus (A‡±vcvm), Lamellidens U¨vMgvUvq wef³|
marginalis (wSbyK) (ii) g¯Í‡K GK‡Rvov ev `yB †Rvov A¨v‡›Ubv I mvaviYZ GK‡Rvov
Annelida Metaphire posthuma (†K‡Puv), Hirudo cyÄvwÿ _v‡K|
medicinalis (gwnlv †RuvK) (iii) ewntK¼vj KvBwUb wbwg©Z Ges wbqwgZ †gvwPZ nq|
Arthropoda Macrobrachium rosenbergii (wPswo), (iv) wm‡jvg mswÿß Ges AwaKvsk †`nMnŸi i‡³ c~Y©
Musca domestica (M„n gvwQ) wn‡gvwmjÑG cwibZ nq|
Echinodermata Asterias rubens (mgy`ª Zviv), (v) †iPbA½ g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv| GQvovI i‡q‡Q K·vj,
Holothuria tubulosa (mvMi kmv) g¨vw·jvwi MÖwš’ ev meyR MÖwš’, A¨v‡›Ubvj MÖwš’|
(vi) i³ msenbZš¿ Db¥y³, GwU c„ôxq ms‡KvPbkxj ürhš¿, agwb
[Ref: AvRgj m¨vi]
Ges wn‡gvwmj wb‡q MwVZ|
09. åvšÍ wm‡jvgfy³ cÖvYxi ce© †KvbwU? (†g.f.c. 14-15)
[Ref. AvRgj m¨vi]
A. Cnidaria B. Platyhelminthes
BDS Admission Test Questions
C. Nematoda D. Arthropoda
Ans : C 14. wb‡Pi †Kvb ¯Íb¨cvqx cÖvYx wWg cv‡o? (†W.f.c. 21-22)
A. ev`yi (Bat) B. K¨v½viæ (Kangaroo)
e¨vL¨v : 04 bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v `ªóe¨|
C. cøvwUcvm (Platypus) D. mxj (Seal)
10. †Ku‡Pvi ev‡qvjwRK¨vj bvg †KvbwU? (†g.f.c. 13-14)
Ans: C
A. Hirudo medicinalis
e¨vL¨v: cøvwUcvm Mammalia ‡kÖwYi Prototheria Dc‡kªwYfz³|
B. Metaphire posthuma
Giv wWg cv‡o Ges wWg †_‡K AcwiYZ beRvZ‡Ki Rb¥ nq|
C. Enterobius vermicularis
D. Aurelia aurita [Ref. AvRgj m¨vi]
Ans. B 15. wb‡Pi Pvi cÖ‡Kvô wewkó ü`wcÐ †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z †`Lv hvq?
e¨vL¨v : Hirudo medicinalis - †RuvK (†W.f.c. 21-22)
Metaphire posthuma- †Ku‡Pv A. Kzwgi B. K”Qc C. wUKwUwK D. mvc
Enterobius vermicularis -¸ovK…wg Ans: A
Aurelia aurita - †Rwjwdk e¨vL¨v:
[Ref. AvRgj m¨vi] K”Qc, wUKwUwK(DfPi) ürwcÐ wZb cÖ‡Kvôwewkó,
11. hLb †Kvb cÖvYxi †`n‡K Aÿ eivei †Q` Ki‡j GKeviI mgvb mvc(mixm„c)  ürwcÐ Am¯ú~Yf © v‡e Pvi cÖ‡Kvôwewkó,
`ywU As‡k fvM Kiv hvq bv ZLb Zv‡K AcÖwZmvg¨ e‡j-wb‡¤œi mixm„‡c e¨wZµg Kzwgi  ürwcÐ m¯ú~Yf © v‡e Pvi cÖ‡Kvôwewkó|
†Kvb cÖvYxwU AcÖwZmvg¨? (†g.f.c. 13-14) [Ref. AvRgj m¨vi]
A. nvBWªv B. †Zjv‡cvKv C. kvgyK D. e¨vO 16. Avgv‡`i RvZxq cvwLi ˆeÁvwbK bvg wK? (†W.f.c. 21-22)
Ans. C A. Gracula religiosa B. Copsychus saularis
e¨vL¨v : 01 bs cÖ‡kœi e¨vL¨v `ªóe¨| C. Passer domesticus D. Columba livia
12. c„w_exi Avw`cÖvYx †h c‡e©i AšÍfy©³ Zv n‡jv-(†g.f.c. 12-13) Ans: B
A. wm‡jbUv‡iUv B. cwi‡div e¨vL¨v: Gracula religiosa  cvwZ gqbv
C. †cÖv‡Uv‡Rvqv D. KW©vUv Copsychus saularis  †`v‡qj
Ans: C Passer domesticus  Po–B
e¨vL¨v : c„w_exi mKj Avw`cÖvYx †cÖv‡Uv‡Rvqv c‡e©i AšÍf³
z© | Columba livia  KeyZi
[Ref: AvRgj m¨vi] [Ref. AvRgj m¨vi]
13. †KvbwU Av‡_ª©v‡cvWvi ˆewkó¨ bq? (†g.f.c. 12-13) 17. ga¨”Q`v Dcw¯’Z ev presence of diaphragm? (†W.f.c.
A. AwaKvsk †`n MnŸi wn‡gvwm‡j c~Y© nq 18-19)
B. KvBwUb wbwg©Z ewntK¼vj i‡q‡Q A. Amphibia B. Aves
C. i³ msenbZš¿ e× ai‡bi C. Mammalia D. Reptilia
D. †`n wØcvk¦©xq cÖwZmg, LÐKvwqZ Ges U¨vMgvUvq wef³ Ans : C
Ans: C e¨vL¨v : Mammalia ev ¯Íb¨cvqx c‡e©i cÖvwY‡`i gvsmj Wvqvd«vg
e¨vL¨v : Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv n‡”Q cÖvwYRM‡Zi me‡P‡q eo ce©| ev ga¨”Q`v w`‡q eÿ I D`i MnŸi c„_K _v‡K|
Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ wbgœiƒc : [Ref. AvRgj m¨vi]