Fossil fuels, coal, oil and natural gas are the result of anaerobic decay of dead

plants and animals laid down hundreds of millions of years ago, most of which
took place well before the dinosaurs strode the earth. Fossil fuels slowly
formed as further geological layers compressed and heated the dead organic
matter. The energy content of fossil fuels results from the transformation of
sunlight into vegetation and the chemical transformation brought about by
anaerobic cooking at high pressures and temperatures over geological times.

An electric generator is a device that converts a form of energy into electricity. There are many
different types of electricity generators.

Types

 Turbine driven generators

Most world electricity generation is from electric power plants that use a turbine to drive
electricity generators.

- Steam turbines
- Combustion gas turbines,
- Combined-heat-and-power plants (CHP) and cogenerators
- Hydroelectric turbines
- Wind turbines
- Ocean thermal energy conversion (OTEC)

 Other types of generators

- Solar photovoltaic cells
- Internal-combustion engines,
- Energy storage systems for electricity generation
The diagram outlines the process of electricity production in a hydroelectric
power station. The process begins when the water flows from the river into
a high-level reservoir and ends with the transmission of electricity to the
national grid.

In general, the process is broadly distributed into day and night stages with
the daylight stages involving electricity production from a river and storage
of water in a reservoir. At night, the water flows back in the opposite
direction towards an initial reservoir and the river.

The day stage of the process involves channelling the river water into a
high-level reservoir backed up by a dam. There is an intake area leading to
the power station that opens during the day and closes at night. Water
flows during the day to generate electricity through the power station
turbines. The generated electricity is then sent to a national grid through
power lines while the excess water runs to a low-level reservoir.

During the night stage, the water stored in the low-level reservoir is
reverted to the power station and the turbines of the generator pump it
back into the high-level reservoir which is closed during the night. The river
water is stored at the upper level and later it flows down, starting the cycle
again.

The diagram below shows how geothermal energy is used to produce

electricity.

The diagram illustrated th process by which geothermal energy is used in the production of
electricity. Overall, there are five steps in the process, starting from pumping down cold water into
the geothermal zone, to producing electricity form the generator which is then sent into the
electrical grid.

In the first step, cold water is pumped down 4.5 km underground through the injection well. Next,
the water is injected into the geothermal zone, where hot water has been heated up then enter the
production well and is then pumped up to the ground and into the condenser.
The last two stages are carried out above ground at the power plant. First of all, steam is produced
from the hot water in the condenser. In the following step, the steam passes into the turbine and
makes it spin. Finally, the generator, which is powered by the turbine, produces electricity where it is
then transferef into the electric grid via power lines.

The diagram shows how hydro-electric power is generated. Write report of at least 150 words
describing the main details.

The diagram outlines the principle stages involved in hydro-electric power generation. This process
has its origins in the natural water cycle and concludes with power being provided to relevant
infrastructure.

At first, solar energy heats water in the ocean, causing it to evaporate. As the water vapour rises, it
condenses and forms into clouds which move over the land. Eventually, the clouds will drop rain,
some of which will fall into a resevoir. The water stored in this area is kept back by a dam, which
contains a valve
The diagram shows a process for producing electricity for home use. The equipment
consists of a large tank, boxes and pipes that would be able to fit into a garage-sized
room.

Electricity is produced using methane gas, generated from a mix of compost and water
in a large steel tank. The tank is about the same height as a person and about twice as
wide. Methane rises to the top of the tank and is collected and stored in a gas storage
system. The stored gas is the fuel source used in the energy conversions that happen
next.

Once compressed in a gas compressor, the methane fuels a combustion engine, which
in turn produces mechanical energy. Having been transferred to a generator, the
mechanical energy is then transformed into electrical energy, which is then stored in a
battery. At this stage the electricity is ready for home use.
The diagram below shows how solar panels can be used to provide electricity for
domestic use.

The picture illustrates the process of producing electricity in a home using solar panels. It is
clear that there are five distinct stages in this process, beginning with the capture of energy
from sunlight. The final two steps show how domestic electricity is connected to the external
power supply.
The diagram illustrates how power is generated in a nuclear power station. The
process begins with uranium fuel heating water and ends with electricity being
delivered to homes and offices. There is also a system to stop overheating.
To begin with, the nuclear fuel is kept in a containment building to prevent it from escaping. The
fuel is passed through two generators, which heats the water inside them, turning it into
steam. Next, the steam travels along pipes to a turbine and spins it, which produces electricity in a
connected generator. After that, the power passes through a transformer and then through power
lines, where it is delivered to homes and so on.
The remaining part of the process is a cooling system. Firstly, an outside water source is connected
to the turbine by pipes, allowing water to pass around the turbine and prevent it from becoming too
hot. Finally, the steam produced by this process is released into the air through a cooling tower