Actions On Bridge Distribution

Dr. KEO Sam Ang Tel: 089 555 710 E-mail: keo_samang@yahoo.
com
ACTIONS ON BRIDGE
STRUCTURES
AASHTO LRFD
1
Dr. KEO Sam Ang Tel: 089 555 710 E-mail: keo_samang@yahoo.com
1. Dead load of structural component

p
Materials Unit Weight

(kg/m3)
g surfaces
Bituminous wearing 2250
Cast iron 7200

Cinder filling 960
Compact sand, silt, or clay 1925
Concrete,, lightweight
g g ((includes reinforcement)) 1775
Concrete, sand-lightweight (includes 1925
reinforcement)
Concrete, normall (includes
(i l d reinforcement)
i f ) 2400
Loose sand, silt or gravel 1600
2
1. Dead load of structural component

p
Material Unit Weight (kg/m3)

Soft clay 1600
R ll d gravel,
Rolled l macadam,
d or bballast
ll t 2450
Steel 7850
Stone masonry 2725
Hardwood 960
Softwood 800
Transit rails, ties and fastening per 0.3 ×109
track
3
2 V
2. Vehicular
hi l Li Live lload
d (S3.6.1.1)
(S3 6 1 1)
2.1 Vehicular design loads
rrW
• Design truck Design tandem
• Design lane load
L d model
Load d l tageday HL-93
HL 93.
RtUUvsMKal;fa vamintMNageGayrfynþþ RbePTNa mYYyenaHeT.
4
1. Design truck (S3.6.1.2.2)
5
2. Design tandem (S3.6.1.2.3)
Design tandem pSMBIbnÞúk 110kN mYyKU XøatKñacMgay 1,2m.

KMlattamTisTTwg rbs;kg; nimYy² esμI 1,8m.
6
3. Design
g lane load ((S3.6.1.2.4))
CabnkrayesI
Þú μ mantMél 9,3kN/m
, raytambeNaysan.
þ <
tamTisTTwg eKsnμtfa lane load rayesμIelIRbEvg 3m (esμInwg 3,1kN/m2).
7
* Dynamic Load Allowance

edaysarépÞpøÚvfñl;minrabesμIsuTsaF dUecñHrfynþGacrlak;tic²
eFIeGayektman
eFV GayekItman klagTgÁ
kMlaMgTgic bEnß
bEnmelI
melklagsþ
kMlaMgsaTiaTc.
c.
8
Component IM (%)
D k jjoints-all
Deck i t ll li
limit
it states
t t 75
All other components
Fatigue and fracture limit states 15
All other limit states 33
All other component rYmman girder, beams, bearings

nig column.
co u .
eKmineRbIemKNenH
eKmneRbemKu NenH srab
sMrab; pedestrian load ng
nig lane load eT.
9
The requirement for 75% impact on deck joints is based on oral

reports of tests in Europe in which parts of expansion joints were
strain-gaged
g g and were found to be subject j to about 75% dynamic
y
load increase, as well as the observed tendency for there to be an
even settlement immediately preceding bridges, as well as
di l d d broken
dislodged, b k concrete in i the
h immediate
i di vicinity
i i i off expansion
i
dams, all of which served to increase the impact.
The reduced dynamic allowance for the fatigue limit state is based
on the premise that average, rather than extreme values, are more
appropriate
pp p when consideringg cumulative damageg from fatigue.
g
10
Article S3.6.2 ppermits the traditional elimination of

dynamic load allowance for retaining walls and components
of structures which are below ground, given below, and
provides
id for
f a variable
i bl increase
i i dynamic
in d i load
l d allowance
ll
for culverts and other buried structures, depending on the
depth of earth fill.
fill
Where:
DE = the minimum depth of earth cover
above the structure (mm)
11
2.2. Number of design lane (S3.6.1.1.1)
W = clear roadwayy width
CaTUeTA
ebII
ebI Traffic lane < 3600mm; N=cnY
eb cMnn Traffic lanes.
lanes
12
2.3. Multiple Presence of Live Load
eKdwgRbU)ab‘ÍlIetedIm,IeGayrfynþF¶n; (heavy load) elIsBI2

ebIIkTnÞwmKña(elII laneCab;Kña) elIIs<anEtmY
E y mantMMéltUcNas;.
dUdecH
ecñH edIedm,KtbBa©
m,IKitbBallkNHenHenAkgkarKNna
ÚllkçNHenHenAkñúgkarKNna ASSHTO
A3.6.1.1.2 eGayGñkKNna eRbI emKuNmYy sMrab;bnßyGMeBI rbs;bnÞúk.
cMnYn loaded lanes Multiple Presence Factor
1 1,20
2 1,00
3 0 85
0,85
>3 0,65
13
Design
Truck Load
14
Design
Tandem Load
15
Design
Lane Load
16
2.4. KNnam:Um:g;GviC¢manFMbMputelITMr
eyIgKNnaedayyk 90%én design truck 2 XøatKñacMgay15m rvag
kg;mux nig kg;eRkay rbs; design truckTaMg2 bUknwg design lane
load 90%.
eKykKMlatrvag bnÞúk 145kN rbs; truck nimYy²esμInwg 4,3m.
17
2.5. Tire contact area (S3.6.1.2.5)

( )
18
3. Fatigue
g Load
Fatigue load Ca truck load xusBI truck load elIkmun Rtg;eyIgyk
cMgayrvagbnÞúk 145kN esμI 9m. eyIgpÞúk truck cMnYnmYy elIEtmYy lane.
Frequency rbs;bnÞúkenH ykesμI ADTTSL ehIyEdl :
Edl
p: KNnaedayeRbItaragxageRkam
KNnaedayeRbtaragxageRkam
19
ADTT = average daily truck traffic rab;enAkñúg mYyTisrbs;cracrN_.

ADT = Average daily traffic
((ASSHTO,
SS O,
Table C3.6.1.4.2-1)
20
4 Pedestrian Load
4.
- bnÞ
bnkrbs;
úkrbsGñGkefI
kefμreCIeCgg = 3,6
3 6 kN/m2;
- manGMeBIelI sidewalk EdlenACab;CamYypøÚvLan kñúgkrNIs<anføl;;

- ebIsinCakrNI s<ansMrab;efμIreCIg eyIgeRbItMél = 4,1 kN/m2;
21

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Dr. KEO Sam Ang Tel: 089 555 710 E-mail: keo_samang@yahoo.

1. Dead load of structural component

Materials Unit Weight

Cast iron 7200

1. Dead load of structural component

Material Unit Weight (kg/m3)

RtUUvsMKal;fa vamintMNageGayrfynþþ RbePTNa mYYyenaHeT.

1. Design truck (S3.6.1.2.2)

2. Design tandem (S3.6.1.2.3)

Design tandem pSMBIbnÞúk 110kN mYyKU XøatKñacMgay 1,2m.

* Dynamic Load Allowance

All other component rYmman girder, beams, bearings

The requirement for 75% impact on deck joints is based on oral

Article S3.6.2 ppermits the traditional elimination of

2.2. Number of design lane (S3.6.1.1.1)

W = clear roadwayy width

2.3. Multiple Presence of Live Load

eKdwgRbU)ab‘ÍlIetedIm,IeGayrfynþF¶n; (heavy load) elIsBI2

cMnYn loaded lanes Multiple Presence Factor

2.5. Tire contact area (S3.6.1.2.5)

ADTT = average daily truck traffic rab;enAkñúg mYyTisrbs;cracrN_.

- manGMeBIelI sidewalk EdlenACab;CamYypøÚvLan kñúgkrNIs<anføl;;

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