PRELIM TOPIC FOR COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

NATIONAL AND GLOBAL HEALTH SITUATION:

- Global health emphasises transnational health issues, determinants and solutions;
involves many disciplines within and beyond the health sciences and promotes inter-
disciplinary collaboration; and is a synthesis of population-based prevention with
individual-level clinical care.

PUBLIC HEALTH:
● According to Dr. C. E. Winzlow, public health is the science and art of preventing disease,
prolonging life, promoting health and efficiency through community effort. For the sanitation of
the environment, control of communicable disease, education in personal hygiene, organization
of medical and nursing services for diagnosis and preventive treatment of disease, development
of social machinery to enable every citizen to realize their birthright of health and longevity.
● FOCUS: branch of public health that focuses people and their role as determinants of the
people’s health in contrast to environmental health that focuses on the physical environment
and its impact on people’s health.
COMMUNITY HEALTH:
● a part of paramedical or medical interventions/approach which is concerned on the health of
the world population.
● Goals: Health promotion, disease prevention, and management of factors affecting health.
FOCUS: Community health focuses on an overall geographic area rather than on shared
characteristics such as age or diagnosis. The defined area could be as small as a neighborhood,
or it could encompass a city or an entire region.

PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING:

● special field of nursing that combines the skills of nursing, public health and some phases of
social assistance and functions as part of total pubic health for the promotion of health,
improvement of conditions in social and physical environment, rehabilitation of illness and
disability
● FOCUS: to promote health and prevent disease for the entire population group. It may
include assisting and providing care to individual members of the population. This is the focus
for the reason that health workers don't want clients to go on the curative or rehabilitative
phase.
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING:
● service rendered with communities, groups, families, individuals at home, health center,
clinics, school, places of work for health promotion, illness prevention, care of the sick at home,
and rehabilitation
● FOCUS: Health Promotion
○ primary goal — to help a community protect and preserve the health of
members.
○ Secondary goal — to promote self-care to individuals and families. Applies to all nurses
outside the hospital.
STANDARDS OF PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING IN THE PHILIPPINES:
● Expression of professional autonomy, responsibility, and accountability. They are the core of
continuing efforts to provide quality nursing care and services.
● standards were developed by the National League of Philippine Government Nurses in 2005.
-Overall, the healthcare system in the Philippines is of a high standard. Filipino medical staff are
highly trained, although the facilities may not be as impressive as those found in high-end US or
European hospitals.

STANDARD 1: THEORY
● Nurses apply theoretical concepts as the basis for decisions in practice.
STANDARD 2: DATA COLLECTION
● Nurses systematically collect data that are comprehensive and accurate.
STANDARD 3: DIAGNOSIS
● Nurses analyze the collected data about the community, family, and individual to determine
diagnosis.
STANDARD 4: PLANNING
● Each level of prevention, the nurse develops a plan that corresponds to each client’s needs.
● With specific goals and interventions develops a nursing care plan.
STANDARD 5: INTERVENTION
● Nurses guided by the plans intervene to promote, maintain or restore health, prevent disease
and defect rehabilitation.
STANDARD 6: EVALUATION
● Nurses evaluate the responses of clienteles to interventions to determine the progress
towards the goal achievement and to revise the data based diagnosis and plan. To determine if
the goal is met or not.
STANDARD 7: QUALITY ASSURANCE AND
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
● Nurses participate in peer review and other means of evaluation to assure quality of nursing
practice.
● Nurses assume responsibility for professional development and contribute to the
development of others.
STANDARD 8: INTERDISCIPLINARY
COLLABORATION
● Nurses collaborates with other healthcare providers, professionals, and community
representatives in assessing, planning, implementing, and evaluating programs for community
health.
STANDARD 9: RESEARCH
● Nurses contribute to theory and practice of community health nursing through research.
EVOLUTION OF PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING IN THE PHILIPPINES:
PHILIPPINES BASED ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC POLITICAL PERIODS
● Pre-American Occupation (up to 1898)
● American Military Government (1898-1907)
● Philippine Assembly (1907-1916)
● The Jones Law (1916-1936)
● The Commonwealth (1936-1941)
● Japanese Occupation (1941-1945)
● Post-World War II (1945-1972)
● Post EDSA Revolution
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING:
ADVOCATE
- Defends the patients rights and acts as a guardian of the client’s rights to autonomy and free
choice for self-care.
SUPERVISOR
- Provides administrative support, oversees, monitors and evaluates the function of
subordinates.
COUNSELOR
- An active listener. Encourages clients to verbalize and express feelings and concerns.
EDUCATOR
- Assess readiness to learn. Teaches the client skills, knowledge, and attitude.
TRAINER
- Provides technical support. Identifies needs and formulates program designs. Arranges and
conducts training to provide learning experience.