Computer Science

INTRODUCTION TO RELATIONAL PHP programming knowledge

DATABASE (RDBMS) WITH MYSQL required
Prepared by: Eric Ijakaa
Email: ericijakaa4@gmail.com
DATABASE DEFINITION
❑A database is a standalone program used to store a set of data. For creating,
accessing, managing, searching, and duplicating the data it holds, each database has
one or more unique APIs.
❑Relational database management systems (RDBMS) are used today to store and
manage massive amounts of data. Because all the data is stored in several tables
and relationships are created using primary keys or other keys known as foreign keys,
this is known as a relational database.
FEATURES OF RDBMS
❑Permits the creation of a database
containing tables, columns, and indexes.
❑Ensures that the referential integrity of
rows across distinct tables is maintained.
❑Automates the updating of the indexes.
❑Interprets a SQL Query and
aggregates information from several
tables.
TERMS USED IN RDBMS
Let's update a few definitions relating to the database before we continue with our
explanation of the MySQL database system. A database is a group of tables that contain
connected data.
❑Table: A table is a data matrix. A table in a database resembles a straightforward
spreadsheet.
❑Column: One column (data element) includes data of one type only, such as the postcode
column.
❑A row, also known as a tuple, entry, or record, is a collection of connected data. the
information from one subscription, for instance.
❑Redundancy is the practice of redundantly storing data to speed up a system.
❑A primary key is a key that is distinct. In a single table, a key value cannot appear twice.
Only one row can be located using a key.
CONT’D
❑Compound Key: A compound key (composite key) is a key that consists of multiple
columns, because one column is not sufficiently unique.
❑Index: An index in a database resembles an index at the back of a book.
❑Referential Integrity: Referential Integrity ensures that a value for a foreign key
always refers to a row that already exists.
❑A foreign key serves as the connecting thread between two tables.
MYSQL DATABASE
What can MySQL database achieve?
❑An open-source license governs the distribution of MySQL. So you have nothing to pay to use it. By
itself, MySQL is a pretty potent program. It manages a sizable portion of the most pricey and potent
database packages' features.
❑A standardized version of the well-known SQL data language is used by MySQL.
❑MySQL runs on various operating systems and with numerous languages including PHP, PERL, C, C++,
JAVA, etc.
❑Even with large data sets, MySQL operates quickly and effectively.
❑MySQL is particularly friendly to PHP, the most respected language for web development.
❑MySQL can handle very large databases.
❑MySQL can be customized. The MySQL software can be altered by programmers to fit their particular
environments thanks to the open-source GPL license.
INSTALLING MYSQLI
❑There various ways of installing MySQL
depending with the kind of Operating
System on your PC.
❑In this tutorial we are going to use the
most efficient way with know errors of
installing MySQL.
❑We will use the XAMPP application to
run a local server which comes with
MySQL Server.
INSTALLATION
❑Open in your browser https://www.apachefriends.org/download.html and
download the latest XAMPP application executable file.
❑XAMPP is an easy to install Apache distribution containing MariaDB, PHP,
and Perl. Just download and start the installer. It's that easy.
WINDOWS
MAC
LINUX
INSTALLING
CONT’D
After installation and upon launch, you are required to click on the “Start” on both
Apache and MySQL servers.
If you need to shut down the server you will click on “Stop”
SUCCESSFUL INSTALLATION
READY TO MYSQLI
With Xampp you can use the browser to create the database by clicking this link
http://localhost/phpmyadmin/ where by one can create the database from the GUI
interface.
There is also the shell terminal that helps the user also to create the database.
Shell terminal being somehow challenging for beginners we go step by step so that
you are not left behind.
If you’ll problems using shell terminal, I recommend using the first option of using the
browser interface.
MYSQL SHELL TERMNAL
We have launched the shell terminal and ready to start using some statements to proceed
USING TERMINAL
Use the script to launch MySQL on the terminal # mysql -u root –p
We are using default user with no password. The outcome is shown below
CREATING THE DATABASE
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE `firstdb`;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.049 sec)
The query was successful and the database named “firstdb” is created.
Let’s check if the database exists
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES;
DATABASE CREATED SUCCESSFULLY
The database was successfully created
as we can see it exists among the
databases with the server.
 CREATING TABLES
First let’s check if the database has any
table.
Syntax of creating table:
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `users`(
`userid` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT
PRIMARY KEY ,
`username` TEXT NOT NULL ,
`email` VARCHAR(55) NOT NULL ,
`password` VARCHAR(55) NOT NULL );
The table was successfully created.
We need to insert data into the table using the SQL
Statement Query
INSERT Statement:
INSERT INTO `users` (`userid`, `use
rname`, `email`, `password`) VALUES
(NULL, 'user1', 'ericijakaa4@gmail
.com', '1234’);
We did not include the value for userid hence
because we specified an autoincrement function
during table creation which means the values for
userid will be inserted automatically.
VIEW TABLE DATA
To check the values in a table we use the
following SQL Statement.
SELECT * FROM `users`;