Exercise 7B

1 0   cos 2100 − sin 2100 

1 a   d  
 0 −1
0
 sin 210 cos 2100 
 1 0 1  1   3 1 
b     =   so A’ = (1, −3) − 
 0 −1  3   −3 
= 2 2 
 1 0   3  3   1 3
    =   so B’ = (3, −3)  − − 
 0 −1  3   −3   2 2 
1 0  3  3  1 − 3 1 
    =   so C’ = (3, −2) =  
 0 −1  2   −2  2  −1 − 3 
 0 −1
2 a    2 2 
 −1 0   cos 225 − sin 225  
0 − 0 
e   2 2 
 0 −1 1  −1 =
b     =   so P’ = (−1, −1)  sin 225
0
cos 2250   2 2
 −1 0  1  −1 − − 
 2 2 
 0 −1  1   −3 
    =   so Q’ = (−3, −1) 1 − 2 2 
 −1 0   3   −1  =  
2  − 2 − 2 
 0 −1  2   −3 
    =   so R’ = (−3, −2)
 −1 0   3   −2   0 −1 1  −1
 0 −1  2   −1  4 a    =  
    =   so S’ = (−1, −2)  1 0   1  1 
 −1 0   1   −2   0 −1  4   −1
 cos 900 − sin 900   0 −1    =  
3 a  =  1 0 1  4 
 sin 90
0
cos 900   1 0 
 0 −1  4   −2 
 cos 2700 − sin 2700   0 1     =  
b  = 1 0  2  4 
0  
  −1 0 
0
 sin 270 cos 270 So A′ =
(−1,1), B ′ =
(−1, 4), C ′ =
(−2, 4)

 cos 450 − sin 450 

c  0 
 sin 45 cos 450 
 2 2
 − 
= 2 2 
 2 2 
 
 2 2 
1 2 − 2
=  
2  2 2 

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4 b 5 b
 3 1   3 +1  2 2 
− −   1  −  − 
 2 2 
=  2   2 2  2  0 
   = 
 1 3   1  1 − 3   2 2   2   −2 2 
 −    − − 
 2 2   2   2 2 
 3 1   4 3 +1  2 2   2 
− −  4  −  −  2  
 2 2 
  =  2   2 2 
  =  2 
 1 3 1  4 − 3   2 2  3  5 2 
 −    − −  − 
 2 2   2   2 2   2 
 3 1   4 3 +2  2 2   2 
− −  4  −  −  4  − 
 2 2 
  =  2   2 2 
  =  2 
 1  2
3    4−2 3   2 2  3  7 2 
 −    − −  − 
 2 2   2   2 2   2 
 3 1 1 3  2 2 
So A′ =− − , −  , − 
 2 2 2 2   2 2  4  − 2 
 = 
 1 3
 2 2   2   −3 2 
B′ = − − 
 −2 3 − , 2 −  ,  2 2 
 2 2 
C′ = (
−2 3 − 1, 2 − 3 )
So P′ = ( 0, − 2 2 ) ,
 2 5 2  2 7 2
Q′ =
 , −  , R′ =
 − ,-  ,
0 1 2  2   2 2   2 2 
5 a    =  
 −1 0   2   −2  S′ = (
− 2, − 3 2 )
0 1 2  3 
   =  
 −1 0   3   −2  6 a A represents a reflection in the x-axis.
 0 1 4  3  B represents a rotation through 270°
   =   anticlockwise about (0, 0).
 −1 0   3   −4  b (3, −2)
 0 1 4  2  c b = a − 3b ⇒ a − 4b = 0
   =   −a = 2a − 2b ⇒ 3a − 2b = 0
 −1 0   2   −4 
⇒ a= 0, b= 0
So=P′ (2, − 2),
Q′ =(3, − 2), R′ = (3, − 4 ), 7 a Rotation through 225° anticlockwise
S=′ (2, − 4 ) about (0, 0)
1 1
b − p+ q=− 2
2 2
⇒ − p + q = −2 ⇒ p − q = 2
1 1
− p= q=−2 2
2 2
⇒ − p − q = −4 ⇒ p + q = 4
⇒ p = 3, q = 1

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  1 1 
 2 2 
7 c  Challenge
 1 1 
− 
 2 2
 1 1 
 2 2   − 2   −3 
d   = 
 1 1   −2 2   −1 
− 
 2 2
So C ′ =(−3, −1)
Rotation through 45 clockwise
about (0,0)

8 a Reflection in the line y = x 1

b Lines of the form y =− x + k for any The diagram shows that rotating   by θ
0
value of k
 cos θ  0
1 0 takes it to   and rotating   by θ takes
c    sin θ  1
0 1
9 a a = −0.5  − sin θ  1
it to   . We know that the image of  
b cos θ = −0.5 ⇒ θ = 120 or 240  cos θ  0
So possible matrices are is the first column of the matrix representing the
 cos120 − sin120   −0.5 −0.866  0
 = transformation and that the image of   is the
  
 sin120 
cos120   0.866 −0.5  1
 cos 240 − sin 240   −0.5 0.866  second column of the matrix representing the
 =  transformation. So the matrix representing the
 sin 240

cos 240   −0.866 −0.5 
 cos θ − sin θ 
 0 −1 transformation is  
10 a    sin θ cos θ 
1 0 
b a − 5b =−b ⇒ a =4b
3b = a ⇒ a = 3b
So=a 0,= b 0

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