1) One Network(with one PC) One Switch:

Step1: Put one PC & One Generic Switch

Step2: Connect them both with copper straight cable
Step3: Open property of My PC >> Desktop >> IP Configure
Now set following,
IP Address: 192.168.0.1
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
You Are UP!!!!!!!!
 2) Two Network(two PC each) One Switch:

Step1: Put four PC & One Generic Switch

PC0 & PC1 for Network 1
PC2 & PC3 for Network 2
Step2: Connect them all with copper straight cable
Step3: Set following IP & Mask

PC Name IP Address Subnet Mask

PC0 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
PC1 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0
PC2 172.16.0.1 255.255.0.0
PC3 172.16.0.2 255.255.0.0
Try to ping each other and see what happens…

Observation: Though they are connected with each other with single
switch only PC0&PC1 can communicate with each other and
PC2&PC3 can communicate with each other.

Conclusion: For two computers to communicate, they must be in

same logical network.
 3) Two Network Two Switch One Router:

Step1: Put four PC, One Generic Switch & One Generic Router
PC0 & PC1 for Network 1
PC2 & PC3 for Network 2
Step2: Connect them all(Switch & PCs) with copper straight cable
Step3: Connect Switches with Router using Fiber Cable
Step4: Set following IP & Mask

PC Name IP Address Subnet Mask

PC0 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0
PC1 192.168.0.3 255.255.255.0
PC2 172.16.0.2 255.255.0.0
PC3 172.16.0.3 255.255.0.0
Step5: Set the Router’s FastEthernet IP Address in its respective
Interface IP Configuration as follow.
Interface IP Address Subnet Mask
Cable connected with Switch 0 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
Cable connected with Switch 1 172.16.0.1 255.255.0.0

Try to ping each other and see what happens…

Observation: Two network 192.168.0.0/24 and 172.16.0.0/16 can

communicate now. We have not specified(applied) any routing
algorithm.

Conclusion: With Router, We can make communication between two

different networks. When different networks are connected with
only one router then they don’t need to use routing algorithm
because router knows the all networks and where to send packets.
 4) Two Network Two Switch Two Router:

Step1: Put four PC, One Generic Switch & One Generic Router
PC0 & PC1 for Network 1
PC2 & PC3 for Network 2
Step2: Connect them all(Switch & PCs) with copper straight cables
Step3: Connect Switches with Router using Fiber Cables
Step4: Connect Routers with Fiber Cables
Step5: Set following IP & Mask

PC Name IP Address Subnet Mask

PC0 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0
PC1 192.168.0.3 255.255.255.0
PC2 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
PC3 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0

Step6: Set the Router’s FastEthernet IP Address in its respective

Interface IP Configuration as follow.

Router 0:
Interface IP Address Subnet Mask
Cable connected with Switch 0 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
Cable connected with Router 1 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0

Router 1:
Interface IP Address Subnet Mask
Cable connected with Switch 1 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Cable connected with Router 0 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.0

Step7: Add network address in RIP for routing the packets.

Router 0:
192.168.0.0
172.16.0.0

Router 1:
192.168.1.0
172.16.0.0

Try to ping each other and see what happens…

Observation: Two network 192.168.0.0/24 and 192.168.1.0/24 can

communicate now. We have to configure routing algorithm (In our
case RIP).
Conclusion: With Router, We can make communication between two
different networks. When different networks are connected with
more than router then we need to use routing algorithm because
router has to decide where to send packets.
 5) Three Network Three Switch Three Router:

Step1: Put six PC, three Generic Switch & three Generic Router
PC0 & PC1 for Network 1
PC2 & PC3 for Network 2
PC4 & PC5 for Network 3
Step2: Connect them all(Switch & PCs) with copper straight cables
Step3: Connect Switches with Router using Fiber Cables
Step4: Connect Routers with Fiber Cables
Step5: Set following IP & Mask

PC Name IP Address Subnet Mask

PC0 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0
PC1 192.168.0.3 255.255.255.0
PC2 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
PC3 192.168.1.3 255.255.255.0
PC4 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0
PC5 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0

Step6: Set the Router’s FastEthernet IP Address in its respective

Interface IP Configuration as follow.

Router 0:
Interface IP Address Subnet Mask
Cable connected with Switch 0 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
Cable connected with Router 1 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0

Router 1:
Interface IP Address Subnet Mask
Cable connected with Switch 1 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
Cable connected with Router 0 172.16.0.2 255.255.255.0
Cable connected with Router 2 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0

Router 2:
Interface IP Address Subnet Mask
Cable connected with Switch 2 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
Cable connected with Router 1 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0

Step7: Add network address in RIP for routing the packets.

Router 0:
192.168.0.0
172.16.0.0

Router 1:
192.168.1.0
172.16.0.0
Router 2:
192.168.2.0
172.16.0.0

Try to ping each other and see what happens…

Observation: Three network 192.168.0.0/24 and 192.168.1.0/24 and

192.168.2.0/24 can communicate now. We have to configure routing
algorithm (In our case RIP).

Conclusion: With Routers, We can make communication between

many different networks.

THE END