NGUYÊN NHÂN GÂY UNG THƯ

I. YẾU TỐ NGOẠI SINH

1. Hút thuốc lá
2. Uống rượu
3. Ăn trầu
4. Ánh sáng mặt trời
1. Hút thuốc lá
Slide 1: [1]

Slide 2: [2]
Ingredients of cigarettes
[3]
Slide 3:
Smoking and Tobacco Products [4]

[5]
[5]Slide 4:

Tobacco-related cancers

Proportion of cancer cases that are attributable to tobacco smoking, and number
of new cases per year that could be prevented. [6]
Most of the 19.4% of cancer cases in Europe that are attributable to tobacco (population attributable fraction; PAF)
are cancers of the lung. Cancers at other sites account for 50% of cancers caused by tobacco smoking in Europe.

Slide 5:
Tobacco-related cancers
Lung cancer mortality and smoking prevalence in the UK (1950–2013) and Poland (1960–2013)
and selected tobacco control interventions in the two countries [7]

This figure shows that the mortality rate for lung cancer in men aged 30–79 years in the UK peaked in the early 1970s at about 160
per 100 000 per year and has since declined dramatically. In contrast, the lung cancer mortality rate in men in Poland only peaked
two decades later; this can be partly attributed to the later commencement of the effective prevention of tobacco exposure through
national control policy measures. In the UK, the first TV advertisement bans and health warnings on cigarette packs appeared in the
early 1960s. In Poland, such initial measures were not taken until the late 1980s.
Slide 6:
2. Uống rượu [8]

Smoking and drinking together – and the number of increases your risk of developing cancer.

Slide 7
3. Ăn trầu [9]
Ung thư niêm mạc miệng
Slide 8:

4. Ánh sáng mặt trời [10]

Reference
1. What’s In a Cigarette? | American Lung Association. <https://www.lung.org/quit-smoking/smoking-
facts/whats-in-a-cigarette>
2. Table 11 / p2. ResearchGate, <https://www.researchgate.net/figure/p2_tbl3_305681607>
3. Table 4 . Respiratory effects -mainstream smoke. ResearchGate
<https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Respiratory-effects-mainstream-smoke_tbl1_305681607>
4. What’s In a Cigarette? | American Lung Association. <https://www.lung.org/quit-smoking/smoking-
facts/whats-in-a-cigarette>
5. Soleimani F., Dobaradaran S., De-la-Torre G.E., et al. (2022). Content of toxic components of cigarette,
cigarette smoke vs cigarette butts: A comprehensive systematic review. Science of The Total
Environment, 813, 152667.
6. Bray F., Ferlay J., Soerjomataram I., et al. (2018). Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of
incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA A Cancer J Clinicians, 68(6), 394–
424.
7. Kulhánová I., Forman D., Vignat J., et al. (2020). Tobacco-related cancers in Europe: The scale of the
epidemic in 2018. European Journal of Cancer, 139, 27–36.
8. cancer C.C.S./ S. canadienne du Some sobering facts about alcohol and cancer risk. Canadian Cancer
Society, <https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/reduce-your-risk/limit-alcohol/some-sobering-facts-
about-alcohol-and-cancer-risk>
9. IARC Monographs Programme finds betel-quid and areca-nut chewing carcinogenic to humans.
<https://www.who.int/news/item/07-08-2003-iarc-monographs-programme-finds-betel-quid-and-
areca-nut-chewing-carcinogenic-to-humans>
10.Working under the sun causes 1 in 3 deaths from non-melanoma skin cancer, say WHO and ILO.
<https://www.who.int/news/item/08-11-2023-working-under-the-sun-causes-1-in-3-deaths-from-non-
melanoma-skin-cancer--say-who-and-ilo>