In the experiment, the gate-source voltage (VGS) varied from 0 to -6 volts, and the drain-source

voltage (VDS) ranged from 0 to 8 volts. When setting the gate-source and drain-source voltage to
0 V, the drain current (ID) was 0 mA. Increasing the gate-source voltage (VGS) showed a
consistent 0 mA current through the drain (ID). This absence of current indicates that the
transistor is in the cut-off region, non-conductive under these voltage conditions. The
observation of ID yielding 0 mA when the gate-source voltage is -1 to -6 volts is caused by the
characteristics of the MPF-102 Transistor, where a negative gate-source voltage generates a
depletion region in the channel, limits the flow of current. When the gate-source voltage (V GS) is
set to 0V and the drain-source voltage (VDS) ranges from 1 to 8 volts, the transistor conducts.
This shift from cut-off to active conduction was verified with a digital multimeter, indicating
current flow between the drain and source terminals at 0V gate-source voltage.
The JFET n-Channel Characteristics Chart, shown in Figure 64, reveals a direct and proportional
relationship between the applied drain-source voltage (Vds) and the resulting drain current (Id).
As Vds is gradually increased from 1V to 8V, Id shows a consistent and noticeable increase. This
behavior is consistent with the expected characteristics of a JFET. The initial step up in Vds from
1V to 2V causes an increase in Id from 6.42mA to 7.52mA, demonstrating the device's
sensitivity to voltage changes. This pattern continues with subsequent increases in Vds, with
current values reaching 8.2mA at 3V, 9.44mA at 5V, 9.95mA at 6V, 10.44mA at 7V, and
eventually peaking at 10.9mA at 8V. This observed pattern represents the JFET's response to
variations in the external applied voltage, providing useful information for circuit designers and
engineers. The analysis emphasizes the importance of understanding and controlling Vds in order
to regulate the JFET's operating characteristics, as well as its utility in electronic circuits
requiring precise current control.