Madan Mohan Malaviya University Of Technology, Gorakhpur U.P.

Topic- Manufacturing Process Of Formaldehyde

Department of chemical engineering

Presented to: Presented by:

Dr. Prateek khare Vandana patel
Department of chemical engineering Roll no.- 2022061067
 Madan Mohan Malaviya University Of Technology, Gorakhpur U.P.

Index:
1-introduction
2-manufacturing process
3-physical &chemical
properties
4-uses of formaldehyde
 Madan Mohan Malaviya University Of Technology, Gorakhpur U.P.

INTRODUCTION:-
Formaldehyde is an organic compound with the formula CH₂O and structure H−CHO.
The compound is a pungent, colourless gas that polymerises spontaneously into
paraformaldehyde. It is stored as aqueous solutions, which consists mainly of the
hydrate CH₂(OH)₂. It is the simplest of the aldehydes.

Formaldehyde is used in many industries. It’s used in glues and resins, dyes, textiles,
disinfectants, building materials, automobile parts, embalming, and laboratories.
 Madan Mohan Malaviya University Of Technology, Gorakhpur U.P.

Manufacturing process of formaldehyde:

Natural Production of Methanol :
In a typical plant, methanol production is carried out in two steps. The first step is to
convert the feedstock natural gas into a synthesis gas stream consisting of carbon
monoxide, carbon dioxide (CO2), water (H2O) and hydrogen. This is usually
accomplished by the catalytic reforming of feed gas and steam. Partial oxidation is
another possible route. The second step is the catalytic synthesis of methanol from the
synthesis gas. Each of these steps can be carried out in a number of ways and various
technologies offer a spectrum of possibilities which may be most suitable for any
desired application.
Step 1 - synthesis gas production:
Conventional steam reforming is the simplest and most widely practiced route to
synthesis gas production:
•2 CH4 + 3 H2O CO + CO2 + 7 H2 (synthesis gas)
•(methane)
• CO + CO2 + 7 H2 2 CH3OH + 2 H2 + H2O
This process results in a considerable hydrogen surplus, as can be seen.
 Madan Mohan Malaviya University Of Technology, Gorakhpur U.P.

Manufacturing process of formaldehyde:

Step 2 - Catalytic synthesis of methanol from the synthesis gas :
•If an external source of CO2 is available, the excess hydrogen can be consumed
and converted to additional methanol. The most favorable gasification processes
are those in which the surplus hydrogen is “burnt” to water, during which steam
reforming is accomplished through the following partial oxidation reaction:
•CH4 + ½O2 CO + 2 H2 CH3OH
•CH4 + O2 CO2 + 2 H2
•The carbon dioxide and hydrogen produced in the last equation would then
react with additional hydrogen from the top set of reactions to produce
additional methanol. This gives the highest efficiency, but may be at additional
capital cost. Unlike the reforming process, the synthesis of methanol is highly
exothermic, taking place over a catalyst bed at moderate temperatures. Most
plant designs make use of this extra energy to generate electricity needed in the
process.
 Madan Mohan Malaviya University Of Technology, Gorakhpur U.P.

Manufacturing process of formaldehyde:

 Madan Mohan Malaviya University Of Technology, Gorakhpur U.P.

Physical Property Formaldehyde :

Odour Suffocating odour

Appearance Colourless gas

Covalently-Bonded Unit 1

Hydrogen Bond Acceptor 1

Complexity 2

Solubility Soluble in water and acetone.

 Madan Mohan Malaviya University Of Technology, Gorakhpur U.P.

Chemical Properties of Formaldehyde – CH2O

Chemical properties Value

Molecular Weight 30.026
Melting Point - 1180 C (decomposes at 1640 C into CO2
and H2O)
Boiling Point -190 C
Color Colorless (Gasseous, Liquid phase) White
solid crystalline
Odor Pungent, suffocating smell
Flash point 640 C
Solubility Water, alcohol and polar solvents Slightly
soluble in hydrocarbons, chloroform,ether
 Madan Mohan Malaviya University Of Technology, Gorakhpur U.P.

Uses Of Formaldehyde :
Madan Mohan Malaviya University Of Technology, Gorakhpur U.P.