ERC

AWASH – KOMBOLCHA – HARA GEBAYA

RAILWAY PROJECT

Employer’s Representative:

AWASH WASTE WATER TREATMENT

UNIT DESIGN REPORT
Report No
A K H - Y M I - D D - WW 0 1 X - D - C E - R E P - 9 0 0 1 - 0
Project Organization Stage Location Category Discipline Type of Number Vers.
Document

05.10.2018
 ERC AKH Railway Project

Project:

AWASH – KOMBOLCHA – HARA GEBAYA

RAILWAY PROJECT, ETHIOPIA

Employer:

ETHIOPIAN RAILWAYS CORPORATION (ERC)

Employer’s Representative:

Contractor:

www.ym.com.tr

Designer:

Report Name:

AWASH WASTE WATER TREATMENT UNIT

DESIGN REPORT

Report No:
A K H - Y M I - D D - WW 0 1 X - D - C E - R E P - 9 0 0 1 - 0
Project Organization Stage Location Category Discipline Type of Number Vers.
Document

AWASH WASTE WATER

TREATMENT UNIT DESIGN REPORT
AKH – YMI – DD –WW01X – D – CE – REP – 9001– 0 05.10.2018
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 ERC AKH Railway Project

DATE : 05.10.2018

VERSION HISTORY

Version Details Date Amended By

0 First Issue 05.10.2018 YM Design Group

PREPARED BY

YM Structural Design
Edited by Ö. Yöney
Engineer

YM Structural Design
Checked by C. Avcı
Engineer

YM Structural Design
Checked by C. Özaydın
Engineer

YM General Structural
Approved by Ö. Güzel
Design Manager

Approved by Z. Uygun YM Deputy GM, Design

Approved by E. Cengiz YM Project Manager

APPROVAL

APPROVED APPROVED AS NOTED REJECTED

APPROVED BY

Name Title Signature & Stamp

AWASH WASTE WATER

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 ERC AKH Railway Project
CONTENTS
CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................................................. 4
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................................... 5

1 STRUCTURAL DESIGN PARAMETERS.................................................................................................................................. 7

1.1 Material Properties .................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.2 Rebar Splice .............................................................................................................................................................. 7
1.3 Soil Properties ........................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.4 Site Seismicity .......................................................................................................................................................... 8
2 LOAD DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................................................................ 9
2.1 Gravity Induced Loads .............................................................................................................................................. 9
2.2 Temperature Induced Loads ..................................................................................................................................... 9
2.3 Wind Induced Loads ................................................................................................................................................. 9
2.4 Soil Pressure ............................................................................................................................................................. 9
2.5 Surcharge Pressure .................................................................................................................................................. 10
2.6 Seismicity Induced Loads ....................................................................................................................................... 10
2.7 Water Hydrostatic Load .......................................................................................................................................... 13
2.8 Load Case and Combination Definitions ................................................................................................................ 13
3 MEMBER DESIGN ............................................................................................................................................................. 15
3.1 Slab At +0.00 .......................................................................................................................................................... 15
3.2 Slab at Bottom Level on Grade ............................................................................................................................... 18
3.3 Walls ....................................................................................................................................................................... 21
3.4 Check for Base Pressure ......................................................................................................................................... 26
4 REFERENCES.................................................................................................................................................................... 27

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

INTRODUCTION

This report contains the analysis and design details of “Waste Water Treatment Unit” which is about a pit
having 12.00 m. depth, 3.0x3.0 m. net plan dimensions to serve as a balance tank of 27 m3 and a slab on grade
having net plan dimensions 6.14X3.60 m. to support the “Waste Water Treatment Unit Equipments”.
There are two openings at the level of ground which is given as +893.460.
Wastewater inlet having a diameter of 300 mm. is placed at the level so that a 27 m3 water can be stored
inside the pit.
The cover for the openings are designed by chequered plates and supporting members so that they will be
capable to resist a live load of 20 kN/m 2.
The design is done according to the assumption that the level of backfilling around the pit will be done by
taking into consideration that the level of backfilling at each face will be not more than 2 meter different in height
than the other face to not to result an unfavourable loading case.

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

Also for the above mentioned pit there has been already layed part that refers to a thinner foundation plate
and less thick wall. In this report the sections are also designed for it is consits of the existing plate plus
additionally placed new plate. The existing condition is given below in dark colour.

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

1 STRUCTURAL DESIGN PARAMETERS

1.1 Material Properties
Material properties used for design are presented below.
 Concrete

m concrete : 1.5

fck : 30 N/mm2
fcd : 20 N/mm2
fctk : 2.0 N/mm2
fctd : 1.33 N/mm2
Ec : 33 GPa
 Rebar

m steel : 1.15

fyk : 500 N/mm2

fyd : 435 N/mm2

1.2 Rebar Splice

Calculated splice lengths for various rebar diameters are presented below.
Table 1 Lap Splice Length Calculation

h1 h1 fbd fbd lb,rqd lb,rqd l0 l0

rebar ssd fctd h2 a 1-5 a 6 l0 min
CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 1 CASE 2 CASE 1 CASE 2

mm N/mm2 N/mm2 - - - N/mm2 N/mm2 mm mm - - mm mm mm

10 500 1.33 1 0.7 1 2.99 2.09 418 597 1 1.5 627 895 200
12 500 1.33 1 0.7 1 2.99 2.09 501 716 1 1.5 752 1074 200
14 500 1.33 1 0.7 1 2.99 2.09 585 835 1 1.5 877 1253 210
16 500 1.33 1 0.7 1 2.99 2.09 668 955 1 1.5 1003 1432 240
20 500 1.33 1 0.7 1 2.99 2.09 835 1193 1 1.5 1253 1790 300

1.3 Soil Properties

Soil properties used for design are presented below.
Allowable Soil Pressure : 250 kN/m2
Sub Grade Modulus : 15000 kN/m3
Design angle of internal friction of retained material ,F : 30o

Density of retained material : 20 kN/m3

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 ERC AKH Railway Project
1.4 Site Seismicity
Seismic properties of site and used spectrum without any modification factor are presented below.
Ground Type :C
Type of Elastic Response Spectra : Type 1
agR : 0.2
ag : 0.2
S (Soil Factor) : 1.15
TB(s) : 0.2
TC(s) : 0.6

TYPE 1 ELASTIC RESPONSE SPECTRA FOR GROUND TYPE C

6.00
Spectral Acc.

5.50

5.00

4.50

4.00

3.50

3.00

2.50

2.00

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00
Period ( s )

Figure 1. Design Spectrum

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

2 LOAD DEFINITIONS
2.1 Gravity Induced Loads

Gravity induced loads are presented below.

 D Load Case consists from the self-weight of the structural members and taken in to account by the
analysis program.
 M Load Case consists from the equipment load on the slab foundation and equal to 20 kN/m2

2.2 Temperature Induced Loads

Temperature induced loads are not considered.

2.3 Wind Induced Loads

Temperature induced loads are not considered.

2.4 Soil Pressure

Depending on the assumptions for the soil properties;
Ka= (1-Sin F) / (1+Sin F) = 0.333

HP= 12.65 m.
Sp= 12.65x0.333x20=84.25 kN/m2

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 ERC AKH Railway Project
2.5 Surcharge Pressure
Depending on the assumptions for the soil properties and the live load on the ground of 20 kN/m 2 ;
Ka= (1-Sin F) / (1+Sin F)= 0.333
LL= 20 kN/m2.
Lp= 0.333x20= 6.6 kN/m2

2.6 Seismicity Induced Loads

 Figure 2.1

 Figure 2.2

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

Plan dimensions of the pit 2L=3.0 m. (See L for Figure 2.1)

h 3.0
a = =2.0 where;
L 1.5
h is the depth of the water level as given in Figure 2.1
L is the half of the base dimension of the tank along the seismic effect as given in Figure 2.1

As for Housner if a> 1.5 then the storage is called assumed “deep” so that a mass of M2 remains as a part of the
storage and not effected by dynamic effect.
Since the storage pit has a rectangular base then coofficients are given as;
b=0.527 c=1.58 d=1.32 e=2.50 (by Housner)
s  h 1.5L  3.0 1.5x1.5  0.75m. where s is the height of the M2 as given in Figure 2.2
M  ( LxL) xhxw  (3.0 x3.0) x3.0 x1.0  27.0t  270kN ; total weight of the liquid in the storage

M 0 = tanh( 3/a) =0.807

M 3/a
M 0 =0.807x(27.0 x103 ) x2.25 / 3.0=16.34x103 kg=163.4 kN (See Figure 2.2)

M 1  b tanh(ca)  0,527 tanh(1,58 x 2.0)  0, 263

M a 2.0
M1 =0.263x(27.0 x103 )=7.1x103 kg =71 kN (See Figure 2.2)

kxh
=(ca)xtanh(ca)=(1.58x2.0)xtanh(1.58x2.0)=3.15
M1 xg
h0
=0.375  h 0 =0.375x3.0=1.125 (See Figure 2.2)
h
h1 cosh(ca)   cosh(ca)  1 cosh(3.16)  1
=1- =1- =1- =0.710  h1 =0.710x3.0=2.13m (See Figure 2.2)
h ca sinh(ca) ca sinh(ca) 3.16sinh(3.16)
kxh 3.15 xM1 xg 3.15 x27 x0, 263x9.81
=3.15  k    73.0 kN / m
M1 xg h 3

kN m
73.1 x9.81 2
=
k
= m s  3.17 s 1  T  2  1.96s
M1 71kN 3.17
..
Sa / v max  0.75   0.02için

Sa  0.75 x0.2 x9.81  1.5 m / s 2

Sv  Sa /   1.5 / 3.20  0.47 m / s
vmax  Sv /   0.47 / 3.2  0,15 m

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 ERC AKH Railway Project
tanh(ca) 0.996
d max / vmax  dx  1.32 x  1, 75
vmax 0.15
1  ea 2
tanh (ca) 1  2.5 x2.0 x 0,992
h 3.0
dmax  1.75x0.15  0.263m.
.
FM 1  k vmax  73.0 kN/ m x0.15m  5.48kN

163.4kN m
FM 0  M 0 Sa  x1.5 2  24.5kN
m s
9.81 2
s
where FM1 is the equivalent lateral force due to mass M1 and FM0 is the equivalent lateral force due to mass M0.
On the other hand, the lateral force due to the weight of the pit is given;
ch  0.3( I  1) Ag  0.3x(1.0  1) x0.2  0.120
Where I is the importance factor of the structure, and Ag is the seismicity of the region

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 ERC AKH Railway Project
2.7 Water Hydrostatic Load
Water level of 3 meter high from the bottom level is accepted as a loading case .

2.8 Load Case and Combination Definitions

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3 MEMBER DESIGN
3.1 Slab At +0.00

 Mx-Moment Diagram

 My-Moment Diagram

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

 Plan at el +0.000

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

 Thickness of slab is 300 mm.

 D12/200 reinforcement is used along both sides top and bottom. ==>
1  0.0023

0.18
VRd ,c  ( ) k(100 x1 xf ck )0.33 xbw xd  0.035 xk 1.5 xf ck 0.5 xbw xd
C

k  1  (200 / d )0.5  1  (200 / 250)0.5  1.894

0.18 0.23
VRd ,c  max(( ) x1.894 x(100 x x30)0.33 xbw xd );(0.035x1.8941.5 x300.5 xbw xd ))
1.5 100

0.18 0.23
VRd ,c  max(( ) x1.894 x(100 x x30)0.33 xbw xd );(0.035x1.8941.5 x300.5 xbw xd ))
1.5 100
VRd ,c  max(0.378bwd ;0.500bwd )  0,500bwd  0,500 x250 x1000  125.0kN

kg
Vc  1.8 x(100 x25)cm2  4500kg  45kN  Vc  VRd,c
cm2
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 ERC AKH Railway Project
3.2 Slab at Bottom Level on Grade

54 kNm/m

25.3 kNm/m

 Mx-My moment diagram for Slab at Bottom Level on Grade

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

 Revised Section for the foundation plate (D14/200 is placed for the existing foundation plate T&B)

For accepting the two layer as one plate of 500 mm thick the new concrete is poured on the existing layer
after the existing concrete later is chipped and cleared out from dust and free materials and a chemical resin is
applied by 2 mm thickness on the surface.

As for the top reinforcement in the middle of the slab, the bending moment is 25.2 kNm/m and top
reinforcement is given as D16/150. This requires 124 mm2/m reinforcement where D16/150 rfers to 1206 mm 2/m

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

As for the bottom reinforcement at the edges of the slab, the bending moment is 54.61 kNm/m and top
reinforcement is given as D14/200 (Bottom reinforcement of the existing foundation slab). This requires 269
mm2/m reinforcement where D14/200 refers to 770 mm2/m

As for the check for the thickness fur shear force;

0.18
VRd ,c  ( ) k(100 x1 xf ck )0.33 xbw xd  0.035 xk 1.5 xf ck 0.5 xbw xd
C

k  1  (200 / d )0.5  1  (200 / 500)0.5  1.632

0.18
VRd ,c  max(( ) x1.632 x(100 x2.7 x103 x30) 0.33 xbw xd );(0.035 x1.6321.5 x300.5 xbw xd ))
1.5

VRd ,c  max(0.391bwd ;0.400bwd )  0.400bwd  0.400 x500 x1000  200.0kN

Vc  200 x1.00 x0.60  120.0kN  Vc  VRd,c

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3.3 Walls

 Mx and My Diagrams for Walls

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

Existing Wall 300 mm.

D12/200 lateral and
vertical top and bottom
reinforcement

New concreteWall 150 mm.

D16/200 vertical as the outer
reinforcement and D16/150
lateral outer reinforcement.

Total wall 450 mm.

D16/10 vertical as the outer and
D12/200 vertical inner
reinforcement and D16/150
lateral outer and D12/200
lateral inner reinforcement.
 Wall Section

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 ERC AKH Railway Project
As for the vertical reinforcement of the walls the reinforcement outer is D16/200 and inner reinforcement is
D12/200 and thickness is 450 mm as below after placing new layer of new concrete by adhesively attaching it to
the existing wall by applying the same procedure as for the foundation slab.

As for the outer vertical reinforcement the bending moment is 31.05 kNm/m and outer reinforcement is
given as D16/200. The capacity is 204 kNm/m

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

As for the inner vertical reinforcement the bending moment is 20.134 kNm/m and outer reinforcement is
given as D12/200. The capacity is 115 kNm/m.

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

As for the inner lateral reinforcement the bending moment is 62.5 kNm/m and outer reinforcement is given
as D12/200. The capacity is 115 kNm/m.

As for the outer lateral reinforcement the bending moment is 42.1 kNm/m and outer reinforcement is given
as D16/150. The capacity is 245 kNm/m.

 Thickness of the wall is chosen as 450 mm. and adequate for the shear force of the concrete slab

0.18
VRd ,c  ( ) k(100 x1 xf ck )0.33 xbw xd  0.035 xk 1.5 xf ck 0.5 xbw xd
C

k  1  (200 / d )0.5  1  (200 / 400)0.5  1.707

0.18
VRd ,c  max(( ) x1.707 x(100 x2.3x103 x30) 0.33 xbw xd );(0.035 x1.7071.5 x300.5 xbw xd ))
1.5

VRd ,c  max(0.387bwd ;0.428bwd )  0.428bwd  0.428x400x1000  171200N  171.2kN

Vc  3.5x100 x40 /100  140kN  Vc  VRd,c

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3.4 Check for Base Pressure

Base pressure ise smaller than the base pressure limit which is 0,25 MPa

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 ERC AKH Railway Project

4 REFERENCES
1- EN 1990 Eurocode 0 - Basis of structural design

2- EN 1991-1-1 Eurocode 1- Actions on structures

Part 1-1: General actions - Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildings
3- EN 1991-1-5 Eurocode 1- Actions on structures
Part 1-5: General Actions- Thermal Actions
4- EN 1992-1-1 Eurocode 2- Design of concrete structures
Part 1-1: General Rules and Rules for Buildings
5- EN 1998-1 Eurocode 8- Design of structures for earthquake resistance
Part 1: General rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings
6- STAAD.Pro Structural Analysis and Design Program, Bentley

7- The Dynamic Behavior of Water Tanks, G.W.Housner

AWASH WASTE WATER

TREATMENT UNIT DESIGN REPORT
AKH – YMI – DD –WW01X – D – CE – REP – 9001– 0 05.10.2018
This report must not be either loaned, copied or otherwise reproduced in whole or in part or used for any purpos e
without the prior written permission of Yapı Merkezi. © Yapi Merkezi Insaat ve Sanayi A.Ş.,2015 Page: 27 / 27