CHUYÊN ĐỀ CHUYỂN ĐỔI HTHT SANG QKĐ VÀ NGƯỢC LẠI

DẠNG 1: Cấu trúc The first time và …. never… before

Câu mẫu: This is the first time + S + have/ has + VpII… (Đây là lần đầu…)
= S + have/has + never + P2 + before. (…chưa bao giờ làm trước đây)
Ví dụ: This is the first time I have seen him (đây là lần đầu tôi thấy anh ta)
=> I have never seen him before. (tôi chưa bao giờ thấy anh ta trước đây)

DẠNG 2: Cấu trúc với Started/ Began + Ving

Câu mẫu: S + started/began + V-ing + …… + thời gian trong QK (ago/when)
= S + have/ has + P2 +…… + for/since + thời gian.
Ví dụ: I started/ began studying English 3 years ago. (Tôi bắt đầu học Tiếng Anh
cách đây 3 năm)
=> I have studied English for 3 years. ( Tôi học Tiếng Anh được 3 năm )
Nếu không có ago mà có when + mệnh đề thì giữ nguyên mệnh đề chỉ đổi when
thành since thôi nhé!

DẠNG 3: Cấu trúc với Last (lần cuối)

Câu mẫu: S + last + Ved/Vcột2 +….. thời gian QK (when/ago)
= S + haven’t/ hasn’t + P2 +…… since/ for …..
Ví dụ: I last saw him when I was a student. (Lần cuồi cùng tôi thấy anh ta là khi tôi
là sinh viên)
=> I haven't seen him since I was a student. (Tôi đã không thấy anh ta từ khi tôi là
sinh viên)

DẠNG 4: Cấu trúc với The last time (lần cuối)

Câu mẫu: The last time + S + Ved/Vcột2 + ….. + was + thời gian QK (when/ago)
= S + haven’t/ hasn’t + P2 + ….. since/for …..
Ví dụ: The last time she went out with him was two years ago. (Lần cuối cô ta đi chơi
với anh ta cách đây 2 năm)
=> She hasn't gone out with him for two years.( Cô ta đã không đi chơi với anh ta đã
2 năm nay )

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DẠNG 5: Cấu trúc Đã bao lâu kể từ khi làm gì đó lần cuối
Câu mẫu: It’s + khoảng thời gian + since + S + last + Ved/Vcột2 +…
= S + haven’t/ hasn’t + P2 + ….. + for + khoảng thời gian
Ví dụ: It's ten years since I last met him. (Đã 10 năm từ khi tôi gặp anh ta lần cuối)
=> I haven't met him for ten years. (Tôi đã không gặp anh ta 10 năm rồi)

DẠNG 6: Câu hỏi

Câu mẫu: When did + S + V +…..?
= How long have/ has + S + P2+ ….?
Ví dụ: When did you buy this car ? ( Bạn đã mua xe này khi nào vậy?)
=> How long have you bought a car? ( Bạn đã mua xe này được bao lâu rồi? )

Bài 1: Fill in the blank with the verbs in their Past Simple form
1. I __________ (not / drink) any beer last night.
2. Anna __________ (get on) the bus in the centre of the city.
3. What time __________ (he / get up) yesterday?
4. Where __________ (you / get off) the train?
5. I __________ (not / change) trains at Waterloo.
6. We __________ (wake up) very late.
7. What __________ (he / give) his mother for her birthday?
8. Alain __________ (have) a shower.
9. Why __________ (you / not come)?
10. __________ (he / go) to the party?
Bài 3: Fill in the blank with the verbs in their correct form
1. Jamie __________ (break) her leg, so she can’t come skiing.
2. I __________ (never / go) to Vienna.
3. We __________ (not use) the computer last night.
4. William __________ (break) his arm when he __________ (fall) off a horse last
week.
5. I __________ (know) about the problem for months, but I __________ (not / find)
a solution yet.
6. When __________ (you / arrive) last night?
7. Amy __________ (be) a teacher for 20 years, and she still enjoys it.
8. How long __________ (you / know) her?
9. __________ you __________ (eat) Thai food before?

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10. The children __________ (break) a window last week.
Bài 4: Rewrite the sentences
1. The last time I met him was 4 months ago.
I _________________________.
2. I haven’t seen him since last week.
The last time _________________________.
3. When did you go here?
How long _________________________?
4. Hannah started writing books 2 years ago.
Hannah _________________________.
5. She lived in Hanoi when she was a child.
She _________________________. (since)
6. My dog last had a bath a week ago.
My dog _________________________.
7. I last saw him when I was a student.
I _________________________.
8. It’s ten years since David stopped playing the piano.
David _________________________.
9. The last time I wrote to her was two years ago.
I _________________________.
10. It has been 20 years since we last saw Julie.
We _________________________.

Bài 5: Viết lại câu không thay đổi nghĩa:

1) This is the first time he went abroad.

=> He hasn't.................................................................................................

2) She started driving 1 month ago.

=> She has....................................................................................................

3) We began eating when it started to rain.

=> We have...................................................................................................

4) I last had my hair cut when I left her.

=> I haven't....................................................................................................

5) The last time she kissed me was 5 months ago.

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=> She hasn't.................................................................................................

6) It is a long time since we last met.

=> We haven't................................................................................................

7) When did you have it ?

=> How long .................................................................................................?

8) This is the first time I had such a delicious meal .

=> I haven't..................................................................................................

9) I haven't seen him for 8 days.

=> The last ..................................................................................................

10) I haven't taken a bath since Monday.

=> It is .........................................................................................................
11) Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997
Samuel has ___________________________________
12)We started learning English fìve years ago.
We have ___________________________________
13) I began living in Ho Chi Minh City when I was 8.
I have ___________________________________
14) She has taught the children in this remote village for five months
She started ___________________________________
15) He has not written to me since April.
The last time __________________________________
16) She hasn’t had a swim for five years
She last __________________________________
17) They last talked to each other two months ago
They haven’t __________________________________
18) The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999
She hasn’t __________________________________

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19) She hasn’t written to me for years
It’s years __________________________________
20) Robert and Catherine have been married for ten years.
It’s ten years __________________________________
Bài 6: Chia động từ ở thì hiện tại hoàn thành và quá khứ đơn
1) The police.........two people early this morning. (to arrest)
2) She.........to Japan but now she.........back. (to go - to come)
3) Dan.........two tablets this year. (already/to buy)
4) How many games.........so far this season? (your team/to win)
5).........the CN Tower when you.........in Toronto? (you/to visit - to stay)
6).........your homework yet? – Yes, I.........it an hour ago. (you/to do - to finish)
7) There.........an accident in High Street, so we have to use King Street to get to your
school. (to be)
Bài 7: Circle the mistake and then correct it
1. Frank has done (A) his homework and then listened (B) to music.
2. The children have put(A) away their toys but they didn’t make (B) their beds yet.
3. Jim learned (A) a lot since he started (B) the language course.
4. Helen has finished (A) her lunch and she went (B) out to play.
5. They haven’t seen (A) each other since September when they have met (B) at
Mary's party.
6. Peter has bought (A) a new MP3 player yesterday but I haven’t seen (B) it yet.
7. The hockey player hit (A) his head on Friday and he was (B) in hospital since then.
Bài 8: Rewrite the sentences using the words given
1. Dorothy has just watered the flowers. (two minutes ago)
_______________________________________________
2. We didn’t get ready for the party. (yet)
_______________________________________________
3. She has already done the washing up. (an hour ago)
_______________________________________________
4. Have you ever visited an orphanage? (last year)
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_______________________________________________
5. Uncle Tom took me to the school today. (already)
_______________________________________________
6. Haven't you put on your jacket yet? (in the morning)
_______________________________________________
7. Susan didn't spend her summer in Italy last year. (never)
_______________________________________________
8. The children didn't return back from the school. (yet)
_______________________________________________
Bài 9: Put in the present perfect or past simple of the verbs in brackets.
1. Martin (be) ________ to Greek five times. He loves the place.
2. I (work) ________ for a computer company for a year. That was after college.
3. We (move) ________here in 1993. We (be) ________ here a long time now.
4. It isn’t a very good party. Most people (already/ go) ________ home.
5. It was so hot today that I (wear) ________ shorts and a T-shirt at work.
6. My wife and I (move) ________ three times since we (get) married.
7. So far this week there (be) ________ three burglaries in our street.
8. When I was younger I (play) ________ badminton for my local team.
9. In the past few years, it (become) ________ more and more difficult to get into
university.
10. I (enjoy) ________ skiing ever since I (live) ________ in Switzerland.
11. I (not see) ________ Rachel for ages. She (not visit) ________ us since July.
Bài 10: Viết lại câu từ quá khứ đơn sang hiện tại hoàn thành không thay đổi
nghĩa.
1/ The last time I cooked was 3 years ago.
-> _________________________________
2/ When did you bought that bag?
-> _________________________________
3/ I last saw him 2 days ago.
-> _________________________________
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4/ I started writing blog 2 months ago
-> _________________________________
5/ She began living in Danang when she was a child.
-> _________________________________
6/ It is 5 years since I last visit my grandparents.
-> _________________________________
7/ When did you start loving him?
-> _________________________________
8/ The last time I went to bar was 6 years ago.
-> _________________________________
9/ It’s years since she wrote to me.
-> _________________________________
10/ I last took a bath 2 days ago.
-> _________________________________
1. I left Japan ten years ago
It _________________________________. (since)
2. My father started washing his car in the morning.
My father __________________________. (since)
3. Tom has been collecting stamps since he was a kid.
Tom ______________________________. (when)
4. It has been two months since my arrival in Tokyo
I _________________________________. (ago)
5. He died three years ago.
He ________________________________. (been)
6. She started planting roses at half past seven.
She _______________________________. (since)
7. They came to live in London two years ago. (for)
___________________________________________
8. He last wrote to her in March. (since)

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___________________________________________
9. Jack and Linda started working here five years ago. (since)
___________________________________________
10. We got married three years ago. (for)
___________________________________________
11. The last time she wrote an email was four years ago. (for)
___________________________________________
12. We arrived late at the theatre. The play had begun before we arrived. (By the
time…)
___________________________________________
1/ The laѕt time I cooked ᴡaѕ 2 weeks ago.
_______________________________________________
2/ When did уou buу that bag?
_______________________________________________
3/ I laѕt ѕaᴡ Peter 5 daуѕ ago.
_______________________________________________
4/ I ѕtarted writing daily blog 3 monthѕ ago
_______________________________________________
5/ He began living in Ha Noi ᴡhen he ᴡaѕ six years old.
_______________________________________________
6/ When did уou ѕtart loᴠing her?
_______________________________________________
7/ The laѕt time I went to water park ᴡaѕ 6 уearѕ ago.
_______________________________________________
8/ It’ѕ уearѕ ѕince Lisa ᴡrote to me.
_______________________________________________