LTE1495 CB006620 Fast Uplink Link Adaptation

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Single RAN Features, Rel. SRAN
21A, Operating Documentation,
Issue 06
LTE1495/CB006620: Fast Uplink

Link Adaptation
DN252179308
Issue 02
Approved on 2021-09-13
© 2022 Nokia. Nokia Condential Information
Use subject to agreed restrictions on disclosure and use.

LTE1495/CB006620: Fast Uplink Link Adaptation

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2 © 2022 Nokia. Nokia Confidential Information Issue 02


Table of Contents
1 LTE1495/CB006620 overview and benefits ............................................................................. 6
2 LTE1495 /CB006620 system impact ......................................................................................... 7
3 Fast uplink link adaptation description ...................................................................................... 9
4 MCS/PRB selection for poor RF ................................................................................................ 12
5 Activating LTE1495 and CB006620 ......................................................................................... 17
6 Deactivating LTE1495 ................................................................................................................ 19
Issue 02. © 2022 Nokia. Nokia Confidential Information 3


List of Figures
Figure 1 Updated 3GPP table for MCS/TBS index ................................................................... 13


List of Tables
Table 1 Summary of changes ....................................................................................................... 6
Table 2 New parameter introduced by LTE1495 ...................................................................... 9
Table 3 Parameters modified by LTE1495 ................................................................................. 9
Table 4 Existing parameters related to LTE1495 ................................................................... 10
Table 5 Existing counters related to LTE1495 ........................................................................ 11
Table 6 Existing key performance indicators related to LTE1495 ....................................... 11
Table 7 Counters related to MCS/PRB selection for poor RF ................................................ 15
Table 8 Key performance indicators related to MCS/PRB selection for poor RF ............... 15
Table 9 Parameters introduced by MCS/PRB selection for poor RF .................................... 15
Table 10 Parameters related to MCS/PRB selection for poor RF ......................................... 16


1. LTE1495/CB006620 overview and benefits
Table 1: Summary of changes
Date Section Change Description
15th - MCS/PRB selection for poor RF section has been added.

September
2020
13th System impact Interaction with LTE1092: Uplink Carrier Aggregation - 2CC
September and LTE4050: UL Traffic-driven UL CA SCell Configuration
2021 features has been added.
The LTE1495: Fast Uplink Link Adaptation feature improves the peak data rate and coverage
by the adaptation of transmission settings of the MCS and the physical resource block (PRB)
according to radio channel conditions.
This feature improves cell average and cell edge throughput:

after events, such as handover and call setup: fast MCS ramp-up starting from the (low)
initial MCS
during normal operation: link adaptation is able to better follow the varying radio
conditions
The CB006620: Fast Uplink Link Adaptation Improvement feature improves the LTE1495:
Fast UL Link Adaptation feature with an algorithm reducing the number of physical resource
blocks (PRBs) before reducing the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) to zero. In poor RF
the UE is able to achieve better uplink coverage and throughput when the UE sends fewer
PRBs at a higher MCS versus sending more PRBs at MCS 0.


2. LTE1495 /CB006620 system impact
LTE1495: Fast Uplink Link Adaptation interdependencies between features

This feature depends on the following features:
LTE27: Open loop UL power control and DL power setting: The open loop power control
settings defined in this function affects the level of signal in the cell and the level of
interference in the other cells. The setting related to open loop power control affects the
SINR level and the LTE1495: Fast uplink link adaptation feature.
LTE28: Closed loop UL power control: It is recommended not to use the closed-loop
power control together with the fast UL link adaptation.
This feature is affected by the following features:

LTE907: TTI Bundling: UEs in TTI bundling mode are handled by its own link adaptation
mechanism. Since in the LTE1495, the MAX_NUM_PRB and allocated MCS vary rapidly,
appropriate adaptation has been introduced in order to trigger the switch to and from
the TTI-bundling.
LTE46: Channel- aware Scheduler (UL): The SRS can be activated independently from the
activation of this feature.
LTE1336: Interference Aware Close loop Power Control: It is recommended that the
LTE1495 working pace is faster than the closed-loop power control pace in general. The
default configurations by the LTE1336 and LTE1495 features ensure that the closed-
loop power control works according to the above recommendation. It is up to the
operators to modify the parameter settings of any of the features to implement the
recommendations.
CB006620: Fast Uplink Link Adaptation Improvement interdependencies

between features
This feature interacts with the following features
LTE1495: Fast Uplink Link Adaptation: LTE1495 needs to be enabled.

LTE4581: 256 QAM in UL : with the LTE4581 feature enabled, the 256QAM-capable UEs
are handled based on the new, dedicated 3GPP table for MCS/TBS index in UL link
adaptation. UE's that don't support 256QAM are handled according to the legacy
MCS/TBS index table.
LTE1092: Uplink Carrier Aggregation - 2CC and LTE4050: UL Traffic-driven UL CA SCell


Configuration: The uplink CA features can be enabled together with CB006620.


3. Fast uplink link adaptation description
Description of the LTE1495: Fast Uplink Link Adaptation feature
This feature consists of adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) scheme and adaptive
transmission bandwidth (ATB):
The UL AMC scheme selects appropriate MCS for UL transmission according to actual
transmission reliability and block error ratio (BLER).
The UL ATB is used for defining the maximum number of PRBs that can be assigned to
a particular UE by the UL scheduler (UEs with power limitations will be assigned with
lesser number of PRBs).
This feature is for the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), which is enabled/disabled
per cell.
This feature is a new option besides the previous link adaptation methods like the
LTE1034: Extended uplink link adaptation feature.
This feature may use sounding reference signal (SRS) information either mandatory or
optionally depending on the scheduler configuration.
This feature uses channel state information (CSI), such as demodulation reference signal
(DMRS), which is derived from the regular PUSCH transmission.
This feature immediately selects appropriate MCS in one step performing a much faster
adaptation when compared to step-wise methods (as in LTE1034: Extended uplink link
adaptation).
Table 2: New parameter introduced by LTE1495
Full name Abbreviated name Path
Fast uplink link ATB trigger fUlLAAtbTrigThr MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

threshold
Table 3: Parameters modified by LTE1495
Activate uplink link actUlLnkAdp MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

adaptation
SRS feature srsActivation MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

activation/deactivation


Table 4: Existing parameters related to LTE1495
Power offset for SRS transmission srsPwrOffset MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL/LN

power calculation CEL_FDD or_TDD
Periodic PHR timer tPeriodicPhr MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL
Enabled TB size impact to UE deltaTfEnabled MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

PUSCH power calculation
Uplink channel bandwidth ulChBw MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL/LN

CEL_FDD
Scheduling method of the U ulsSchedMethod MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

L scheduler
Initial amount of PRBs in iniPrbsUl MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

uplink
Minimum PRB allocation for ulsMinRbPerUe MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

UEs which are power limited
Extended uplink link eUlLaLowPrbThr MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

adaptation low PRB
threshold
Extended uplink link eUlLaLowMcsThr MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

adaptation low MCS
threshold
UL AMC target BLER ulTargetBler MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL
Measurements and counters


Table 5: Existing counters related to LTE1495
Counter ID Counter name Measurement
M8005C140 UL AMC upgrades LTE Power and Quality UL
M8005C141 UL AMC downgrades LTE Power and Quality UL
M8007C5 Number of released Data LTE Radio Bearer

Radio Bearers due to Lost
Radio Connection
M8007C6 Number of released Data LTE Radio Bearer

Radio Bearers due to Other
Reasons
M8006C12 Released E-RABs due to Radio LTE Radio Bearer

Link Failure initiated by eNB
M8006C13 eNB initiated EPS Bearer LTE Radio Bearer

Release requests due to Other
causes
M8006C8 EPC initiated EPS Bearer LTE Radio Bearer

Release requests due to Radio
Network Layer cause
M8006C9 EPC initiated EPS Bearer LTE Radio Bearer

Release requests due to Other
causes
Key performance indicators
Table 6: Existing key performance indicators related to LTE1495
KPI ID KPI name
LTE_5004a E-UTRAN Radio Bearer Drop Ratio
LTE_5119a E-UTRAN E-RAB Drop Ratio, RAN View
LTE_5119a E-UTRAN E-RAB Drop Ratio, User Perspective


4. MCS/PRB selection for poor RF
Functionality which improves the LTE1495: Fast UL Link Adaptation feature with an
algorithm reducing the number of physical resource blocks (PRBs) before reducing the
modulation and coding scheme (MCS) to zero. In poor RF the UE is able to achieve better
uplink coverage and throughput when the UE sends fewer PRBs at a higher MCS versus
sending more PRBs at MCS 0.
Technical details
Note:
Since SRAN20C release, this functionality is available as the CB006620: Fast Uplink
Link Adaptation Improvement feature.
Without the MCS/PRB selection for poor RF functionality, the UL scheduler reduces the
number of PRBs only after the MCS has reached the minimum value of 0. This causes
unnecessary wait times to reduce the number of PRBs, and suboptimal coverage in non-TTI-
bundling (TTIB). Additionally, MCS 0 consumes more PRBs than otherwise needed and
reduces UL capacity.
With the introduction of the MCS/PRB selection for poor RF functionality, when the MCS
reaches MCS 6 value, the eNB will start reducing the number of PRBs to 2 before reducing
MCS to lower level as follows:
MCS 6 - 2 PRBS
MCS 5 - 2 PRBs
MCS 4 - 2 PRBs
etc.
The MCS/PRB selection for poor RF functionality can be enabled using theActivate
Uplink Scheduling for Optimized PRB / MCS Allocations
(actUlsOptimizePrbMcs) parameter. You can then select the UL MCS value that when
reached, will cause the scheduler to reduce the number of PRBs using the Uplink
Scheduling Minimum MCS for Optimized PRB Allocations
(ulsOptimizePrbMinMcs) parameter.


Note:
It's recommended to switch off the LTE907: TTI Bundling and LTE2098 VoLTE Uplink
Coverage Boosting features, as this functionality changes working entry points for the
given features.
Considering that non-TTIB VoLTE is sensitive to segmentation size and the maximum
number of hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) attempts in order to achieve maximum
coverage, the MCS/PRB selection for poor RF functionality introduces new parameters for
VoLTE. It's possible to configure the minimum resource block, and transport block sizes
using the Minimum Resource Blocks for Non-TTI Bundling VoLTE UEs
(ulsMinRbNonTtibVolte), and Minimum TBS for Non-TTI Bundling VoLTE UEs
(ulsMinTbsNonTtibVolte) parameters respectively.
Additionally, with the LTE4581: 256 QAM in UL feature enabled, the 256QAM-capable UEs
are handled based on the new, dedicated 3GPP table for MCS/TBS index in UL link
adaptation. UE's that don't support 256QAM are handled according to the legacy MCS/TBS
index table.
Figure 1: Updated 3GPP table for MCS/TBS index


The LTE1092: Uplink Carrier Aggregation - 2CC and LTE4050: UL Traffic-driven UL CA SCell
Configuration uplink CA features can be enabled together with the MCS/PRB selection for
poor RF.
Related features
LTE1495: Fast Uplink Link Adaptation
LTE4581: 256 QAM in UL
Management data


Table 7: Counters related to MCS/PRB selection for poor RF
Counter ID Counter name Measurement
M8012C23 PDCP_DATA_RATE_MEAN_U 8012: LTE Cell Throughput
M8012C17 RLC_PDU_VOL_RECEIVED 8012: LTE Cell Throughput
M8012C91 - IP_TPUT_VOL_UL_QCI_(1-9) 8012: LTE Cell Throughput

M8012C134
Table 8: Key performance indicators related to MCS/PRB selection for poor RF
KPI ID KPI name
LTE_5289 E-UTRAN average PDCP Layer Active Cell Throughput UL

d
LTE_5283 E-UTRAN Average RLC Layer Cell Throughput UL
LTE_5359 E-UTRAN Averaged IP scheduled Throughput in UL (QCI1–QCI9)

a
LTE_5367
a
Table 9: Parameters introduced by MCS/PRB selection for poor RF
Activate Uplink actUlsOptimizePrbMcs MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

Scheduling for
Optimized PRB / MCS
Allocations
Uplink Scheduling ulsOptimizePrbMinMcs MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

Minimum MCS for
Optimized PRB
Allocations
Minimum Resource Blocks ulsMinRbNonTtibVolte MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

for Non-TTI Bundling
VoLTE UEs
Minimum TBS for Non-TTI ulsMinTbsNonTtibVolt MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

Bundling VoLTE UEs e


Table 10: Parameters related to MCS/PRB selection for poor RF
Activate uplink link actUlLnkAdp MRBTS/LNBTS/LNCEL

adaptation


5. Activating LTE1495 and CB006620
Instructions to activate the feature
Before you start
See Configuring features with BTS Site Manager or Configuring features with Web Element
Manager for general management tool instructions.
Restart of the eNB is required when changes are applied to the following parameters:
Scheduling method of the UL scheduler (ulsSchedMethod)
Modification of the following parameters requires object locking:

Scheduling method of the UL scheduler (ulsSchedMethod)
Procedure
1 Start configuring the parameters.
Select from the available options

Go to the Radio Network Configuration page if using BTS Site Manager.
Go to the Parameter Editor/Navigation Panel if using Web Element
Manager.
2 Go to the LNCEL object
Object path MRBTS ► LNBTS ► LNCEL
3 Set the Activate uplink link adaptation (actUlLnkAdp) parameter value to

fUlLa.
4 (Optional) Set the Activate Uplink Scheduling for Optimized PRB / MCS
Allocations (actUlsOptimizePrbMcs) parameter value to true
If actUlsOptimizePrbMcs is set to true, then the following parameters must be

configured:
Uplink Scheduling Minimum MCS for Optimized PRB Allocations
(ulsOptimizePrbMinMcs)
Minimum Resource Blocks for Non-TTI Bundling VoLTE UEs
(ulsMinRbNonTtibVolte)


Minimum TBS for Non-TTI Bundling VoLTE UEs
(ulsMinTbsNonTtibVolte)
5 Configure the Fast uplink link ATB trigger threshold (fUlLAAtbTrigThr)

parameter.
6 (Optional) Configure the Scheduling method of the UL scheduler

(ulsSchedMethod) parameter.
The default value of this parameter is channel unaware. If this parameter is set to
channel unaware or interference aware, the UL scheduler FD type
(ulsFdPrbAssignAlg) parameter (requires object locking) must be set to MixedFD
(however, ExhaustiveFD is the default setting and is accepted if channel unaware
scheduling method is used, it is recommended to enable MixedFD method to provide a
higher throughput performance).
7 Configure the Periodic PHR timer (tPeriodicPhr) parameter.
This parameter cannot be set to infinity if Activate uplink link adaptation

(actUlLnkAdp) parameter is set to fUlLa.
8 Configure the Enabled TB size impact to UE PUSCH power calculation

(deltaTfEnabled) parameter value to false.
9 Go to the LNCEL_FDD or LNCEL_TDD object.
10 Configure the Power offset for SRS transmission power calculation

(srsPwrOffset) parameter.


6. Deactivating LTE1495
Instructions to deactivate the feature
Before you start
See Configuring features with BTS Site Manager or Configuring features with Web Element
Manager for general management tool instructions.
The Activate uplink link adaptation (actUlLnkAdp) parameter is used for

deactivation. Modification of this parameter does not require neither eNB restart nor cell
locking.
Procedure
1 Start configuring the parameters.
Select from the available options

Go to the Radio Network Configuration page if using BTS Site Manager.
Go to the Parameter Editor/ Navigation Panel if using Web Element
Manager.
2 Go to the LNCEL object
Object path MRBTS ► LNBTS ► LNCEL
3 Set the Activate uplink link adaptation (actUlLnkAdp) parameter to any

value other than fUlLa.
Result
The LTE1495: Fast uplink link adaptation feature is deactivated in the cell.

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Copyrighted material licensed to ashrakat.badr.ext@nokia.com on 29-09-2022.