Activity 2

Break it Down!

Objective:
Identify the parts of the nervous system

Procedure:
Using the given graphic organizer, fill in the missing parts to complete the entire concept showing the
structure of the nervous system.

Guide Questions:
Q1. How will you differentiate the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) in terms of their functions?

Q2. What might happen to the human body if one part of the nervous system
fails to carry out its function properly?
The Nervous System
The Structure of the Nervous System

Your nervous system connects all your body parts and transmits
signals
from one part to another. It is a system of cells, tissues, and
organs that regulates the body’s responses to internal and
external stimuli. Each part of the nervous system has a specific
role as it functions as an important part of a system.

Major Divisions and Parts of the Nervous

System
1. Central Nervous System (CNS)
The CNS serves as the main processing center for the entire
nervous
system. It consists of two main components, namely the:

a. Brain
This is an organ located within the skull that functions as
organizer and distributor of information for the body.

It has three main parts:

Cerebrum – large, upper part of the brain that controls activity
and thought.
Cerebellum – the part under the cerebrum that controls posture,
balance, and coordination.
Brain Stem – the part that connects the brain to the spinal cord and controls automatic functions such as
breathing, digestion, heart rate, and blood pressure.

b. Spinal Cord
This serves as a channel for signals between the brain and the rest of the body, and controls simple
musculoskeletal reflexes without input from the brain.

1. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

The PNS connects the central nervous system to the organs and limbs.
It has two main divisions:

a. Somatic Nervous System

This system is associated with the voluntary control of body movements and has two main parts:
Spinal Nerves – the nerves that carry motor and sensory signals between the spinal cord and the body.
Cranial Nerves – the nerve fibers that carry information into and out of the brain stem

b. Autonomic Nervous System

This system is associated with the involuntary control of body movements and has two subdivisions:
Sympathetic - it is activated when the body is in a dynamic role or stress. (e.g., increased heart rate and
breathing, dilation of pupil, sweating, etc.)
Parasympathetic - it maintains body functions and restores the body to normal or relaxed mode.