Design Steps for Shell and Tube Heat

Exchanger

Presented by :
21bch013 21bch019
21bch014 21bch021
21bch015 21bch023
21bch017 21bch024
21bch018 21bch025
Step 3: Assumption of fluid orientation
 To compute the outer and inner diameter of the tube.
 Let the assume the middle values .
 Calculate the corresponding middle value.
 From table 10

 To compute heat transfer coefficient

 From table 8.
 Select categories and their respective range fro given fluids.
 Then take the average of minimum and maximum values of U.
 Step 4: Determination of 𝑭𝑻

Temperature Correction Factor (𝑭𝑻 ):

It is ratio of the true mean temperature difference to the log-mean temperature difference
∆𝑻𝒎 = 𝑭𝑻 x ∆𝑻𝒍𝒎

∆𝑻𝒍𝒎: Logarithmic mean temperature difference

∆𝑻𝒎 : True mean temperature difference
𝑭𝑻 : Temperature correction factor

Significance :
The temperature correction factor is used to correct errors caused by calculation of heat losses
based on the design outdoor and indoor temperature difference of building elements adjacent to
unheated spaces which are in direct contact with the ground or external environment
In above diagram “T” denotes hot fluid and “t” denotes cold fluid temperatures respectively.

Parameters:

R =
𝑇1 −𝑇2
𝑡2 −𝑡1
, s =
𝑡2 −𝑡1
𝑇1 −𝑡1

∆𝑇2 −∆𝑇1
∆𝑻𝒍𝒎 = ∆𝑇2
ln( )
∆𝑇1
 Figure no – 18 – 23 (depending upon no of shell and tube passes.)

 Calculation :
1. Check the no of passes and tubes condition
2. Compute the values of R and S
3. Plot the point corresponding to R and S in the graph
4. The draw the line from the point to the 𝑭𝑻 axis.
5. Note the value of 𝑭𝑻 .
6. Then use this value to determine ∆𝑻𝒎 .
Figure no -18
Step 5: Calculation of heat transfer area (A)

𝑸
𝑨=
𝑼 × ∆𝑻𝒎
Where:
1. A = heat transfer area
2. Q = heat duty
𝑄 = 𝑚 × 𝐶𝑃 × ∆𝑇𝑎𝑣𝑔
3. U = assumed heat transfer coefficient
4. ∆𝑇𝑚 = true mean temp difference