Introduction to

Logic
PROPOSITIONS
Objectives
a) To illustrate a proposition
b) To symbolize proposition
c) To distinguish simple and compound
proposition
 It is a declarative
sentence that is
Proposition either true or false,
but not both.
Examples
1) Luzon is a part of the Philippines.
(Proposition)

2) I love you!
(It is not a proposition because the sentence is
exclamatory).

3) 1 + 5 = 8
(Proposition)
Examples
4) What is your name?
(It is not a proposition because the sentence is
interrogative)

5) Leave me alone.
(It is not a proposition because the sentence is imperative.)

6) I am lying.
(It is not a proposition because the sentence is paradox.)
 Variables are used
to represent
NOTE: propositions. The most
common variables
used are p, q, and r.
Definition
Simple Proposition Compound Proposition
It is a statement that It is a proposition that
talks about single idea. is formed from simple
propositions connected
by logical operators.
Compound Propositions
1) Today is Monday and it’s raining.
Let
p: Today is Monday.
q: It’s raining.

2) If today is Friday, then I have a test today.

Let
p: Today is Friday.
q: I have a test today.
Compound Propositions
3) The mango trees will bloom if it stays warm for a week.
Let
p: It stays warm for a week.
q: The mango trees will bloom.

4) I can jump and skip.

Let
p: I can jump.
q: I can skip.