MIND

Constitutional Design
Constitution- It is a set of written rules that are accepted by all people living together in a country.

Need of a Constitution

Generates trust and Specifies how a government Lays down limits on the Expresses the aspirations of the
co-ordination. should be constituted. power of the government. people about creating a good society.

Characteristics of Constitution of South Africa The Case of India

Giving citizens most Challenges in making of the Constitution
extensive rights.
Rejecting discrimination
Huge and Country born through partition on Unification of the Makers of the Constitution
Including everyone had anxiety about present
diverse country the basis of religious differences. Princely states
in the society and future of the country.

Struggle Against Apatheid Towards a New Constitution

Apartheid, a system Non-whites formed Nelson Mandela, the Government Ban on political parties After two years of
of racial discrimination African National leader of Non-whites arrested made lifted and Nelson discussion, one of the
on the basis Congress (ANC) in 1950 and sentenced to life changes after Mandela was finest Constitutions
of skin & colour to fight against Apartheid imprisonment in 1964. the protest released from the jail of the world

The Path of Constitution The Constituent Assembly

First draft by Demands like Universal Adult Elections of 1937 An assembly of Elections for the
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
Constitution adopted
Motilal Nehru Franchise, Social Justice and (Provincial elected assembly held in appointed as the
by the Assembly on
and 8 other Right to Freedom and Equality Legislature) helped representatives July 1946 and first Chairman of the
26th November 1949
Congress were raised at Karachi Session Indians in to draft meeting held in drafting committee
and came into effect
leaders (1931) of congress framing Constitution Constitution December 1946 on 26th January 1950.

Reasons to accept the Constitution made by Constituent Assembly
1. It expresses a broad consensus of its time.
2. The Assembly represented the people of India.
3. The Assembly ensured a fair geographical share
of members from all regions of the country.
4. The Assembly worked in a systematic, open and
consensual manner.
Views of Prominent Leaders about Constitution
Mahatma Gandhi–Constitution to promote harmonious living
of all communities.
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar–Political, Social and Economic equality for all.
Jawaharlal Nehru–Equality of opportunity to all, end of poverty
and ignorance.
Philosophy of the Constitution
The values are embedded in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.
The key words of the Preamble include:
We, the people of India–Constitution drawn and enacted by the people
of India through their representatives.
Sovereign–India a free country and not dictated by external power.
Socialist–Wealth generated socially and equally distributed.
Democratic–People elect their rulers and hold them accountable.
Republic–Head of state is an elected person and not a hereditary position.
The philosophy secure to all its citizens:
Justice–Social, Economic and Political.
Liberty–of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship.
Equality–of status and of opportunity.
Fraternity–Assuring dignity of the individual and unity and integrity of the Nation.